In this work, we demonstrate the first time simultaneous transmission of Power over Fiber, 5 G New Radio and digital signals in a single optical fiber link. We transmit eight 256QAM 5 G NR and two GPON-compliant digital No Return to Zero signals through 4 cores of a 250 m 7-core Multicore Fiber, while two Power over Fiber signals of a total 3463.2 mW are launched through other two cores. An electrical power delivery of 688.8 mW is achieved, while a total data rate of 39.5 Gbps is obtained for the 5 G NR and the digital communications signals, setting a new record in simultaneous PoF and data links in Multicore Fibers.

Specific demands of providing power to equipment in remote areas or hazardous environments, including populated areas, requiring high throughputs and ultra-low latency in beyond 5 G (B5G) mobile communications that are based on Radio over Fiber (RoF) have made Power over Fiber (PoF) attractive. This paper reviews a breakthrough of a long-distance hollow core fiber (HCF) fronthaul (up to 11.1 km) able to meet the requirements of B5G optical mobile networks, where the transmission medium is common to both 5 G NR and PoF signals. This work is placed in context and compared with results provided by other authors, showing the relevance of the outcomes and subsequent future possibilities. It also creates a discussion in which the performance of other fiber technologies may be compared, as new B5G fronthauls with special attention paid to transmission in a single fiber, avoiding noise transfer between high power laser PoF source and 5G-NR data that affects the signal quality. PoF energy delivery efficiencies are also analyzed, achieving up to 9.9 % efficiency (from launched optical power to electrical power on the load) for a 3.1 km HCF and 0.9 % for a 11.1 km HCF. The PoF signal is used to supply a Bluetooth Low-Energy load.

In this work, we present a novel power over fiber (PoF) monitoring technique using inscribed tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) in multicore fibers (MCF) links to provide secure energy delivery and data transmission. To validate the technique, experiments were conducted in 400 m long 4-core MCFs with TFBGs inscribed at two different wavelengths: 1390 and 1580 nm. During testing, Fifth-Generation New Radio 256 QAM signals were transmitted over a 20 GHz carrier modulating two lasers at 1552.8 nm and 1570 nm for data transmission and a PoF signal delivering up to 600 mW to remote units. Experimental results confirm the successful and secure co-transmission, achieving monitoring PoF resolutions below 0.4 dB across the entire high power laser range from 23 to 33.5 dBm.

This research presents a detailed methodology for indoor positioning using visible light communication (VLC) technology, focusing on overcoming the limitations of traditional satellite-based navigation systems. The system is based on an optical positioning framework that integrates trilateration techniques with a semi-spherical array of photodiodes, designed to enhance both positional accuracy and orientation estimation. The system effectively estimates the receiver’s position and orientation with high precision by utilizing multiple white-light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as transmitters and leveraging angular diversity. The proposed method achieves an average position error of less than 3 cm and an angular accuracy within 10 degrees, demonstrating its robustness even in environments with obstructed line of sight. These results highlight the system’s potential for significant indoor positioning accuracy and reliability improvements.