Fiber-reinforced additive manufacturing components have been used in various industrial applications in recent years, including in the production of aerospace, automobile, and biomedical components. Compared to conventional methods, additive manufacturing (AM) methods can be used to obtainin lighter parts with superior mechanical properties with lower setup costs and the ability to design more complex parts. Additionally, the fabrication of onyx composites using the conventional method can result in delamination, which is a significant issue during composite machining. To address these shortcomings, the fabrication of onyx composites via additive manufacturing with the Mark forged 3D-composite printer was considered. Machinability tests were conducted using abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) with various drilling diameters, traverse speeds, and abrasive mass flow rates. These parameters were optimized using Taguchi analysis and then validated using the Genetic algorithm (GA) and the Moth Flame Optimization algorithm (MFO). The surface morphology (D_max) and the roughness of the drilled holes were determined using a vision measuring machine with 2D software (MITUTOYO v5.0) and a contact-type surface roughness tester. Confirmation testing demonstrated that the predicted values werenearly identical to the experimental standards. During the drilling of an onyx polymer composite, regression models, genetic algorithms and the Moth-Flame Optimization algorithm were used to estimate the response surface of delamination damage and surface roughness.

The present article investigates the fabrication of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic stainless steel (FSS). Three different ODS alloys with three different Al contents were fabricated, where the presence of Al-based oxides play a crucial role in determining the size of the oxide particles. Due to Ostwald ripening, the samples with Al show coarser oxide particles compared to the alloy without Al, which hampers the density of the fabricated samples and, hence, have reduced hardness levels. The present results suggest that the composition of the oxide present in ODS plays a crucial role in determining the properties of these samples.

Nowadays, synthetic fibres are replaced with hybrid composite fibres which consist of low energy production, biodegradability, resource renewability, less hazardous and easy handling of manufactured composites. The present work focuses on the effect of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) particles by varying the percentage concentration (0 wt %, 2 wt % and 4 wt %) in the flax-jute-epoxy composite materials. The MCC particle is mixed with epoxy resin as matrix material and flax-jute fibres as reinforcements in the composite panels fabricated using the vacuum bagging method. The tensile, flexural, impact, hardness and thermogravimetric tests were performed on the fabricated composite panels per the ASTM standard. The experimental results show that with the addition of 2 wt % MCC particle, sample 2 has higher tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength than sample 1 (0 wt % MCC) and sample 3 (4 wt % MCC). It can be noted that due to the addition of MCC particles, overall mechanical properties improved as a result of good interfacial bonding between matrix and fibres which are evident through SEM analysis. Similarly, thermal stability of the composites also improved in the flax-jute hybrid fibre composites particularly in 2 wt % MCC.

The oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels are one of the most important in fuel cladding materials for 4th Generation nuclear reactors because of their excellent mechanical properties such as irradiation resistance, swelling resistance, and elevated temperature tensile/compressive strength. Mechanical alloying (MA) is one of the most promising routes for developing nanocrystalline ferritic ODS steel materials. For the production of nanocrystalline ferritic ODS steel powders, the most influencing factor is the milling speed and milling time during the mechanical alloying process. With the improper selection of milling time and speed, the final milled powders become an amorphous structure consisting of high impurity inclusions in the microstructure, and strength was also affected. In order to overcome these drawbacks, the present investigation was taken into account for the selection of appropriate mechanical milling speed and time, which was optimized through Taguchi analysis followed by the MA process. The optimized mechanical milling speed and time of milled powders were characterized through X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).