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Mr. Sewoong An
Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science

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0 Plant Factory
0 Transplant
0 Vegetable
0 Seedling

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Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in Sustainability
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The objective of this study was to develop a growth model for grafted hot pepper seedlings as affected by air temperature and light intensity. After grafted union formation, the hot pepper seedlings were cultivated in various environmental factors in terms of four levels, mean daily air temperature (17, 22, 27, and 32 °C) and 3 levels of light intensity (150, 350, and 550 μmol·m−2·s−1). The growth traits were measured 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after grafted union formation (DAGU). The plant height was improved, and development of leaves enhanced by higher air temperature. The number of leaves was greatest under the combination of the high temperature and high light intensity, resulting in 39.0/plant at 28 DAGU. The leaf area and dry weight showed 491.9 cm2/plant and 2.68 g/plant, respectively, at 28 DAGU under 32 °C air temperature and 550 μmol·m−2·s−1 light intensity. The changes of dry weight were rapidly increased under the higher air temperature and light intensity as followed by analysis of the growth curve. The beta distribution model was developed, and the relative growth rate (RGR) was simulated by the model, the maximum RGR was predicted at 0.116 g·g·d−1. The RGR showed 0.113, 0.127, and 0.109 g·g·d−1 at 10, 20, and 30 °C air temperature, respectively, and RGR was improved by 12% by increasing the air temperature by 10 °C, without going over 25 °C ADT. Results indicated that the developed growth model might be applied to optimal environmental control for maximized RGR of production of grafted hot pepper seedlings.

ACS Style

Yurina Kwack; Sewoong An; Sung Kim. Development of Growth Model for Grafted Hot Pepper Seedlings as Affected by Air Temperature and Light Intensity. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5895 .

AMA Style

Yurina Kwack, Sewoong An, Sung Kim. Development of Growth Model for Grafted Hot Pepper Seedlings as Affected by Air Temperature and Light Intensity. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5895.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yurina Kwack; Sewoong An; Sung Kim. 2021. "Development of Growth Model for Grafted Hot Pepper Seedlings as Affected by Air Temperature and Light Intensity." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5895.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Horticulturae
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Air temperature and light conditions are important factors not only to produce high-quality seedlings but also to promote energy efficiency in a plant factory with artificial lighting. In this study, we conducted two experiments in order to investigate the favorable conditions of air temperature, light intensity and photoperiod for the production of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a plant factory with artificial lighting. Cucumber scions and rootstocks were cultivated in two combined treatments: the combination of three different levels of difference between the day and night temperature (DIF), 25/20, 26/18 and 27/16 °C and five different light intensity conditions of photosynthetic photon flux, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol·m−2·s−1 was set for the first experiment, and the combination of three different photoperiod conditions, 12, 16 and 20 h·d−1 and five different light intensity conditions, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol·m−2·s−1 was set for the second experiment. In the air temperature and light intensity treatments, the hypocotyl elongation of cucumber scions and rootstocks was affected more largely by light intensity than DIF. The highest DIF treatment (27/16 °C) affected negatively on the accumulation of dry mass. On the contrary, the smallest DIF treatment (25/20 °C) was favorable for seedling growth due to lesser stress by rapid change of air temperature between photo- and dark-period. In the photoperiod and light intensity treatments, an increased DLI (daily light integral) promoted the growth of scions and rootstocks. Under the same DLI condition, the growth of scions and rootstocks increased with increasing photoperiod and decreasing light intensity. In both of experiments, while the dry weight increased with increasing the light intensity, the light use efficiencies were reduced by increasing the light intensity. Considering the growth and quality of seedlings and energy efficiency, the optimal environment conditions were represented by 25/20 °C of air temperature, 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 of light intensity and 16 h·d−1 of photoperiod.

ACS Style

Sewoong An; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun; Yoonah Jang; Hee Lee; Seung Wi; Kyung-Hwan Yeo; In-Ho Yu; Yurina Kwack. Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 102 .

AMA Style

Sewoong An, Hyunseung Hwang, Changhoo Chun, Yoonah Jang, Hee Lee, Seung Wi, Kyung-Hwan Yeo, In-Ho Yu, Yurina Kwack. Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Horticulturae. 2021; 7 (5):102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sewoong An; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun; Yoonah Jang; Hee Lee; Seung Wi; Kyung-Hwan Yeo; In-Ho Yu; Yurina Kwack. 2021. "Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting." Horticulturae 7, no. 5: 102.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Horticulturae
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Although light-emitting diode (LED) lamps have been broadly applied in horticultural production to improve plant yield and quality, compared to natural light there is a disadvantage in the lack of far-red light in the LED spectrum. Far-red light has been studied widely to control plant growth and development. Therefore, this study aimed to find the effect of supplemental far-red-enriched LED lights to control the growth of tomato, red pepper, cucumber, gourd, watermelon and bottle gourd seedlings. The treatments were cool white LED:far-red LED at ratios of 5:0, 5:1, 5:2 and 5:3. The growth of tomato and red pepper seedlings, including hypocotyl length, was correlated to far-red light and light intensity. The phytochrome photostationary state (PSS) value of maximum hypocotyl length by supplemental far-red-enriched light ranged from 0.69 to 0.77 in tomato and red pepper seedlings. Although hypocotyl lengths of cucumber and watermelon were greatly affected by PSS, the PSS value for maximum hypocotyl length was lower than for tomato and red pepper. These results show that manipulating supplemental far-red enrichment can be used to control vegetable seedling growth with some variation among plant species.

ACS Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Byungkwan Lee; Changhoo Chun. Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 109 .

AMA Style

Hyunseung Hwang, Sewoong An, Byungkwan Lee, Changhoo Chun. Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Byungkwan Lee; Changhoo Chun. 2020. "Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 109.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in Agronomy
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Irrigation scheduling and programming are very effective tools for efficient water use in a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL). In order to confirm optimal irrigation schemes for the production of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a PFAL, in this study, four different start points of irrigation were applied by measuring the weight of the plug tray to compare the growth of cucumber scions and rootstocks cultivated in a PFAL. Additionally, the growth characteristics of cucumber seedlings grafted with scions and rootstocks cultivated between in a greenhouse and in a PFAL were investigated. Although the growth of cucumber scions and rootstocks was highest when irrigation was conducted at 70% of water content in a medium, the growth of grafted cucumber seedlings before and after transplanting was not significantly different among the irrigation treatments in a PFAL. However, water use efficiency (WUE) during cucumber scions and rootstock production in a PFAL was higher at 60% than at 70%. Considering seedling growth and the efficiency of irrigation such as WUE and irrigation schedule, the optimal start point of irrigation during the production of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a PFAL was determined as 60% of water content in a medium. When the optimal irrigation regime was applied to the production of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a PFAL, the morphological characteristics of cucumber scions and rootstocks cultivated in a PFAL were more suitable for grafting compared with that of the cucumber scions and rootstocks cultivated conventionally in a greenhouse. The favorable environmental conditions during the cultivation of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a PFAL also positively affected the flowering response of cucumber grafted seedlings after transplanting.

ACS Style

Sewoong An; Seon Woo Park; Yurina Kwack. Growth of Cucumber Scions, Rootstocks, and Grafted Seedlings as Affected by Different Irrigation Regimes during Cultivation of ‘Joenbaekdadagi’ and ‘Heukjong’ Seedlings in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1943 .

AMA Style

Sewoong An, Seon Woo Park, Yurina Kwack. Growth of Cucumber Scions, Rootstocks, and Grafted Seedlings as Affected by Different Irrigation Regimes during Cultivation of ‘Joenbaekdadagi’ and ‘Heukjong’ Seedlings in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):1943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sewoong An; Seon Woo Park; Yurina Kwack. 2020. "Growth of Cucumber Scions, Rootstocks, and Grafted Seedlings as Affected by Different Irrigation Regimes during Cultivation of ‘Joenbaekdadagi’ and ‘Heukjong’ Seedlings in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 1943.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2020 in Sustainability
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Understanding environmental factors is essential to maximizing the biomass production of plants. There have been many studies on the effects of the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), photoperiod and air temperature as separate factors affecting plants, including under a closed transplant production system (CTPS). However, few studies have investigated the combined effects of these factors on plant growth. Germinated tomato and red pepper seedlings were transferred to three different photoperiods with five different photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPFs) at an air temperature of 25/20 °C to investigate plant growth under a different daily light integral (DLI). Three different air temperatures, 23/20, 25/20, and 27/20 °C (photo/dark periods), with five different PPFs were used to examine plant growth under different DIFs (difference between the day and night temperature). Increasing the DLI from 4.32 to 21.60 mol·m−2·d−1, either by increasing the photoperiod or PPF, improved the growth of seedlings in both cultivars. However, when comparing treatments that provided the same DLI, tomato seedlings had s significantly higher growth when grown under longer photoperiods and s lower PPF. Even in higher DLI conditions, reduced growth due to higher PPF indicated that excessive light energy was a limiting factor. At 23 and 25 °C, tomato seedlings showed similar correlation curves between growth and PPF. However, at the higher temperature of 27 °C, while the slope of the curve at low PPFs was similar to that of the curves at lower temperatures, the slope at high PPFs was flatter. On the other hand, red pepper seedlings displayed the same correlation curve between growth and PPF at all tested temperatures, and red pepper plants accumulated more dry weight even at higher temperatures. These results suggested that the combination effect was more useful to observe these overall tendencies, especially in reacting to a second factor. This will provide us with more information and a deeper understanding of plant characteristics and how they will behave under changing environments.

ACS Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Minh Pham; Meiyan Cui; Changhoo Chun. The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9939 .

AMA Style

Hyunseung Hwang, Sewoong An, Minh Pham, Meiyan Cui, Changhoo Chun. The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):9939.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Minh Pham; Meiyan Cui; Changhoo Chun. 2020. "The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 9939.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Agronomy
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The aim of this study was to develop and validate growth and photosynthetic models of Kimchi cabbages under extreme temperature conditions at different growth stages. Kimchi cabbage plants were subjected to low and high air temperatures 7–10 days after transplanting (DAT) and 40–43 DAT using extreme weather simulators. Except during these periods, the air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation were set according to previous meteorological data. The experiments were performed over two years: in the first year, data were used to develop the models; the second-year experimental data were used for validation. The growth parameters and relative growth rate of Kimchi cabbage decreased due to low and high air temperature treatments. Photosynthetic CO2 response curves, which were measured using a portable gas exchange system, were used to calculate three biochemical parameters from measured data: photochemical efficiency, carboxylation conductance, and dark respiration. These parameters were used to develop the photosynthetic models (modified Thornley’s models) representing predictions of net photosynthetic rate by CO2 concentration and growth stage. The simulated photosynthetic rate with extreme high temperature treatment (35/31 °C) was 19.7 μmol m−2 s−1 which was evaluated approximately 3% deduction compared with control. Results of this study indicate that the growth and photosynthetic models developed here could be applied to evaluate retarded growth and net photosynthetic rate under extreme temperature conditions.

ACS Style

Seung Hwan Wi; Hee Ju Lee; Sewoong An; Sung Kyeom Kim. Evaluating Growth and Photosynthesis of Kimchi Cabbage According to Extreme Weather Conditions. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1846 .

AMA Style

Seung Hwan Wi, Hee Ju Lee, Sewoong An, Sung Kyeom Kim. Evaluating Growth and Photosynthesis of Kimchi Cabbage According to Extreme Weather Conditions. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):1846.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seung Hwan Wi; Hee Ju Lee; Sewoong An; Sung Kyeom Kim. 2020. "Evaluating Growth and Photosynthesis of Kimchi Cabbage According to Extreme Weather Conditions." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 1846.