This paper describes the output voltage regulation control for an interleaved connected to a direct current (DC) microgrid considering bidirectional current flows. The proposed controller is based on an interconnection and damping passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) approach with integral action that regulates the output voltage profile at its assigned reference. This approach designs a control law via nonlinear feedback that ensures asymptotic stability in a closed-loop in the sense of Lyapunov. Moreover, the IDA-PBC design adds an integral gain to eliminate the possible tracking errors in steady-state conditions. Numerical simulations in the Piecewise Linear Electrical Circuit Simulation (PLECS) package for MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the effectiveness of the proposed controller is assessed and compared with a conventional proportional-integral controller under different scenarios considering strong variations in the current injected/absorbed by the DC microgrid.

This paper addresses the problem of sinusoidal voltage generation in linear loads using a voltage source inverter (VSI). The port-Hamiltonian structure in open-loop is used to design a passivity-based controller with proportional-integral gains (PI-PBC) in order to develop the control strategy. The main advantage of using passivity-based controllers corresponds to the possibility of guaranteeing asymptotic stability by transforming the trajectory tracking problem into a regulation control one. In addition to the PI-PBC, a linear load estimator is employed based on an integral formulation to determine the value of the equivalent conductance in the load, which reduces the number of current sensors. Numerical validations demonstrate that the sinusoidal voltage provided by the VSI to the load has a tracking error lower than 1 %, with harmonic distortions lower than 2.6 %, both for voltage and currents in the load. All the simulations were conducted in MATLAB/Simulink using the SimPowerSystems library version 2017a.

This article presents a novel nonlinear control strategy for an active triple-bridge converter used in a direct current (DC) microgrid with multiple buses to interconnect its three constituent buses, which are comprised of generation systems and generalized loads. The proposed controller aims to regulate the voltage on two of the DC buses and manage the power exchanged between them in response to load and voltage changes. Unlike the existing literature, the control strategy is designed based on the generalized state-space averaged model of the converter, obtained from the delta equivalent circuit of the high-frequency transformer. The performance of the designed controller is validated through simulation results, demonstrating good performance under changes in generated power, load variations, and voltage fluctuations on both DC buses of the microgrid.

This paper presents a fault signal reconstruction method for current sensors in an interleaved buck DC–DC converter, utilizing a sliding mode observer (SMO). A filter bank is used to design the observer within an extended-order system, effectively treating sensor faults as actuator faults, which enables precise estimation of the fault signal. Thus, the proposed approach allows for the identification of the faulty sensor and supports the implementation of fault-tolerant strategies. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of current sensor faults, verifies their impact on current balancing control, and demonstrates the challenge of achieving error-free current estimation in one phase using observers. A comprehensive set of simulation results is carried out, validating the method’s effectiveness and showing a strong correlation with theoretical principles.