Employees’ pro-environmental behaviors contribute to environmental sustainability. Drawing on social exchange theory, this research extends corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature by investigating the positive effect of perceived CSR on employees’ pro-environmental behaviors and exploring the mediating mechanisms of environmental consciousness and environmental commitment between perceived CSR and employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. Survey data were collected from 301 employees working in the textile manufacturing industry of Pakistan. The findings of this study demonstrate a positive direct impact of perceived CSR on pro-environmental behaviors. Moreover, environmental consciousness and environmental commitment mediated this relationship. Taken together, this study indicates that perceived CSR has three paths to impact employee pro-environmental behavior: direct effect, indirect effect via environmental consciousness, and indirect effect via environmental commitment. The contributions of this study include supporting social exchange theory and presenting pioneering evidence of environmental consciousness and environmental commitment mediating processes between perceived CSR and pro-environmental behaviors. This paper provides directions for future research and suggests practical implications for organizations.

This study aims to investigate how FinTech evolved over time in research using bibliometric analysis. First, 1359 publications particularly related to the field of FinTech, from 2010 to 2021, were collected from the Scopus database. This study analyzed the fundamental issues and characteristics of FinTech in research, such as the annual contribution of publication, hot in the press, and foci, using theme analysis, concurrence analysis, and timeline analysis of authors’ keywords. Second, prolific objects, such as journals, authors, institutions, countries, regions, and corresponding pivotal cooperative relationship mapping were used to present who leads considerable attention in FinTech research. Third, the citation structures of authors and journals were investigated, and presented the burst detection analysis of cited authors, journals, and references. Finally, combining the analysis results with the current financial environment, the challenges and future development opportunities are discussed further. This bibliometric analysis revealed an increasing annual publication trend, a shifting focus on financial inclusion, a dominance of authors from the USA, and a growing number of international collaborations and publications from different sources, indicating FinTech as a lively field with potential for further scientific enrichment. Accordingly, this comprehensive study of the FinTech documents not only reviews the current research characteristics and trajectories, but also helps scholars find the appropriate research entry-point and conduct in-depth research.

It is frequently asserted that high levels of economic growth are supported by economic freedom. For the period 1995-2021, this study examines the influence of the composed economic freedom index and several subcomponents of economic freedom on the economic growth of four South Asian economies, namely Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The Ordinary Least Squares, Random Effect Model, and Robust Least Squares approaches are utilized to estimate the composed and decomposed influence of economic freedom on economic growth. Robust Least Squares reflects the robustness of the connection between economic liberty and growth. According to the results of these tests, economic liberty has a strong and favorable stimulus on growth. When the different indicators of economic liberty are evaluated independently, we discovered that the magnitudes of most economic freedom indicators are significant. Conversely, monetary freedom contributes very little to economic expansion. The effects of government spending, public trust, and labor flexibility on economic expansion are hypothetical. The tax load hinders economic expansion in the economies under consideration. Property rights, freedom to do business, trade liberty, investment choice, and financial liberty all have a positive, strong, and sizeable stimulus on economic growth. The decomposed influence of each indicator of economic freedom will help develop policy choices.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for any economy to grow and succeed, as evidenced in the Pakistani context, where SMEs contribute 30% of the country’s GDP. The objective of this study is to link green servant leadership (GSL) to the pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) of employees, particularly in SMEs, which very few studies have investigated. Building on social learning theory (SLT), this study developed and tested the conceptual framework that examines the impact of GSL on PEB and the mediating role of environmental passion (EP) and climate for green creativity (CFGC) among employees of SMEs. Data were collected from 460 middle-line managers, and a structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was applied to test hypotheses. The main findings revealed that GSL is impacted by the PEB, while EP and CFGC mediated these relations. The study findings demonstrated that a GSL with strong practices and values towards the environment could have a significant impact on employees’ PEB. This study fills the research gaps in different ways: First, by identifying the role of GSL on the PEB of employees. Second, by examining the dual-mediation mechanism of EP and CFGC between GSL and PEB. Third, this study is focused on the economic context of a developing country. The study offers guidelines for establishing PEB in SMEs. Multiple training programmes and effective planning procedures can achieve this milestone. The administration of SMEs should also give special consideration to pro-environmental issues in its hiring and recruitment practices for managers and leaders.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the synergistic impact of workplace spirituality (WPS), responsible leadership (RL), and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) within the context of Pakistan’s Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) along with the mediating mechanism of Affective commitment (AC). Methods: Our study utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze survey data collected from 390 employees within Pakistani SMEs. We develop a single unified framework to test the hypothesized relationships between RL, PEB, and AC as a mediator. Results: Our results unveil significant positive relationships between WPS, RL, and PEB. Our findings endorse both the direct connections between WPS, RL, and PEB, as well as the mediating mechanisms through AC. This study offers novel insights into the influence of PEB in the context of Pakistan’s SMEs. Conclusion: The research significantly contributes to the existing literature by examining WPS, RL, PEB, and AC in the context of Pakistan’s SMEs. The study’s conclusions emphasize the potential benefits of integrating WPS and RL into business practices to encourage PEB. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of our research and suggest future avenues for further exploration in this vital area of sustainable business management.