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Water is vital not only for food, energy and sanitation but also for ecosystem functioning, human health, socio-economic progress and poverty reduction. Water security exists when all people have physical and economical access to sufficient, safe, and clean water that meets basic needs. However, water security is threatened by growing human population, episodic environmental disasters, indiscriminate land management practices, contaminants, and escalation in geopolitical conflicts. <3% of the estimated 1.4 billion cubic kilometers of water on earth is available for consumption. Although there exist a range of laboratory and field methods for measuring the chemical, physical and biological properties of water, the information available to the public remains inconsistent and patchy. To this end, we advance a new theory of a single-value objective water quality index (WQI) that considers the interaction between the above properties, to provide concise information for source water quality surveillance and monitoring. Although geospatial technologies such as remote sensing is credited as a high frequency spatiotemporal mapping tool, exiguous information is available on its application for constructing single-value WQIs. Besides, no remote sensing device exists that directly measures water quality, which must indirectly be inferred through modeling sensed remote sensing signals with measured water properties. This review not only highlights the water security conundrum but also provides an overview of methods for integrating geolocated qualitative (e.g., management data) with quantitative (i.e., measured water constituent properties) into a WQI.
Vincent De Paul Obade; Richard Moore. Synthesizing water quality indicators from standardized geospatial information to remedy water security challenges: A review. Environment International 2018, 119, 220 -231.
AMA StyleVincent De Paul Obade, Richard Moore. Synthesizing water quality indicators from standardized geospatial information to remedy water security challenges: A review. Environment International. 2018; 119 ():220-231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincent De Paul Obade; Richard Moore. 2018. "Synthesizing water quality indicators from standardized geospatial information to remedy water security challenges: A review." Environment International 119, no. : 220-231.
The growth of plants and insects occurs only above a minimum temperature threshold. In insects, the growth rate depends on the temperature above the threshold up to a maximum. In plants the growth rate above the threshold generally depends on the availability of sunlight. Thus, the relative growth rates of crops and insect phytophages are expected to differ between temperature regimes. We should therefore expect insect pest pressure at a location to change with climate warming. In this study, we used actual and simulated climate data developed for the IPCC 4th Assessment Report to drive linked plant and insect growth models to examine likely changes in insect-crop interaction. Projections of insect-crop dynamics through the 21st century suggest increases in pest pressure over much of the American Midwest, which could result in substantial increases in pesticide use to maintain productivity. Thus, climate warming could cause an increase in agriculture’s carbon footprint.
R. A. J. Taylor; Daniel A. Herms; John Cardina; Richard H. Moore. Climate Change and Pest Management: Unanticipated Consequences of Trophic Dislocation. Agronomy 2018, 8, 7 .
AMA StyleR. A. J. Taylor, Daniel A. Herms, John Cardina, Richard H. Moore. Climate Change and Pest Management: Unanticipated Consequences of Trophic Dislocation. Agronomy. 2018; 8 (1):7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. A. J. Taylor; Daniel A. Herms; John Cardina; Richard H. Moore. 2018. "Climate Change and Pest Management: Unanticipated Consequences of Trophic Dislocation." Agronomy 8, no. 1: 7.
Assessing the risks of agricultural management practices on agro-ecosystem sustainability has special relevance in Ohio, USA due to the states prominence in agricultural production. However, identifying detrimental management practices remains controversial, a situation that may explain the inability to halt the recurring harmful algal blooms in inland waters, or the build-up of nutrients in the agricultural soils. Thus, detailed and accurate information is required to identify soils and water susceptible to degradation, and to support counteractive remedial measures. In this study soil and water spectral reflectance data were acquired with an Analytical Spectral Device, and modeled with laboratory measured physical and chemical properties using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and decision trees. Results reveal no site differences in pH for the water, but the differences in electrical conductivity (EC) were significant. Similarly, the pH for soils did not vary significantly with depth increments. However, the no till (NT) managed soils had significantly higher pH. EC varied with depth of the water, whereas the soil carbon: nitrogen (C/N) ratio varied with management in 4 out of 5 sites. Finally, this study shows that remotely sensed data can be utilized to effectively characterize agricultural management practices based on inherent soil and water properties, thus providing information critical for assessing the efficacy of Water Quality Trading initiatives.
Vincent De Paul Obade; Rattan Lal; Richard Moore. Assessing the Accuracy of Soil and Water Quality Characterization Using Remote Sensing. Water Resources Management 2014, 28, 5091 -5109.
AMA StyleVincent De Paul Obade, Rattan Lal, Richard Moore. Assessing the Accuracy of Soil and Water Quality Characterization Using Remote Sensing. Water Resources Management. 2014; 28 (14):5091-5109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincent De Paul Obade; Rattan Lal; Richard Moore. 2014. "Assessing the Accuracy of Soil and Water Quality Characterization Using Remote Sensing." Water Resources Management 28, no. 14: 5091-5109.
Richard H Moore. Sensitivity to Amish Photos. Anthropology News 1999, 40, 3 -3.
AMA StyleRichard H Moore. Sensitivity to Amish Photos. Anthropology News. 1999; 40 (9):3-3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRichard H Moore. 1999. "Sensitivity to Amish Photos." Anthropology News 40, no. 9: 3-3.