The object of research is technological processes, seeds of industrial hemp, and working bodies of the dehuller. A centrifugal-type device for crushing hemp seeds with a closed sector-type working body has been designed. Owing to this, the task related to seed dehulling was solved with a high level of efficiency in separating the seed coat from the kernel. The rational parameters for the dehuller have been substantiated: the diameter of the impeller is 162 mm, the gap between the impeller and the seed repelling panel is 80 mm, the frequency of rotation of the impeller is 2000 min–1. It was established that with the specified parameters and moisture content of the seeds within the limits of conditional (12.0–13.0 %), it is advisable to carry out dehulling process without preliminary separation of the seeds into fractions by width. It was established that an increase in seed size leads to a corresponding increase in the weight share of seed kernels. About 58.2 % of the main mass of seeds is the average fraction with a width of 2.5 to 3.0 mm. It was found that reducing the diameter of the impeller (from 236 mm to 162 mm) at a seed moisture content of 8.8 % improved the efficiency of dehulling. At a rotation frequency of the impeller of 2000 min–1, the highest total number of intact and destroyed kernels (23.23–29.33 %) was achieved for the two studied moistures. With an increase in seed moisture content from 8.8 % to 12.0 %, the number of dehulled kernels in the hempseed cake increased. It was noted that for seeds with a moisture content of 8.8 %, an increase in the gap led to a decrease in the dehulling efficiency for each of the three investigated seed fractions. The total number of dehulled kernels under such conditions decreased by 2.4–6.8 % and amounted to 16.4–26.9 %. For seeds with a moisture content of 12.0 %, an increase in the gap, on the contrary, increased the dehulling efficiency for each of the three investigated seed fractions. The total number of dehulled kernels for seeds of marked moisture increased within the range of 1.4–3.6 % and amounted to 27.4–31.0 % Об’єктом дослідження є технологічні процеси, насіння промислових конопель, робочі органи обрушувача. Розроблено пристрій відцентрового типу для обрушування насіння конопель із робочим органом закритого секторального типу. Завдяки цьому вирішено проблему обрушування насіння із високим рівнем ефективності відділення насіннєвої оболонки від ядра. Обгрунтовано раціональні параметри обрушувача: діаметр робочого колеса 162 мм, зазор між робочим колесом та відбивною декою 80 мм, частота обертання робочого колеса 2000 хв.-1. Встановлено, що за зазначених параметрів та вологості насіння в межах кондиційної (12,0–13,0 %) процес обрушування доцільно проводити без попереднього розділення насіння на фракції за шириною. Встановлено, що збільшення розмірів насіння призводить до відповідного зростання частки ваги насіннєвих ядер. Близько 58,2 % в основній масі насіння складає середня фракція шириною від 2,5 до 3,0 мм. Встановлено, що зменшення діаметру робочого колеса (від 236 мм до 162 мм) за вологості насіння 8,8 % підвищувало ефективність обрушування. За частоти обертання робочого колеса 2000 хв.-1 досягнуто найбільшу сумарну кількість цілих та зруйнованих ядер (23,23–29,33 %) для двох досліджуваних вологостей. Зі збільшенням вологості насіння від 8,8 % до 12,0 % кількість обрушених ядер в рушанці збільшувалося. Відзначено, що для насіння вологістю 8,8 % збільшення зазору призводило до зменшення ефективності обрушування для кожної з трьох досліджуваних фракцій насіння. Сумарна кількість обрушених ядер за таких умов зменшувалася в межах 2,4–6,8 % та складала 16,4–26,9 %. Для насіння вологістю 12,0 % збільшення зазору, навпаки, підвищувало ефективність обрушування для кожної з трьох досліджуваних фракцій насіння. Сумарна кількість обрушених ядер для насіння відміченої вологості збільшувалася в межах 1,4–3,6 % та складала 27,4–31,0 %

In modern conditions, the transition to distance learning has set new tasks for teachers, in particular, related to laboratory work. In these works, students not only study the structure and features of special equipment, but also acquire practical skills in working with the tool. The purpose of the article is to present our own experience of developing and using in the educational process a mobile application for teaching micrometer measurements during the relevant remote laboratory work in the disciplines ``Interchangeability, Standardization and Technical Measurements'' and ``Physics''. The literature analysis showed that ICT is widely used in the educational process in higher education, but computer programs and mobile applications are usually developed for secondary school disciplines, so there was a need to develop an information program for teaching students in distance learning, in particular during laboratory work. In order to teach students to work with a micrometer during distance learning, we have developed a mobile application. The process of developing the application included modeling the micrometer in the CAD system, creating training scenes in the Unity game engine and writing scripts to fully immerse students in the learning process. The mobile application developed by us consists of three parts: theoretical, educational and practical. In the theoretical part, students learn the structure and principles of working with a micrometer. The training part is developed in the form of a video lesson of working with the equipment. The practical part contains an electronic model of the micrometer and allows you to make measurements. Thus, during distance learning using the developed application, the percentage of qualitative success of students in laboratory work on the topic ``Measuring parts with a micrometer'' increased by 7.3\% compared to the same period of distance learning without the use of this application.

The trees (e.g., fruit or decorative) growing on the homestead plots of private households provide opportunities for sustainable biomass obtained from pruned branches every year. Profitable production of fuel material requires high-performance equipment and methods by which wood chips can be produced at low cost. The practice of chopping tree branches shows that not all chopping machines are suitable for use on homestead plots. This research gives the five-year test results of a developed and patented tree branch chopping machine under special operating conditions. The machine was tested under the conditions of the homestead plot of a private household in the Poltava region, and the engineering parameters to set up the chopper were determined. It is recommended to set a 0.3404 radian (19 degrees 50 min) angle on the chopper to cut tree branches as well as to set the size of the cutting knives’ protrusion above the disc plane within 0.0120 m. As a result of the correct settings, the power consumption of the chopper motor will be W = 1.3549 kW, which is an optimal value for the studied chopper. The research results made it possible to provide instructions for the tree branch chopper’s operation and to adapt it to the conditions of homestead plots.

Research of wear resistance of bronze bushings during plastic vibration deformation

This paper reports a study into the durability of tillage equipment working bodies. It has been established that the quality of surface layers during plastic deformation depends on a series of factors. These factors include the degree of hardening, the thickness of the hardened layer, the size and nature of the distribution of residual stresses. The study has shown that the technology to restore working bodies that involves vibration oscillations provides for higher durability. Investigation of deformed samples demonstrates that when exposed to vibration treatment, the microstructure is more fine-grained and even; the hardness of the treated surface of a ploughshare blade increases by 22‒35 %. This contributes to hardening the machined surface. It has been established that the tillage equipment working body wear is a random process, which is predetermined by changes in the structural dimensions and shape of cutting elements. An analysis of the wear distribution density of cutting elements has revealed its compliance with the law of normal distribution. It should be noted that the most influential geometric parameter of a working body affecting the part’s resource is the wear depth. This parameter determines the residual thickness of the ploughshare wall. Data from surface-layer studies at hardening make it possible to note a decrease in the limiting state of the examined parameters. In particular, the wear of a ploughshare tip was 17 % less than the limiting state. The study of durability has shown that the amount of tillage equipment working body wear is 1.28 times less when using vibrational plastic deformation. Accordingly, when restoring ploughshares, in order to increase the working bodies’ resource, it is more expedient to use a method that implies the welding of tires made from steel 45 involving sormite surfacing and vibration treatment

The object of research is the technological processes of corn grain drying, energy plants. One of the most problematic areas for agricultural producers is providing energy for technological processes of bringing grain material to the indicators of product sales. And during the war and post-war period in Ukraine, this requires non-standard approaches and ways of implementation. Therefore, for operation in autonomous mode, the technology involves the use of biomass, electricity from solar panels and/or a diesel generator to supply the coolant to the grain drying zone. The availability of biomass is ensured by cleaning grain material after harvesting and crop residues. The study examined the technology of corn grain drying in “Agrotechservice” LLC of the Poltava district of the Poltava region (Ukraine) using the Saphir 2134 modular grain dryer with an improved biomass boiler. The results of studies of the operation of a grain dryer using different types of fuel (gas, diesel fuel, alternative fuel) showed that the energy consumption for reducing humidity by 1 ton-percent was: for gas – 1.5 m3; for diesel fuel – 1.8 l; for biomass – 3.4 kg. The total cost of drying on a Saphir 2134 grain dryer was obtained, which is 0.205 USD, which is 3.7 times less than when using natural gas and 9.2 times less than when using diesel fuel. This is due to the fact that the proposed technology involves the use of an improved biomass boiler and alternative energy sources. This provides the possibility of obtaining average daily savings using a grain dryer of this model with an improved biomass boiler, which will be about 1.1 thousand USD. Compared to similar corn grain drying processes, these studies have shown the economic feasibility of using biomass as an energy material for the production of thermal energy in the corn grain drying process.