New Ni (II) and Cu (II) complexes with pyridoxal-semicarbazone were synthesized and their structures were solved by X-ray crystallography. This analysis showed the bis-ligand octahedral structure of [Ni(PLSC-H)₂]·H₂O and the dimer octahedral structure of [Cu(PLSC)(SO₄)(H₂O)]₂·2H₂O. Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed to determine the most important intermolecular interactions in the crystallographic structures. The structures of both complexes were further examined using density functional theory and natural bond orbital analysis. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in the presence of both compounds was investigated. Both compounds were active toward E. coli and S. aureus, with a minimum inhibition concentration similar to that of chloramphenicol. The obtained complexes led to the formation of free radical species, as was demonstrated in an experiment with dichlorofluorescein-diacetate. It is postulated that this is the mechanistic pathway of the antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. Cyclic voltammograms of the compounds showed the peaks of the reduction of metal ions. A molecular docking study showed that the Ni(II) complex exhibited promising activity towards Janus kinase (JAK), as a potential therapy for inflammatory diseases, cancers, and immunologic disorders.

Although supported bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Pd NPs) demonstrate outstanding efficiency, challenges appear for carbon supported small and stable bimetallic nanoparticles used in liquid-phase reactions. In this work, Au-Pd NPs were supported on two types of carbon nanotubes: CNTs decorated covalently with carboxylic acid groups (O-CNTs) and non-covalently with the conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) polymer (P-CNTs). The Au-Pd NPs were prepared using the sol immobilization approach on the functionalized CNTs, and the effect of the utilized functionalization method on the properties of the immobilized metallic nanoparticles and the performance of the nanocomposite catalysts was investigated. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalytic performance of Au-Pd/O-CNTs and Au-Pd/P-CNTs was exploited for the oxidation of both cyclooctene and benzyl alcohol. Oxidation and polymer decoration directly led to an enhancement in the performance of CNTs catalysts. The nanocomposite catalyst with oxidized CNTs (Au-Pd/O-CNTs) was also found to be much more efficient and robust than that with polymer decorated CNTs (Au-Pd/P-CNTs). The enhancement in the oxidation of both cyclooctene and benzyl alcohol on Au-Pd/O-CNTs is attributed to the well-dispersed and smaller Au-Pd NPs as active sites on the surface of O-CNTs as compared to the P-CNTs surface.

In this research, the optimization of the electrochemical advanced oxidation treatment for the degradation of Clopidogrel was investigated. This study examined the influence of various experimental parameters including applied current, initial Clopidogrel concentration, and ferrous ion concentration by the use of the Doehlert design within a response surface methodology framework. The improved grey wolf optimizer was applied in order to define the optimum operating conditions. The monitoring of clopidogrel concentration during treatment revealed that complete disappearance of clopidogrel was achieved under an initial clopidogrel concentration of 0.02 mM, current intensity of 0.55 A, Fe²⁺concentration of 0.7 mM, and a reaction time of 20 min in a solution containing 50 mM Na₂SO₄ at pH 3. A quadratic polynomial model was developed, and its statistical significance was confirmed through the analysis of variance, demonstrating a high level of confidence in the model (R² = 0.98 and p-value < 0.05). Furthermore, following electrolysis treatment for 480 min, the synthetic clopidogrel solutions underwent mineralization, achieving a 70.4% removal rate of total organic carbon. Subsequently, the applicability of the optimized process was tested on real pharmaceutical wastewater, and mineralization was investigated under the identified optimal conditions, resulting in a total organic carbon removal rate of 87% after 480 min of electrolysis time. The energy consumption for this system was calculated to be 1.4 kWh·kg⁻¹ of the total organic carbon removed. These findings underscore the effectiveness and potential applicability of the electrochemical advanced oxidation for industrial wastewater treatment.

In this paper, we study a fractional Brusselator reaction–diffusion model with the help of the residual power series transform method. Specific reaction–diffusion chemical processes are modeled by applying the fractional Brusselator reaction–diffusion model. It should be mentioned that many problems in nonlinear science are characterized by fractional differential equations, where an unknown term occurs when a fractional-order derivative is operating on it. The analytic method of this problem is rarely discussed in the literature, despite numerous scholars having researched its application and usefulness. To validate our proposed method’s accuracy, we compare the numerical results of the residual power series transform method and the exact result with different fractional orders. The solution shows that the introduced approach is a good tool for solving linear and nonlinear fractional system differential equations. Finally, we provide two and three-dimensional graphical plots to support the impact of the fractional derivative on the behavior of the achieved profile results to the proposed equations.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using natural compounds derived from plant kingdom is currently used as safe and low-cost technique for nanoparticles synthesis with important abilities to inhibit multidrug resistant microorganisms (MDR). ESKAPE pathogens, especially MDR ones, are widely spread in hospital and intensive care units. In the present study, AgNPs using Ducrosia flabellifolia aqueous extract were synthesized using a reduction method. The green synthesized D. flabellifolia-AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction assays. The tested D. flabellifolia aqueous extract was tested for its chemical composition using Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Anti-quorum sensing and anti-ESKAPE potential of D. flabellifolia-AgNPs was also performed. Results from LC-ESI-MS technique revealed the identification of chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid as main phytoconstituents. Indeed, the characterization of newly synthetized D. flabellifolia-AgNPs revealed spherical shape with mean particle size about 16.961±2.914 nm. Bio-reduction of silver was confirmed by the maximum surface plasmon resonance of D. flabellifolia-AgNPs at 430 nm. Newly synthetized D. flabellifolia-AgNPs were found to possess important anti-ESKAPE activity with low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.078 to 0.312 mg/mL, and low minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) varying from 0.312 to 0.625 mg/mL. Moreover, D. flabellifolia-AgNPs were active against Candida utilis ATCC 9255, C. tropicalis ATCC 1362, and C. albicans ATCC 20402 with high mean diameter of growth inhibition at 5 mg/mL, low MICs, and minimal fungicidal concentrations values (MFCs). The newly synthetized D. flabellifolia-AgNPs were able to inhibit violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum, pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa starter strains. Hence, the newly synthesized silver nanoparticles using D. flabellifolia aqueous extract can be used as an effective alternative to combat ESKAPE microorganisms. These silver nanoparticles can attenuate virulence of Gram-negative bacteria by interfering with the quorum sensing system and inhibiting cell-to-cell communication.