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This study was carried out to screen historical diversity panel of bread wheat against municipal wastewater (MW) and remediated wastewater (RW) irrigation to find tolerant and sensitive genotypes and their impact on yield attributes. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three water treatments, i.e., tap water (TW), RW, and MW. Yield attributes, health risk assessment, water and soil chemistry were recorded. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify tolerant and sensitive genotypes of wheat on the basis of metal accumulation. Metal accumulation in grains increased in pattern K > Fe > Zn in all irrigation treatments. Tolerant genotypes in MW showed lowest hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values (adults 0.62; children 0.67) for Fe and Zn as compared to sensitive genotypes (adults 1.53; children 1.70). However, HI values in sensitive and tolerant genotypes of RW were recorded < 1. Mean values of yield attributes, i.e., plant height, spike length, spikelet per spike, grains per plant, biological yield, grain yield, and thousand kernel weight, were recorded in pattern, i.e., MW > RW > TW. In this study, yield attributes and human health are affected in both cases of higher and lower concentration of Fe and Zn metal. It is suggested that tolerant genotypes can prove useful for cultivation in areas receiving MW and also provide molecular breeding opportunities for seeking tolerance against metal stresses.
Said Akbar; Zeshan Ali; Sadam Hussain; Ashiq Mohammad; Yousaf Riaz; Adnan Shakeel; Ijaz Ahmad; Maria Mussarat; Riffat Naseem Malik; Kiran Yasmin Khan; Muhammad Sohail; Umar Masood Quraishi. Metal accumulation potential, human health risks, and yield attributes of hundred bread wheat genotypes on irrigation with municipal and remediated wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleSaid Akbar, Zeshan Ali, Sadam Hussain, Ashiq Mohammad, Yousaf Riaz, Adnan Shakeel, Ijaz Ahmad, Maria Mussarat, Riffat Naseem Malik, Kiran Yasmin Khan, Muhammad Sohail, Umar Masood Quraishi. Metal accumulation potential, human health risks, and yield attributes of hundred bread wheat genotypes on irrigation with municipal and remediated wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaid Akbar; Zeshan Ali; Sadam Hussain; Ashiq Mohammad; Yousaf Riaz; Adnan Shakeel; Ijaz Ahmad; Maria Mussarat; Riffat Naseem Malik; Kiran Yasmin Khan; Muhammad Sohail; Umar Masood Quraishi. 2021. "Metal accumulation potential, human health risks, and yield attributes of hundred bread wheat genotypes on irrigation with municipal and remediated wastewater." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-15.
Current study explored the effects of municipal sewage (MS) irrigation on heavy metal phyto-accretion, biochemical responses and human health risks of diverse wheat genotypes along with recycled municipal sewage (RMS). Mean concentrations of PO43-, NO3--N, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, K, Co, Cu, Cd, Cr and Ni were found higher in MS than irrigation criteria. This led to significant increase in heavy metal contents in roots, stem and grains of MS irrigated wheat genotypes compared to RMS and control treatments. No adverse health risk effects for individual or multiple metals were recorded in RMS irrigated wheat genotypes on grounds of lowest heavy metal accumulation. Multivariate techniques i.e. principal component analyses (PCA) and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analyses (HACA) identified tolerant (inefficient metal accumulators) and sensitive (efficient metal accumulators) wheat genotypes in MS and RMS. Tolerant wheat genotypes showed lowest accumulation of heavy metals, efficient biochemical mechanisms to combat oxidative stress and lower health risks to adults/children. Cultivation of identified tolerant wheat genotypes is recommended in areas receiving municipal wastes to reduce human and environmental health risks. Moreover, genetic potential of identified tolerant wheat genotypes from MS and RMS can be utilized in breeding heavy metal tolerant wheat germplasm worldwide.
Zeshan Ali; Ashiq Mohammad; Yousaf Riaz; Adnan Shakeel; Kiran Yasmin Khan; Umar Masood Quraishi; Riffat Naseem Malik. Heavy metal phyto-accretion, biochemical responses and non-carcinogenic human health risks of genetically diverse wheat genotypes cultivated with sewage of municipal origin. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2020, 1 -13.
AMA StyleZeshan Ali, Ashiq Mohammad, Yousaf Riaz, Adnan Shakeel, Kiran Yasmin Khan, Umar Masood Quraishi, Riffat Naseem Malik. Heavy metal phyto-accretion, biochemical responses and non-carcinogenic human health risks of genetically diverse wheat genotypes cultivated with sewage of municipal origin. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 2020; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeshan Ali; Ashiq Mohammad; Yousaf Riaz; Adnan Shakeel; Kiran Yasmin Khan; Umar Masood Quraishi; Riffat Naseem Malik. 2020. "Heavy metal phyto-accretion, biochemical responses and non-carcinogenic human health risks of genetically diverse wheat genotypes cultivated with sewage of municipal origin." International Journal of Phytoremediation , no. : 1-13.
This research was designed to elucidate the role of exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing bacterial strains for the amelioration of drought stress in wheat. Bacterial strains were isolated from a farmer’s field in the arid region of Pakistan. Out of 24 isolated stains, two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis (Accession No. MT742976) and Azospirillum brasilense (Accession No. MT742977) were selected, based on their ability to produce EPS and withstand drought stress. Both bacterial strains produced a good amount of EPS and osmolytes and exhibited drought tolerance individually, however, a combination of these strains produced higher amounts of EPS (sugar 6976 µg/g, 731.5 µg/g protein, and 1.1 mg/g uronic acid) and osmolytes (proline 4.4 µg/mg and sugar 79 µg/mg) and significantly changed the level of stress-induced phytohormones (61%, 49% and 30% decrease in Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Gibberellic Acid (GA), and Cytokinin (CK)) respectively under stress, but an increase of 27.3% in Abscisic acid (ABA) concentration was observed. When inoculated, the combination of these strains improved seed germination, seedling vigor index, and promptness index by 18.2%, 23.7%, and 61.5% respectively under osmotic stress (20% polyethylene glycol, PEG6000). They also promoted plant growth in a pot experiment with an increase of 42.9%, 29.8%, and 33.7% in shoot length, root length, and leaf area, respectively. Physiological attributes of plants were also improved by bacterial inoculation showing an increase of 39.8%, 61.5%, and 45% in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid content respectively, as compared to control. Inoculations of bacterial strains also increased the production of osmolytes such asproline, amino acid, sugar, and protein by 30%, 23%, 68%, and 21.7% respectively. Co-inoculation of these strains enhanced the production of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 35.1%, catalase (CAT) by 77.4%, and peroxidase (POD) by 40.7%. Findings of the present research demonstrated that EPS, osmolyte, stress hormones, and antioxidant enzyme-producing bacterial strains impart drought tolerance in wheat and improve its growth, morphological attributes, physiological parameters, osmolytes production, and increase antioxidant enzymes.
Noshin Ilyas; Komal Mumtaz; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Wajiha Khan; Hesham Enshasy; Daniel Dailin; Elsayed Elsayed; Zeshan Ali. Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8876 .
AMA StyleNoshin Ilyas, Komal Mumtaz, Nosheen Akhtar, Humaira Yasmin, R. Sayyed, Wajiha Khan, Hesham Enshasy, Daniel Dailin, Elsayed Elsayed, Zeshan Ali. Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8876.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoshin Ilyas; Komal Mumtaz; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Wajiha Khan; Hesham Enshasy; Daniel Dailin; Elsayed Elsayed; Zeshan Ali. 2020. "Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8876.
The present study aimed to reveal the impact of the stay-green trait in bread wheat under terminal heat stress. Field experiments (early and late sowing; for two consecutive years) were conducted to investigate the influence of terminal heat stress on the morpho-physiological traits in different stay-green types i.e., non-stay-green, moderately non-stay-green, moderately stay-green, and stay-green. In addition, the greenhouse experiment was performed to dissect the stay-green trait in functional stay-green, non-functional stay-green, and non-stay-green genotypes. The results of the field experiments confirmed that genotypes exhibiting the stay-green trait have a significantly high chlorophyll content, normalized difference vegetative index, grain yield, biological yield, kernel weight, and low canopy temperature under control and heat stress conditions. In the greenhouse experiment, functional stay-green and non-functional stay-green genotypes showed a high chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency, whereas biological yield and grain yield showed a significant relation with the functional stay-green genotype under control and terminal heat stress treatments. The sequencing and expression analysis of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CaO), light-harvesting complex (Cab), stay-green (SGR), and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCCR) in functional stay-green, non-functional stay-green, and non-stay-green genotypes revealed variations in the exons of CaO and RCCR; and significant difference in the regulation of CaO and Cab at 7 days after anthesis under terminal heat stress. This study confirms that genotypes displaying the stay-green trait can aid wheat breeders to cope with increasing temperature in the impending decades.
Sadia Latif; Liping Wang; Jahangir Khan; Zeshan Ali; Sunish Kumar Sehgal; Ali Babar; Jianping Wang; Umar Masood Quraishi. Deciphering the Role of Stay-Green Trait to Mitigate Terminal Heat Stress in Bread Wheat. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1001 .
AMA StyleSadia Latif, Liping Wang, Jahangir Khan, Zeshan Ali, Sunish Kumar Sehgal, Ali Babar, Jianping Wang, Umar Masood Quraishi. Deciphering the Role of Stay-Green Trait to Mitigate Terminal Heat Stress in Bread Wheat. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):1001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadia Latif; Liping Wang; Jahangir Khan; Zeshan Ali; Sunish Kumar Sehgal; Ali Babar; Jianping Wang; Umar Masood Quraishi. 2020. "Deciphering the Role of Stay-Green Trait to Mitigate Terminal Heat Stress in Bread Wheat." Agronomy 10, no. 7: 1001.