Tower crane safety governance is an important issue related to the sustainable development of China’s construction industry. The complex collaborative relationship among stakeholders determines the efficiency of tower crane safety governance. From the perspective of social networks, this study constructs a collaborative governance structure model of tower crane safety from four dimensions, i.e., transaction, supervision, dependency, and communication, and analyzes the structural characteristics of tower crane safety collaborative governance and the mutual relationship among stakeholders. The results show that the tower crane safety governance process has a strong collaborative effect, but that collaboration in terms of supervision and communication among stakeholders is currently poor. The tower crane property owner occupies the core position, so their decisions have a great impact on tower crane safety. The power of the government is too large, and the power of supervision is too small, which affects the collaboration enthusiasm of other stakeholders, thus reducing the overall collaboration efficiency. The findings provide theoretical support for tower crane safety management in the construction industry in China. The social network perspective presented in this study can be applied to clarify relationships among stakeholders in other construction safety governance fields.

Efficient sign layouts play a crucial role in guiding driving in underground construction caverns and enhancing transportation safety. Previous studies have primarily focused on evaluating drivers’ gaze behavior in tunnels to optimize individual traffic sign layouts. However, the lack of a theoretical framework for visual perception of visual capture and information conveyed by sign groups hinders the measurement of drivers’ comprehensive visual perception and the layout optimization of sign groups. To address this gap, this study introduces a calculation method for sign group information volume and a visual cognition model, establishing a comprehensive evaluation approach for sign group visual cognition. Eye movement data, collected using eye-tracking technology, were utilized to evaluate the comprehensive visual perception and optimize the layout of sign groups. The findings indicate that a low information volume fails to enhance recognition ability and alleviate the psychological burden. Conversely, excessive information may result in overlooking signs positioned on the left and top. Furthermore, drivers are unable to improve cognitive efficiency and driving safety even with self-regulation when faced with an information volume exceeding 120 bits within a 100 m span. Overall, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in promoting the long-term safety effect of temporary signage layouts in underground construction areas.

Prolonged driving is necessary in underground construction caverns to transport materials, muck, and personnel, exposing drivers to high-risk and complex environments. Despite previous studies on attention and gaze prediction at tunnel exit-inlet areas, a significant gap remains due to the neglect of dual influences of long-distance driving and complex cues. To address this gap, this study establishes an experimental scenario in a construction environment, utilizing eye-tracking and simulated driving to collect drivers’ eye movement data. An analysis method is proposed to explore the visual change trend by examining the evolution of attention and calculating the possibility of visual cues being perceived at different driving stages to identify the attentional selection mechanism. The findings reveal that as driving time increases, fixation time decreases, saccade amplitude increases, and some fixations transform into unconscious saccades. Moreover, a phenomenon of “visual adaptation” occurs over time, reducing visual sensitivity to environmental information. At the start of driving, colorful stimuli and safety-related information compete for visual resources, while safety-related signs, particularly warning signs, always attract drivers’ attention. However, signs around intense light are often ignored. This study provides a scientific basis for transport safety in the construction environment of underground caverns.

With the completion of the Three Gorges Project, the supergiant water resources and hydropower construction has entered a new time. However there still are many problems in supergiant water resources and hydropower construction, especially in emergency management. The paper mainly study on the development of emergency management system in the supergiant water resources and hydropower construction, including the function module and the system architecture of the emergency management system. The paper presents a platform which has the complete function module and the advanced system architecture. It can provide guidance and assistance for many water resources and hydropower companies.

Large-scale urbanization in China has altered land surface characteristics, affected climate and hydrological cycles, and changed the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation. The combined effects of global warming and the urban heat island effect have further intensified changes in urban rainfall patterns. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the spatiotemporal evolution of precipitation under China’s rapid urbanization process in order to reduce multiple disaster risks. To achieve this, historical precipitation data and multisource remote sensing imagery were integrated to construct a spatiotemporal coupling model for analyzing the relationship between urbanization patterns and precipitation distribution in China. In addition, combined with the background of global climate change, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of annual, monthly, and seasonal precipitation were investigated. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) China still has great potential for urbanization and economic development and is currently in a new stage of rapid growth; (2) During 1992–2020, the national area proportion receiving annual precipitation of (200, 400] mm decreased by approximately 0.12 percentage points per year, whereas the area proportion receiving (400, 800] mm increased by approximately 0.11 percentage points per year, indicating a measurable shift toward wetter precipitation conditions; (3) Heavy rainfall events in China are expected to increase in the future, mainly occurring from June to August, with a maximum monthly precipitation reaching 1137.9 mm; (4) Urbanization may be one of the important factors associated with precipitation changes in China, with 2008 identified as a key turning point, when the urbanization rate approached 50% and began to exhibit a preliminary scale effect.