In order to ensure the price stability of niche agricultural products and enhance farmers’ income, the study delves into the pattern of the ginger price fluctuation rule and its main influencing factors. By combining seasonal decomposition STL, long and short-term memory network LSTM, attention mechanism ATT and Kolmogorov-Arnold network, a combined STL-LSTM-ATT-KAN prediction model is developed, and the model parameters are finely tuned by using multi-population adaptive particle swarm optimisation algorithm (AMP-PSO). Based on an in-depth analysis of actual data on ginger prices over the past decade, the STL-LSTM-ATT-KAN model demonstrated excellent performance in terms of prediction accuracy: its mean absolute error (MAE) was 0.111, mean squared error (MSE) was 0.021, root mean squared error (RMSE) was 0.146, and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.998. This study provides the Ginger Industry, agricultural trade, farmers and policymakers with digitalised and intelligent aids, which are important for improving market monitoring, risk control, competitiveness and guaranteeing the stability of supply and price.