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Addressing food security with local and sustainable food production is a key requirement for supporting a globally sustainable agricultural system. Food insecurity is prevalent in Indigenous communities in Canada, especially in rural and remote regions of northern (subarctic and arctic) Canada. Further, climate change has disproportionately impacted subarctic and arctic regions worldwide − surface air temperatures are now more favourable for agricultural activities − offering the potential for local food production under ambient conditions. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) intercrops grown over a two-year period in two sites (treed, windbreak-lined with native willow, Salix. spp.; and non-treed, or open) in the subarctic Indigenous community of Fort Albany First Nation, Ontario, Canada. Intercrops grown in the windbreak-lined site produced significantly greater (p < 0.05) yields and biomass than the open site. An analysis of soil chemistry (pH, P, K, Mg, NO3, NH4 and total N) showed that with some local amendments such as offal and bone meal, both the windbreak-lined and open sites can support continued agricultural use. This study informs Indigenous communities across subarctic regions of the world that climate change not only brings challenges, but also opportunities, such as potentially sustainable local food production.
Christine D. Barbeau; Meaghan J. Wilton; Maren Oelbermann; Jim D. Karagatzides; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Local food production in a subarctic Indigenous community: the use of willow (Salix spp.) windbreaks to increase the yield of intercropped potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 2017, 16, 29 -39.
AMA StyleChristine D. Barbeau, Meaghan J. Wilton, Maren Oelbermann, Jim D. Karagatzides, Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Local food production in a subarctic Indigenous community: the use of willow (Salix spp.) windbreaks to increase the yield of intercropped potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability. 2017; 16 (1):29-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine D. Barbeau; Meaghan J. Wilton; Maren Oelbermann; Jim D. Karagatzides; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. 2017. "Local food production in a subarctic Indigenous community: the use of willow (Salix spp.) windbreaks to increase the yield of intercropped potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)." International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 16, no. 1: 29-39.
Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Indigenous People to Environmental Change: The Potential Use of an Innovative, Web-Based, Collaborative-Geomatics Informatics Tool to Reduce the Degree of Exposure of First Nations Cree to Hazardous Travel Routes | InTechOpen, Published on: 2016-09-08. Authors: Christine D. Barbeau, Donald Cowan and Leonard J.S. Tsuji
Christine D. Barbeau; Donald Cowan; Leonard J.S. Tsuji; Pasquale Imperatore; Antonio Pepe. Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Indigenous People to Environmental Change: The Potential Use of an Innovative, Web-Based, Collaborative-Geomatics Informatics Tool to Reduce the Degree of Exposure of First Nations Cree to Hazardous Travel Routes. Geospatial Technology - Environmental and Social Applications 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleChristine D. Barbeau, Donald Cowan, Leonard J.S. Tsuji, Pasquale Imperatore, Antonio Pepe. Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Indigenous People to Environmental Change: The Potential Use of an Innovative, Web-Based, Collaborative-Geomatics Informatics Tool to Reduce the Degree of Exposure of First Nations Cree to Hazardous Travel Routes. Geospatial Technology - Environmental and Social Applications. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine D. Barbeau; Donald Cowan; Leonard J.S. Tsuji; Pasquale Imperatore; Antonio Pepe. 2016. "Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Indigenous People to Environmental Change: The Potential Use of an Innovative, Web-Based, Collaborative-Geomatics Informatics Tool to Reduce the Degree of Exposure of First Nations Cree to Hazardous Travel Routes." Geospatial Technology - Environmental and Social Applications , no. : 1.
Aboriginal people in Canada experience disproportionately high rates of diet-related illnesses, such as obesity and diabetes. Food insecurity has been identified as a contributing factor to these illnesses along with a loss of traditional lifestyle. Current food systems within northern subarctic and arctic regions of Canada rely heavily on imported foods that are expensive (when available), and are environmentally unsustainable. A warming subarctic and arctic climate present challenges, but also offers the opportunity for local agricultural production that can increase food security and promote a more sustainable food system. In this study the feasibility of sustainably growing potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) utilizing agroforestry practices to enhance food security in remote subarctic communities is explored through a case study in Fort Albany First Nation in northern Ontario, Canada. Potato crops were grown over a two-year period and rotated into plots that had been planted with green bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Results showed that potatoes and bush beans could be grown successfully in the subarctic without the use of greenhouses with yields comparable to more conventional high-input agricultural methods. In subarctic Canada, sustainable local food production can help to promote social capital, healthier lifestyles, and food security.
Christine D. Barbeau; Maren Oelbermann; Jim D. Karagatzides; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: Producing Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a Canadian Subarctic First Nations Community. Sustainability 2015, 7, 5664 -5681.
AMA StyleChristine D. Barbeau, Maren Oelbermann, Jim D. Karagatzides, Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: Producing Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a Canadian Subarctic First Nations Community. Sustainability. 2015; 7 (5):5664-5681.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine D. Barbeau; Maren Oelbermann; Jim D. Karagatzides; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. 2015. "Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: Producing Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a Canadian Subarctic First Nations Community." Sustainability 7, no. 5: 5664-5681.
There is an overall consensus that arctic regions will experience climate change earlier and to a greater extent than lower latitude regions. Aboriginal people in Canada's northern regions are especially vulnerable to climate variability in addition to experiencing disproportionately high rates of diet-related illnesses such as diabetes, obesity and heart disease. The majority of these diet-related diseases can be attributed to food insecurity and a loss of traditional lifestyles. Furthermore, current food systems within these northern regions are reliant on imported foods that are resource expensive and are ecologically and socially unsustainable. A warming arctic climate offers the opportunity for local agricultural production that can promote ecologically and culturally sustainable means to increase food security. To date, there has been little investigation into the potential for sustainable food production in arctic and sub-arctic regions. In this study, the feasibility of using locally grown produce as a means to sustainably enhance food security in sub-arctic Aboriginal communities is explored through a case study in the community of Fort Albany First Nations located in Ontario, Canada. Solanum tuberosum L. (potatoes) and Phaseolus vulgaris L. (green beans) were grown over a two year period to determine if potato and bean crops could be grown in a sustainable manner for community consumption. Results from two growing seasons showed that potatoes and beans could be grown successfully in the sub-arctic especially with regards to warming air temperatures. Sustainable local food production offers flexible and innovative opportunities for communities to promote social capital, healthy lifestyles, adaptation and resilience, while helping to enhance the benefits that a warmer climate can offer.
Christine Barbeau; Maren Oelbermann; Leonard Tsuji; Jim Karagatzides. Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: The Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Crops for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a First Nation Community in the Canadian Sub-Arctic. Proceedings of The 4th World Sustainability Forum 2014, 1 .
AMA StyleChristine Barbeau, Maren Oelbermann, Leonard Tsuji, Jim Karagatzides. Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: The Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Crops for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a First Nation Community in the Canadian Sub-Arctic. Proceedings of The 4th World Sustainability Forum. 2014; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Barbeau; Maren Oelbermann; Leonard Tsuji; Jim Karagatzides. 2014. "Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: The Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Crops for Improved Food Security and Resilience in a First Nation Community in the Canadian Sub-Arctic." Proceedings of The 4th World Sustainability Forum , no. : 1.
Christine D. Barbeau; Yukari Hori; William A. Gough; Jim D. Karagatzides; Daniel D. McCarthy; Don Cowan; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. The Potential Use of an Interactive Web-based Informatics Tool to Decrease the Incidence of Human-polar Bear Encounters Along the Western James Bay Coast of Ontario, Canada. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 2013, 8, 113 -127.
AMA StyleChristine D. Barbeau, Yukari Hori, William A. Gough, Jim D. Karagatzides, Daniel D. McCarthy, Don Cowan, Leonard J. S. Tsuji. The Potential Use of an Interactive Web-based Informatics Tool to Decrease the Incidence of Human-polar Bear Encounters Along the Western James Bay Coast of Ontario, Canada. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society. 2013; 8 (5):113-127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine D. Barbeau; Yukari Hori; William A. Gough; Jim D. Karagatzides; Daniel D. McCarthy; Don Cowan; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. 2013. "The Potential Use of an Interactive Web-based Informatics Tool to Decrease the Incidence of Human-polar Bear Encounters Along the Western James Bay Coast of Ontario, Canada." The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 8, no. 5: 113-127.
Nadia A. Charania; N Cowan; Christine D. Barbeau; Leonard J. S. Tsuji; Daniel D. McCarthy. Developing a Collaborative Health Informatics System to Foster Inter-agency Collaboration and Communication during Public Health Emergencies: Remote and Isolated First Nation Communities of Sub-arctic Ontario, Canada. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 2012, 7, 75 -92.
AMA StyleNadia A. Charania, N Cowan, Christine D. Barbeau, Leonard J. S. Tsuji, Daniel D. McCarthy. Developing a Collaborative Health Informatics System to Foster Inter-agency Collaboration and Communication during Public Health Emergencies: Remote and Isolated First Nation Communities of Sub-arctic Ontario, Canada. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society. 2012; 7 (4):75-92.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNadia A. Charania; N Cowan; Christine D. Barbeau; Leonard J. S. Tsuji; Daniel D. McCarthy. 2012. "Developing a Collaborative Health Informatics System to Foster Inter-agency Collaboration and Communication during Public Health Emergencies: Remote and Isolated First Nation Communities of Sub-arctic Ontario, Canada." The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 7, no. 4: 75-92.
Christine D. Barbeau; Nadia A. Charania; Andrea D. Isogai; Daniel D. McCarthy; Don Cowan; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Fostering Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Environmental Change in Sub-Arctic First Nations: The Use of Collaborative Geomatics, an Interactive, Web-based Informatics Tool. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 2011, 7, 117 -134.
AMA StyleChristine D. Barbeau, Nadia A. Charania, Andrea D. Isogai, Daniel D. McCarthy, Don Cowan, Leonard J. S. Tsuji. Fostering Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Environmental Change in Sub-Arctic First Nations: The Use of Collaborative Geomatics, an Interactive, Web-based Informatics Tool. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society. 2011; 7 (3):117-134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine D. Barbeau; Nadia A. Charania; Andrea D. Isogai; Daniel D. McCarthy; Don Cowan; Leonard J. S. Tsuji. 2011. "Fostering Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Environmental Change in Sub-Arctic First Nations: The Use of Collaborative Geomatics, an Interactive, Web-based Informatics Tool." The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge, and Society 7, no. 3: 117-134.