Numerous natural habitats, such as soil, air, fermented foods, and human stomachs, are home to different Bacillus strains. Some Bacillus strains have a distinctive predominance and are widely recognized among other microbial communities, as a result of their varied habitation and physiologically active metabolites. The present study collected vegetable products (potato, carrot, and tomato) from local markets in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The bacterial isolates were identified using biochemical and phylogenetic analyses after culturing. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed three Gram-positive bacterial isolates BSS11, BSS17, and BSS19 showing 99% nucleotide sequence similarities with Bacillus subtilis O-3, Bacillus subtilis Md1-42, and Bacillus subtilis Khozestan2. The crude extract was prepared from bacterial isolates to assess the antibiotic resistance potency and the antimicrobial potential against various targeted multidrug-resistant strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus group B, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enteritidis, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterococcus hirae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Proteus vulgaris. This study found that the species that were identified have the ability to produce antibiotic chemicals. Additionally, the GC–MS analysis of three bacterial extracts revealed the presence of many antibiotic substances including phenol, benzoic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and bis(2-methylpropyl), methoxyphenyl-oxime, and benzaldehyde. This work sheds light on the potential of Bacillus to be employed as an antimicrobial agent to target different multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. The results indicate that market vegetables may be a useful source of strains displaying a range of advantageous characteristics that can be used in the creation of biological antibiotics.

Achillea nobilis and its subspecies (A. nobilis subsp. neilreichii and A. nobilis subsp. sipylea) have been traditionally used in various ethnomedical systems across Eurasia. However, comprehensive studies on their phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties are still insufficient. This review aims to provide a critical synthesis of current knowledge regarding the botanical characteristics, geographic distribution, traditional applications, chemical constituents, and pharmacological effects of A. nobilis A structured search was conducted using eight scientific platforms, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science.gov, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, and BASE. Keywords related to phytochemistry, pharmacology, and ethnomedicine were applied, and a total of 28,000 records were initially retrieved. After a multi-stage screening process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 167 peer-reviewed publications from 1952 to 2023 were selected for detailed evaluation. Findings reveal a diverse range of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and sesquiterpene lactones, which demonstrate antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antispasmodic, and anticonvulsant activities. Most studies have focused on aerial parts and water-based extracts, while the root chemistry and organ-specific metabolite profiles remain largely unexplored. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of A. nobilis and underscores the need for future studies using multi-omics and advanced analytical techniques to support its development in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.

Ras-association domain family (RASSF) proteins are tumor suppressors and have gained phenomenal limelight because of their mechanistic role in the prevention/inhibition of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Decades of research have demystified wide ranging activities of RASSF molecules in multiple stages of cancers. Although major fraction of RASSF molecules has tumor suppressive roles, yet there is parallel existence of proof-of-concept about moonlighting activities of RASSF proteins as oncogenes. RASSF proteins tactfully rewire signaling cascades for prevention of cancer and metastasis but circumstantial evidence also illuminates oncogenic role of different RASSF proteins in different cancers. In this review we have attempted to provide readers an overview of the complex interplay between non-coding RNAs and RASSF proteins and how these versatile regulators shape the landscape of carcinogenesis and metastasis.

Background/Objectives: The essential oils of Abies species possess a complex chemical composition and pronounced biological activity. However, comparative studies of interspecies differences and on the influence of extraction methods on their chemical profile and pharmacological properties are limited. Such data are necessary for identifying the most promising species and optimizing essential oil production technologies for pharmaceutical applications. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the essential oils of seven Abies species obtained by steam distillation and to analyze the effects of three extraction methods on the chemical and biological characteristics of Abies sibirica L. oil. Methods: The essential oils of seven Abies species were isolated by steam distillation. For A. sibirica, supercritical CO₂ extraction and microwave-assisted steam distillation (MASD) were additionally used. Chemical composition was determined by GC-MS. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, PCA and hierarchical cluster modeling, and non-parametric tests. Antifungal activity was assessed against Candida albicans, and antiradical activity was assessed using densitometric analysis. Results: GC-MS analysis revealed significant differences in chemical composition between species and extraction methods. The main compounds were bornyl acetate, α-pinene, and camphene. ANOVA revealed significant differences in bornyl acetate and β-pinene content between species (p < 0.001) and methods (p < 0.01). PCA and clustering identified a bornyl acetate-rich chemotype (A. sibirica, A. grandis, A. lowiana). A. sibirica oil, obtained by MASD, exhibited high antifungal activity (82% inhibition), similar to that of 5-flucytosine (95%). Antiradical activity correlated with monoterpenes corresponding to peaks 2 and 7 of the densitogram. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the species and extraction method significantly determine the chemical profile and biological properties of Abies oils. A. sibirica oil, obtained by MASD, demonstrated the highest activity, highlighting its potential as a source of biologically active compounds.

The global trend of population ageing is a significant issue, equally relevant to all countries. The World Health Organization predicts that the number of people aged 80 years and over will triple between 2020 and 2050, reaching 426 million. The increase in the elderly population poses serious challenges to national health systems, as it leads to higher health care costs and reduced access to medical care for other age groups. The increasing number of chronic diseases and the expected aging of the population requires clear planning and responsible actions. To this end, we conducted a literature review to examine what countries around the world are doing to address the challenges of caring for older people while adapting to the needs of their aging populations. Aim: study of international experience in organizing medical care for the older persons in different countries of the world. Search strategy. The material of the publication was prepared on the basis of searches in databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, BMC, digital scientific library CyberLeninka, data from official administrative internet resources. A total of 421 sources were found, from which 74 sources were selected, relevant both to the studied issue and satisfying the search depth of 10 years, published in Russian and English languages. Inclusion criteria: full-text open access publications appropriate to the research topic and depth of search. Exclusion criteria: publications that do not match the search criteria, short communications, advertising and newspaper articles, conference abstracts. Results. Analysis of international experience has shown that the organization of care for people aged 60 years and older varies depending on the cultural, social and economic conditions of each country and reflects the specific characteristics of different countries. Consequently, the model of primary health care organization for older patients should include not only medical, but also other aspects, primarily social, and be based on interagency cooperation. Conclusion. Health systems around the world are facing new challenges in the context of inevitable demographic ageing. Recognizing the importance of the advancement of geriatric medicine, there is a need to focus on the development of programs and policies specifically adapted for older persons in the context of a globally ageing population. Глобальная тенденция старения населения является значимой проблемой, в равной степени актуальной для всех стран. Согласно прогнозу Всемирной организации здравоохранения количество людей в возрасте 80 лет и старше утроится в период с 2020 по 2050 год, достигнув 426 миллионов. Увеличение численности пожилого населения создает серьезные вызовы для национальных систем здравоохранения, так как это приводит к росту расходов на здравоохранение и уменьшению доступности медицинской помощи для других возрастных групп. Рост количества хронических заболеваний и ожидаемого старения населения требует четкого планирования и принятия ответственных мер. C этой целью мы провели литературный обзор для того, чтобы изучить какие меры предпринимают страны мира для решения проблем по уходу за пожилыми людьми, адаптируясь к потребностям своего стареющего населения. Цель исследования: изучение международного опыта организации медицинской помощи пожилым людям в различных странах мира. Стратегия поиска. Материал публикации подготовлен на основе поисковых работ в базах данных: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, BMC, электронная научная библиотека CyberLeninka, данные официальных административных интернет-ресурсов. Всего было найдено 421 источник, из которых отобраны 74 источника, релевантные, как по изучаемой проблеме, так и удовлетворяющие глубине поиска 10 лет, опубликованные на русском и английском языках. Критерии включения:полнотекстовые публикации в открытом доступе, соответствующие теме исследования и глубине поиска. Критерии исключения: публикации, не соответствующие критериям поиска, краткие сообщения, рекламные и газетные статьи, тезисы конференций. Результаты. Анализ международного опыта показал, что организация помощи людям в возрасте 60 лет и старше имеет различия в зависимости от культурных, социальных и экономических условий каждой страны и отражает конкретные особенности различных стран. Следовательно, модель организации первичной...

The article presents the results of research on the development of the composition and technology of a gel with ultrasonic ethanolic extract Portulaca oleracea L. for topical use. A gel under the conditional name PortoGel was taken as the object of the study. An ultrasonic ethanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea L. (POUS extract) was used as an active component. Since ancient times, the plant Portulaca oleracea L. has been used in traditional medicine in many countries to treat various diseases. A rational technology for producing the gel has been developed, and its indicators such as appearance, uniformity, smell, plasticity, viscosity, and pH have been studied. Sapineo Derm (sodium hydroxyethylacrylate/acryloyldimethyltaurate) was selected as a structure former. Sodium alginate is selected as a thickener and stabilizer. Boric acid, 0.1% Tea Tree oil extract as antimicrobial preservatives. Based on rheological studies (Brookfield HBDV-2), it was determined that PortoGel has optimal structural and mechanical characteristics, is a thixotropic system, sufficiently stable and pliable, capable of being spread on the skin, and provides the necessary stability of the system during technological operations. This study showed that the gel contains the active ingredient of Portulaca oleracea L. extract. It is promising for further work on the creation of medicines.