Ecotourism has been introduced in many areas with a high natural value to create a synergy between environmental conservation and local development. However, ecotourism initiatives that are socially and environmentally sustainable frequently struggle to achieve economic viability. The present paper takes a closer look at the factors that limit sustainable ecotourism development. It studies 19 ecotourism firms in Los Tuxtlas (Mexico). In this area, the ecotourism sector has been developing for three decades but recently has entered a state of crisis. The situation is analyzed by applying a multi-scale analysis framework, which classifies the obstacles in different thematic areas. Two main aspects are considered: the stakeholders involved and the spatial levels where the obstacles originate. The main aspects identified were the region's climate, a lack of promotion, poor road conditions, an economic crisis in the region's primary visitor market, and the Mexican public safety crisis.

Although humans have interacted with wildfires for millennia, a science-based approach to fire management has evolved in recent decades. This paper reviews the development of fire-management research, focusing on publications that use this term in their title, abstract, or keywords identified on the Scopus platform. This resulted in the identification of 5624 documents published between 1973 and 2021. Publication rates have particularly increased since 2010. The paper details the characteristics of this body of the literature, including the main authors, institutions, and countries. Furthermore, it considers the bibliographic networks, main research foci, and the publications’ study areas. First, these analyses provide researchers interested in fire management an overview of the field and its most prominent sources, authors, and publications. Second, they invite reflection on the current state of fire-management research. In particular, the considerable disparities in spatial foci and countries of authorship suggest that the challenges of today’s problems in fire management are more likely to be overcome with a more balanced global research effort.

With mounting evidence of extreme weather events, it is increasingly important to understand the risks that thunderstorms, extreme precipitation, and wildfires pose to tourism. This study investigates the past occurrence of these phenomena in Europe, analyses recent trends, and evaluates them in relation to the dependency on tourism. The Tourism Exposure Index is developed to assess these risks, comprising two sub-indices: the Hazard Index and the Tourism Dependency Index. Results reveal a spatial concentration of regions with high/very-high tourism exposure, particularly in southern Europe and around the Mediterranean Sea. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the spatial distribution of weather extremes with highly disruptive potential. It is concluded that at-risk regions should develop weather hazard adaptation plans for tourism.

Los megaincendios se refieren a igniciones forestales de gran magnitud con marcados impactos ambientales y socioeconómicos. El presente artículo investiga la dinámica espacial y temporal de la ocurrencia de megaincendios y sus causas y efectos en las últimas dos décadas en México, donde este fenómeno ha sido poco explorado. Mediante un sistema de información geográfica y las bases de datos del Global Fire Atlas y de la Comisión Nacional Forestal se analizó la distribución espacial de la ocurrencia y superficie afectada; mientras que los impactos socioeconómicos se identificaron a partir de la revisión de fuentes hemerográficas. Los resultados demuestran que incendios de más de 500 ha y 1000 ha son frecuentes en casi todo el país, pero los eventos de más de 10 000 hectáreas son escasos y se concentran principalmente en los estados del norte. El número de megaincendios en México es mínimo en comparación con el total de incendios registrados a escala nacional. Sin embargo, abarcan gran parte de la superficie afectada, 45.8% según los datos de la Comisión Nacional Forestal y 58% según el Global Fire Atlas para los incendios en superficies mayores a 500 ha. La causa directa en la mayoría de los casos es de origen antropogénica, aunque existe una porción importante de megaincendios que resultaron de causas naturales, sobre todo en el norte del país. Con respecto a los efectos socioeconómicos estos fenómenos también abarcan un porcentaje significativo de los costos y daños generados.