Metalworking fluid (MWF) is the name given to a range of oils, emulsions and other fluid used in metalworking processes to reduce friction, heat, rust, and evacuate swarf. However, most of these fluids are based on finite resource - mineral oil and contain biocides, thus representing an environmental threat at each life cycle stage from resource extraction to disposal. The basic methodological approach of this research was based on the systematic review of relevant academic literature in the field of health issues caused by MWF application. An academic electronic reference source was queried for the related terms while search engine was set to sort the results by relevance. Based on the systematic literature review, this study has identified and noted 31 reports in the peer reviewed literature directly relevant to human health risks associated with MWF exposure effects. The majority of these studies were case series and cross-sectional studies of which 13 addressed malignant diseases; 7 respiratory effects; 6 skin effects or allergies; and 7 pathogenic microbial contaminants. The major studies identified excess malignant diseases including lung, liver, skin, pancreatic, and laryngeal cancer in cohorts exposed to MWF. In addition, a strong association has been established with asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The research did not categorise the results according to the MWF formulation, nor according to the method of application.

If Serbia is to continue with European integration, European policies related to the use of biofuels will have to be implemented. Directive 2009/28/EC implies 10% of biofuels in transport fuel by the end of 2020. Although the production and use of biodiesel is in line with the practice of developed countries, Serbia does not produce nor use significant quantities of this fuel. Based on the conducted analysis, it was established that Serbia has the potential to produce biodiesel by processing its domestic raw materials. The logical step, then, is to re-establish the domestic biodiesel industry. This paper presents and discuss important factors for biodiesel producers or / and investors, in an attempt to mitigate business risks or to provide a starting point in a search for ways to turn these factors into gains. The PESTLE framework was used for classification of these factors, on account of its common use in making strategic decisions.

On account of the economic situation in Serbia, there is a significant demand for European second-hand diesel vehicles and there is no indication that this trend will be declining in the near future. If Serbia implements reforms that are relevant to Euro-integrations, which, among other things, include the use of biofuels, this will certainly be consequential for the citizens of Serbia through various aspects. Although biodiesel is biofuel that in many respects represents an adequate fossil diesel substitute, it still has different physical and chemical properties that can cause unexpected problems in use. This can lead to increased vehicle maintenance costs and thus, a general increase in transportation costs. In addition, as a product of biomass processing mostly derived from agriculture, the biodiesel industry competes with the food industry in purchasing raw materials. This has serious implications as it can affect the availability and food price levels on the market. This paper discusses these phenomena from the aspect of potential economic impact on Serbia's citizens, whether they belong to a group of future buyers and consumers of biodiesel or not.

The key problems of plastic recycling in Serbia are inadequate legislation and low purchase price of plastic waste, which is a poor incentive for plastic waste collecting. This paper suggests the method for plastic waste handling in Serbia by means of pyrolytic conversion into fuel substitutes as primary recycling method. It is reflected in several guidelines for its application, which are explained in detail, proved and given in this paper. If the state recognized this method as a socially responsible business by introducing certain legal regulation changes and if the above guidelines were followed, the implementation model could make a room for a higher purchase price of plastic waste. In economic terms, higher price would increase supply by encouraging the collection of plastic waste to greater extent, which would have a stronger environmental impact with economic justification.

Even though recycling, incineration, and other waste treatment methods are available, landfills continue to dominate waste disposal in Serbia. Without proper management, numerous landfills pose grave dangers, as exemplified by the August 2021 fires at multiple landfills in Serbia. In addition to formal waste recycling systems, approximately 15 million people participate in informal waste recycling, primarily for plastics, metals, glass, and paper, while this figure in Serbia is estimated to be between 30 and 50 thousand. This review analyses emerging public health issues, particularly associated with the informal waste recycling sector in Serbia. Although informal recyclers contribute to waste recycling and reuse, the relatively rudimentary techniques they employ, in conjunction with improper management of secondary pollutants, exacerbate environmental pollution of air, soil, and water. Even worse, inadequate occupational health measures expose informal waste workers to a variety of pollutants, injuries, respiratory and dermatological conditions, infections, and other significant health problems that contribute to a low life expectancy. Integration of the informal sector with its formal counterparts could enhance waste management while simultaneously addressing these grave health and livelihood issues.

This study investigates how enterprises in the service (tertiary) sector in Vojvodina, Serbia, integrate and prioritize Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a focus on ecological sustainability, under crisis conditions. Based on a questionnaire survey and factor analysis of 150 respondents, which identified four key sustainability dimensions explained 59.75% of total variance, were identified: Education and Energy (including SDG4—Quality Education and SDG7—Affordable and Clean Energy), Health and Social Well-being (including SDG3—Good Health and Well-being and SDG2—Zero Hunger), Ecological Sustainability and Nature Protection (including SDG6—Clean Water and Sanitation and SDG14—Life Below Water), and Economy and Climate Change (including SDG8—Decent Work and Economic Growth, SDG13—Climate Action, and SDG17—Partnerships for the Goals). The findings emphasize the multidimensional and interconnected nature of these dimensions and their role in enhancing organizational resilience. By linking crisis management strategies with SDG integration, the study provides both theoretical contributions and practical insights for managers aiming to improve sustainability performance in turbulent environments.