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The objective of this research is to identify the level of general fatigue (FG), physical fatigue (FF) and concentration/motivation (C/M) in sports coaches. Two components of grit, consistency of interest (CI) and perseverance in effort (PE), are also assessed. The possible effects of sex, age, marital status, employment contract, work dedication and grit on FG, FF and C/M in sports coaches are examined. This cross-sectional study analyses 335 sports club coaches (21.2% women, 78.8% male) with a mean age of 29.88 (SD = 9.97) years, at a significance level of p< 0.05 for all analyses. Different aspects of fatigue were determined using the Spanish translation of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (IMF-20). The Grit-S scale was used to measure the ability to persevere, have passion and commit. The results indicated that men scored higher in FF, C/M and PE, while women obtained higher values in FG and CI. Non-contract coaches had higher FG, CI and PE, while coaches with contracts scored higher on C/M and FF. In conclusion, coaches with higher CI had higher FG, and high levels of PE were associated with low FG levels.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; José López-Gullón; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7414 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Cavas-García, José López-Gullón, Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (14):7414.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; José López-Gullón; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. 2021. "Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14: 7414.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the paralysis of the worldwide economy caused by the population’s lockdown to stop the virus spreading, making it difficult to do exercise. The aim of this study is to analyse the commitment to and feeling of insecurity related to practising sport, sports habits and the profile of the Spanish population during lockdown according to the level of addiction to exercise. The sample consisted of 1019 subjects with a mean age of 35 years old. The variables analysed were exercise addiction, commitment to and feeling of insecurity related to sport, and sport habits. Three groups were identified according to their addiction level to exercise: asymptomatic (n = 202), symptomatic (n = 756), and at risk of addiction (n = 61). The main results indicated that a higher addiction level was associated with a higher number of days and time spent on exercise per week. Six percent of the subjects were at addiction risk, and they had a lower feeling of insecurity towards sport. These findings provide information to governments on the need to promote physical activity programmes at home to promote adequate fitness and mental wellbeing in the population.
Rosendo Berengüí; José López-Gullón; Salvador Angosto. Physical Sports Activities and Exercise Addiction during Lockdown in the Spanish Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3119 .
AMA StyleRosendo Berengüí, José López-Gullón, Salvador Angosto. Physical Sports Activities and Exercise Addiction during Lockdown in the Spanish Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (6):3119.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRosendo Berengüí; José López-Gullón; Salvador Angosto. 2021. "Physical Sports Activities and Exercise Addiction during Lockdown in the Spanish Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 3119.
The current COVID-19 pandemic has paralysed whole countries, which have had to confine their entire population and this changed people’s lives worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the reasons for and the level of commitment to physical activity among the Spanish population during confinement and the return to the “new normal”. A sample of 1025 amateurs, 534 males and 491 females with an average age of 35 years old were interviewed using an online survey that collected their motives for practising sport and their commitment to physical activity. A cluster analysis combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods was performed, identifying three groups of amateurs: High Commitment (n = 650), Moderate Commitment (n = 324), and Low Commitment (n = 81). The main motives shown by the different groups were psychological motives related to an improved or managed general or emotional well-being. Regarding commitment, all the groups showed higher scores in enthusiasm for physical activity than affliction from sport. The variables referring to gender, educational level and sports habits showed differences that enabled the identification of the different groups. These findings highlight the importance of conducting segmentation studies that provide specific population profiles to improve the action strategies of governments and specialists.
Salvador Angosto; Rosendo Berengüí; José Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón. Motives and Commitment to Sport in Amateurs during Confinement: A Segmentation Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7398 .
AMA StyleSalvador Angosto, Rosendo Berengüí, José Miguel Vegara-Ferri, José María López-Gullón. Motives and Commitment to Sport in Amateurs during Confinement: A Segmentation Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvador Angosto; Rosendo Berengüí; José Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón. 2020. "Motives and Commitment to Sport in Amateurs during Confinement: A Segmentation Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7398.
Small-scale sports events are a good strategy for communities seeking to attract visitors and are one of the major attractions of sustainable sports tourism. The aim of this study to determine which factors influence the future intentions of the tourist involved in small-scale sports events. The sample was composed of 236 subjects who participated in a half-marathon in Spain. The results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) provide support for the applicability of the tourists’ perception questionnaire in the context of sports events. The results of both validity (convergent and discriminant) and reliability (internal consistency) analyses were satisfactory. The results indicated that this scale had 18 items distributed in six factors (communication, staff, electronic wordofmouth, destination image, satisfaction and future intentions). The proposal model revealed that satisfaction is a mediated factor between staff and destination image with future intentions of repeating the event. Electronic word of mouth and satisfaction were influencing factors that predicted the tourists’ future intentions. This finding suggests that this questionnaire can be a useful tool in measuring tourist perception on a small-scale sports events scale, allowing a better understanding of the reasons that lead a tourist to select a certain destination and sports event.
José Vegara-Ferri; José López-Gullón; Irena Valantine; Arturo Díaz Suárez; Salvador Angosto. Factors Influencing the Tourist’s Future Intentions in Small-Scale Sports Events. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8103 .
AMA StyleJosé Vegara-Ferri, José López-Gullón, Irena Valantine, Arturo Díaz Suárez, Salvador Angosto. Factors Influencing the Tourist’s Future Intentions in Small-Scale Sports Events. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Vegara-Ferri; José López-Gullón; Irena Valantine; Arturo Díaz Suárez; Salvador Angosto. 2020. "Factors Influencing the Tourist’s Future Intentions in Small-Scale Sports Events." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8103.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the social perception of older adults, resident in the host communities where the stage of “La Vuelta” 2019 starts or ends, identifying the possible existing groups and comparing the results before and during the event. Community support is a critical factor in ensuring the success of a major sports event and in generating a greater sense of community involvement. In order to analyze the social perception of the event, 521 older adults were interviewed using a questionnaire of 27 items. Data were collected online in the pre-event period and face-to-face in the on-site period using tablets. A t-test and cluster analysis was carried out to identify different residents’ opinions. The results showed an improvement in the perception of the positive and negative impacts in the in situ period with respect to the pre-event. Three clusters were identified (Positives, Moderates, Haters) with the Positives group being the most represented in each of the periods. The findings suggest that a high level of future intentions for positive behavior can benefit the intangible characteristics of the event and host communities, and that these population groups can better harness the tangible benefits of sports events.
José Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón; Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez; María Carboneros; Salvador Angosto. Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4010 .
AMA StyleJosé Miguel Vegara-Ferri, José María López-Gullón, Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez, María Carboneros, Salvador Angosto. Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón; Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez; María Carboneros; Salvador Angosto. 2020. "Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4010.