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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a widespread species in Eurasia, but its natural range can be significantly altered by a variety of stressors. The ability of pine to regenerate naturally is significantly reduced by its occurrence in unsuitable habitats. The processes of natural selection of pine from select habitats can be followed in stands of national parks where forestry activities are excluded. The possibility of pine regeneration is influenced by the following factors: characteristics of produced seeds, competition, and genetic characteristics. In the present study, selected factors associated with limiting the natural regeneration potential of pine were analysed. The present work generated important information related to the natural regeneration potential of pine in Central and Eastern Europe. The main objective of the analyses was to discuss the possibility of the natural regeneration of pine stands without human intervention. In addition, the genetic diversity of naturally germinating seedlings was analysed. The obtained results confirmed the high reproductive potential of pine despite the advanced age of the studied trees. The obtained seeds produced by old growth Scots pine trees had high viability, while a significant difference was observed in terms of the average number of cones per dominant tree between studied stands. Thus, the number of cones was the main element determining the regeneration potential of the stands. It should be emphasised that the number of cones did not influence the occurrence of natural regeneration. Based on the obtained results, the regeneration potential of pine stands depends mainly on the habitat and the competitive pressure. In addition, a correlation between genetic parameters and the regeneration potential of stands should be established, which may be the beginning of further research on the process discussed in this publication.
Paweł Przybylski; Monika Konatowska; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Anna Tereba; Vasyl Mohytych; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Rutkowski. The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration. Forests 2021, 12, 1055 .
AMA StylePaweł Przybylski, Monika Konatowska, Szymon Jastrzębowski, Anna Tereba, Vasyl Mohytych, Łukasz Tyburski, Paweł Rutkowski. The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):1055.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Przybylski; Monika Konatowska; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Anna Tereba; Vasyl Mohytych; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Rutkowski. 2021. "The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration." Forests 12, no. 8: 1055.
Biodiversity at the species and individual levels is one of the fundamental elements characterizing an ecosystem. It is assumed that the greater the level of biodiversity, the more tolerant the environment is to changes in external conditions. In recent years, dynamic climate change has negatively impacted the health of many forest trees across Europe, in particular Scots pine. Tree health is commonly characterized by crown defoliation. The study presented here describes and correlates crown defoliation with biodiversity indicators at the species and individual tree levels. Research was conducted in two national parks in Poland (Kampinoski and Bory Tucholskie). Since stands have been under legal protection for many years and forest management is not practiced there, stand development processes taking place there are similar to natural ones. This study provided empirical data on ecosystem response to external stresses based on species and genetic structure. The results confirm differing health of the populations, which results from, among other factors, stand age and the environmental conditions in which they grow. Pine stands in both national parks are genetically diverse but with low genetic variability. Differences in stand health are related to the number of alleles forming the genetic pool. This conclusion is supported by a high correlation coefficient for interactions between defoliation, the number of alleles, and the Shannon index for genotypes. This suggests that greater gene diversity is likely to provide a wider range of phenotypic responses to environmental change.
Paweł Przybylski; Vasyl Mohytych; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Tereba; Łukasz Tyburski; Kateryna Fyalkowska. Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1239 .
AMA StylePaweł Przybylski, Vasyl Mohytych, Paweł Rutkowski, Anna Tereba, Łukasz Tyburski, Kateryna Fyalkowska. Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1239.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Przybylski; Vasyl Mohytych; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Tereba; Łukasz Tyburski; Kateryna Fyalkowska. 2021. "Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1239.
The work detailed here in the context of the above project sought to determine changes in the gene pool (at the DNA level) in a stand of Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.), under the influence of various kinds of forest-tending cuts. The experimental area on which the research was focused is located in Poland’s Ostrów Mazowiecka Forest District. Genetic structure was specified using five nuclear SSR sequences and six chloroplast SSR loci, while the five thinning variants trialled were sanitation cutting, low thinning of 30% intensity, schematic thinning, selective thinning and destructive lumbering. The control variant was left untreated. It was virtual rather than real-life thinning that was pursued, using the ForestSimulatorBWINPro program. Changes in the structure of the stand after a further 10 years were also simulated. The different thinning variants were shown to cause change in the gene pool and level of genetic diversity of trees in the study area. In terms of maintaining genetic variability in the stand, the least-favourable method proved to be thinning from below. Destructive selection cutting was in turn most beneficial in terms of the preservation of genetic structure, with the reduction in rare alleles being more limited than in any other analysed variant. It was with the selective thinning variant that the final number of trees, stand structure and level of genetic variation resembled the situation in the control most closely. This suggests that selective thinning provides for a rather accurate replication of processes occurring in nature.
Agata Konecka; Anna Tereba; Marcin Studnicki; Włodzimierz Buraczyk; Henryk Szeligowski; Bogdan Brzeziecki; Kamil Bielak. How the Virtual Thinning Can Help to Control the Changing of Genetic Structure in Scots Pine Stands? Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2020, 3, 31 .
AMA StyleAgata Konecka, Anna Tereba, Marcin Studnicki, Włodzimierz Buraczyk, Henryk Szeligowski, Bogdan Brzeziecki, Kamil Bielak. How the Virtual Thinning Can Help to Control the Changing of Genetic Structure in Scots Pine Stands? Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2020; 3 (1):31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgata Konecka; Anna Tereba; Marcin Studnicki; Włodzimierz Buraczyk; Henryk Szeligowski; Bogdan Brzeziecki; Kamil Bielak. 2020. "How the Virtual Thinning Can Help to Control the Changing of Genetic Structure in Scots Pine Stands?" Environmental Sciences Proceedings 3, no. 1: 31.
Pulsatilla × ha c kelii Pohl. is the most common hybrid between Pulsatilla patens and Pulsatilla pratensis. It occurs in the natural environment, most often in sites together with parental forms. Pulsatilla × ha c kelii is morphologically intermediate between the pure Pulsatilla species. Separation of hybrid individuals from pure Pulsatilla species requires a whole set of morphological features. Completed plastid genome provides molecular evidence for the hybrid origin of Pulsatilla × ha c kelii. In our study, we present the—genotypic characteristics of Pulsatilla × ha c kelii based on microsatellite markers developed for Pulsatilla vulgaris. A specimen of the hybrid was found in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, near Bocheniec village, in the vicinity of a forest road in a fresh mixed coniferous forest (Querco roboris-Pinetum (W. Mat. 1981) J. Mat. 1988). We amplified a set of 10 microsatellites in two multiplex PCR reactions. From the 10 analyzed loci, we successfully amplified eight. The analyzed microsatellites in population studies of three Pulsatilla species showed some species-specific alleles. In the case of the Pulsatilla × ha c kelii sample, we obtained PCR products in the case of 5 loci developed for P. vulgaris but successfully crossamplified in P. patens and P. pratensis. Additionally, we obtained results for two loci, which crossamplified only for Pulsatilla patens and one only for Pulsatilla pratensis. Among the investigated markers, two were monomorphic and the remaining six were polymorphic, which makes them highly informative in population studies for pasque-flower species as Pulsatilla patens, P. pratensis, and P. vernalis. The obtained results indicated that analyzed microsatellite markers could be used for hybrids identification, although there is a need for further research on a larger number of hybridized individuals.
Kateryna Fyałkowska; Anna Tereba; Grzegorz Łazarski. The Use of Microsatellites Markers in Molecular Characteristics of Hybrids between Pulsatilla Species. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity 2020, 3, 3 .
AMA StyleKateryna Fyałkowska, Anna Tereba, Grzegorz Łazarski. The Use of Microsatellites Markers in Molecular Characteristics of Hybrids between Pulsatilla Species. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity. 2020; 3 (1):3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKateryna Fyałkowska; Anna Tereba; Grzegorz Łazarski. 2020. "The Use of Microsatellites Markers in Molecular Characteristics of Hybrids between Pulsatilla Species." Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity 3, no. 1: 3.
Scots pine (Pinus silvestris), is one of the dominant species in Poland and one of the main forest tree species in northern and central Europe. This species is of great economic importance. The Scots pine is highly adaptable to changing environmental conditions. A number of ecotypes have been characterized and the formation of these ecotypes are related with development of different phenotypic characteristics; morphological, physiological, and ecological. Molecular studies, based on DNA polymorphism, have been used for more than 20 years to analyze the genetic diversity of the Scots pine population. The most popular are microsatellite markers due to the fact of wide availability and high polymorphism. However, the use of these markers is also associated with certain limitations, due to complex mutation models or high incidence of homoplasia. These features are prompting scientists to look for alternative types of markers such as, for example, SNP. In our study we conducted a comparison of the basic parameters of genetic variability of two Scots pine stands (25 and 24 trees in each) for 20 SNP markers and 4 microsatellite markers. For the 20 SNP loci the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was equal to 0.34 for both stands and the expected heterozygosity (He) was equal to 0.34 for the first stand and 0.37 for the second. No statistically significant genetic distance was observed between them. For the microsatellite markers observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.81 and 0.74, and the expected heterozygosity (He) was equal to 0.85 and 0.85 respectively for the stands, and similarly no statistical significant genetic distance was observed. Literature data of different genetic markers showed the higher informativeness of randomly chosen microsatellites than single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for study population differentiation. But some analyzes confirm that the appropriate number of SNP markers can be more informative for population structure inference.
Anna Tereba; Agata Konecka. Comparison of Microsatellites and SNP Markers in Genetic Diversity Level of Two Scots Pine Stands. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity 2020, 3, 4 .
AMA StyleAnna Tereba, Agata Konecka. Comparison of Microsatellites and SNP Markers in Genetic Diversity Level of Two Scots Pine Stands. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity. 2020; 3 (1):4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Tereba; Agata Konecka. 2020. "Comparison of Microsatellites and SNP Markers in Genetic Diversity Level of Two Scots Pine Stands." Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity 3, no. 1: 4.
Understanding the growth pattern of trees of various provenances in response to climatic conditions provides information on the adaptive potential of trees. Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) are anatomical markers of variations in wood density within the annual wood increment. Latewood-like cells within earlywood, resulting from severe drought during spring and early summer, express the structural adaptation of the wood tissue to unfavorable climatic conditions. In this study, we used two 40-year old IUFRO provenance trials of Norway spruce located in the western and north-eastern Poland to i) determine the effect of provenance on the IADF frequency and ii) to define the climatic factors determining the formation of IADF. Three highly polymorphic nuclear microsatellites are used to determine the differentiation among provenances in particular between the northern and southern Polish distribution area. Our results demonstrate that the frequency of all types of IADFs is determined by the growing conditions, and only the IADFs in the transition zone are determined by provenance origin. The highest variability between provenances in response to climatic differences was observed for IADF in transition zone, where temperatures and rainfall of spring and early summer differentiated northern and southern provenances. Moreover, the IADF frequency was influenced by drought, thereby differentiating provenances in terms of their sensitivity to severe conditions. Furthermore, environmental differentiation of climate-growth reaction was expressed by a stronger impact of climatic conditions observed in the western than in the northeastern trial site. The results of this study confirm the dependency of climate related changes in wood characteristics on provenance origin. Therefore, density fluctuations seem to be an appropriate adaptive trait for selecting Norway spruce provenances with varying degree of drought sensitivity.
Marcin Klisz; Joanna Ukalska; Marcin Koprowski; Anna Tereba; Radosław Puchałka; Pawel Przybylski; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Cristina Nabais. Effect of provenance and climate on intra-annual density fluctuations of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Poland. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2019, 269-270, 145 -156.
AMA StyleMarcin Klisz, Joanna Ukalska, Marcin Koprowski, Anna Tereba, Radosław Puchałka, Pawel Przybylski, Szymon Jastrzębowski, Cristina Nabais. Effect of provenance and climate on intra-annual density fluctuations of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Poland. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2019; 269-270 ():145-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcin Klisz; Joanna Ukalska; Marcin Koprowski; Anna Tereba; Radosław Puchałka; Pawel Przybylski; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Cristina Nabais. 2019. "Effect of provenance and climate on intra-annual density fluctuations of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Poland." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 269-270, no. : 145-156.
We investigated the occurrence and pathogenicity of Beauveria spp. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in forest soils in Poland, in outbreak areas of cockchafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Melolontha melolontha L. and M. hippocastani F. We also examined the occurrence of Beauveria in relation to soil pH. Beauveria spp. isolates were characterised at species and genotype levels using ITS and microsatellite markers. Beauveria spp., which were detected at over 80% of sites, were sensitive to pH, preferring neutral or alkaline soils. This suggests that the acidity of forest soils in Poland can affect their efficacy as biological control agents (BCAs). B. brongniartii (Sacc.) Petch as a pathogen of cockchafers occurred at 41% of sites, but often at densities below the threshold values for infection, and it infected only 1.3% of cockchafer grubs. Our results suggest that B. brongniartii genotype isolated from cockchafers in forest soils can potentially expand the pool of BCAs in this environment.
Marzena Niemczyk; Alicja Sierpińska; Anna Tereba; Karol Sokołowski; Paweł Przybylski. Natural occurrence of Beauveria spp. in outbreak areas of cockchafers (Melolontha spp.) in forest soils from Poland. Entomophaga 2019, 64, 159 -172.
AMA StyleMarzena Niemczyk, Alicja Sierpińska, Anna Tereba, Karol Sokołowski, Paweł Przybylski. Natural occurrence of Beauveria spp. in outbreak areas of cockchafers (Melolontha spp.) in forest soils from Poland. Entomophaga. 2019; 64 (2):159-172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzena Niemczyk; Alicja Sierpińska; Anna Tereba; Karol Sokołowski; Paweł Przybylski. 2019. "Natural occurrence of Beauveria spp. in outbreak areas of cockchafers (Melolontha spp.) in forest soils from Poland." Entomophaga 64, no. 2: 159-172.
The common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) and the forest cockchafer (Melolontha hippocastani) are among the most destructive insect pests in many European countries. Larvae feed on the roots of numerous plant species, thus inflicting severe damage and heavy economic losses. The two species are often discussed together because they are difficult to distinguish during the larval stage.However, they differ slightly in ecology and development. The aim of this study was to develop a quick PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) method for easily identifying the two Melolonthaspecies through tissue samples or larvae, when reliable morphological identification is lacking. The strength of the method was tested on 43 M. melolonthaand 37 M. hippocastani individuals. We demonstrate that the technique is rapid and inexpensive, with strong implications for the effective management of these insect pests.
Anna Tereba; Marzena Niemczyk. A quick PCR-based method for identification of Melolontha melolontha and Melolontha hippocastani (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae. Entomologica Fennica 2018, 29, 141 -145.
AMA StyleAnna Tereba, Marzena Niemczyk. A quick PCR-based method for identification of Melolontha melolontha and Melolontha hippocastani (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae. Entomologica Fennica. 2018; 29 (3):141-145.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Tereba; Marzena Niemczyk. 2018. "A quick PCR-based method for identification of Melolontha melolontha and Melolontha hippocastani (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae." Entomologica Fennica 29, no. 3: 141-145.
Anna Tereba; Marzena Niemczyk. Variability and Cross-Species Amplification of Microsatellite Loci inMelolontha melolonthaandMelolontha hippocastani(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Entomological News 2017, 127, 192 -197.
AMA StyleAnna Tereba, Marzena Niemczyk. Variability and Cross-Species Amplification of Microsatellite Loci inMelolontha melolonthaandMelolontha hippocastani(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Entomological News. 2017; 127 (3):192-197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Tereba; Marzena Niemczyk. 2017. "Variability and Cross-Species Amplification of Microsatellite Loci inMelolontha melolonthaandMelolontha hippocastani(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)." Entomological News 127, no. 3: 192-197.
We examined selected external characteristics and measurements of Pipistrellus k. kuhlii and P. k. lepidus representatives from the Balkans and Central Europe, whose ranges have rapidly expanded over the past few decades. We also sequenced and analysed two mitochondrial (16S and COI genes) and one nuclear (RAG2) markers of these two bat morphotypes to determine haplotype diversity and distribution patterns with a wider geographic perspective. We found that bats of the two taxa differed markedly with regard to the overall body coloration, size (P. k. lepidus is larger than P. k. kuhlii), extent and shape of the pale wing margin, and penis coloration, a finding which seems to be of diagnostic value, similarly to other Pipistrellus species. No polymorphism in RAG2 marker was found, but in both mtDNA markers we detected different haplotypes characteristic for both taxa, corresponding to morphological and morphometric patterns established in this study. Our genetic analysis results confirmed a clear division into two phylogenetic lineages and may indicate their allopatric speciation and a very recent simultaneous expansion to the Balkans and Central Europe from the Mediterranean region (P. kuhlii/deserti) and south-west Asia across eastern Europe (P. k. lepidus). We also show that P. k. lepidus distribution is wider than previously reported, and that the ranges of P. k. lepidus and P. k. kuhlii have already contacted in Central Europe.
Konrad Sachanowicz; Michał Piskorski; Anna Tereba. Systematics and taxonomy of Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) in Central Europe and the Balkans. Zootaxa 2017, 4306, 53 -66.
AMA StyleKonrad Sachanowicz, Michał Piskorski, Anna Tereba. Systematics and taxonomy of Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) in Central Europe and the Balkans. Zootaxa. 2017; 4306 (1):53-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonrad Sachanowicz; Michał Piskorski; Anna Tereba. 2017. "Systematics and taxonomy of Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) in Central Europe and the Balkans." Zootaxa 4306, no. 1: 53-66.
Illegal logging is a major problem in many European countries. Recent progress in molecular biology, however, has significantly improved the ability to accurately identify wood material. In this paper, the first application of microsatellite DNA markers is described in a case of illegal logging of European ash wood in Polish State Forests. The genetic fingerprints of seized ash wood samples were determined using six nuclear and four chloroplast microsatellite loci, characterized by sufficient stringency in forensic analyses. By comparing the DNA profiles obtained, the origin of one sample of ash wood used as evidence material was confirmed, from among three samples serving as reference material with 99.99999% of probability. This work demonstrates how DNA authenticity testing can serve as an important technical tool in monitoring the legality of the suspected ash timber and confirms the utility of these techniques in detecting illegally logged timber in general.
Anna Tereba; Stephen Woodward; Agata Konecka; Małgorzata Borys; Justyna Nowakowska. Analysis of DNA profiles of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) to provide evidence of illegal logging. Wood Science and Technology 2017, 51, 1377 -1387.
AMA StyleAnna Tereba, Stephen Woodward, Agata Konecka, Małgorzata Borys, Justyna Nowakowska. Analysis of DNA profiles of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) to provide evidence of illegal logging. Wood Science and Technology. 2017; 51 (6):1377-1387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Tereba; Stephen Woodward; Agata Konecka; Małgorzata Borys; Justyna Nowakowska. 2017. "Analysis of DNA profiles of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) to provide evidence of illegal logging." Wood Science and Technology 51, no. 6: 1377-1387.
The paper describes a number of molecular methods used in the past and now to analyze forest tree species. Taking into account the economic importance of forest trees and in view of the timber economy, wood properties and characteristics are essential factors subjected to control, observation and research. Molecular techniques that support traditional selection methods allow for genetic diversity analyses considering a range of research aspects. The development of these techniques at the turn of the last two decades has enabled wide-ranging use of molecular data in studies on forest tree populations. On the example of pine (Pinus L.), the paper presents data based on molecular studies as well as a variety of possibilities to apply the obtained results.
Anna Tereba; Agata Konecka; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Justyna Nowakowska. Application of selected molecular markers in studies on forest trees. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2017, 59, 146 -151.
AMA StyleAnna Tereba, Agata Konecka, Justyna A. Nowakowska, Justyna Nowakowska. Application of selected molecular markers in studies on forest trees. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2017; 59 (2):146-151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Tereba; Agata Konecka; Justyna A. Nowakowska; Justyna Nowakowska. 2017. "Application of selected molecular markers in studies on forest trees." Folia Forestalia Polonica 59, no. 2: 146-151.
M. Tulik; J. Zakrzewski; J. Adamczyk; Anna Tereba; B. Yaman; J.A. Nowakowska. Anatomical and genetic aspects of ash dieback: a look at the wood structure. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry 2017, 10, 522 -528.
AMA StyleM. Tulik, J. Zakrzewski, J. Adamczyk, Anna Tereba, B. Yaman, J.A. Nowakowska. Anatomical and genetic aspects of ash dieback: a look at the wood structure. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry. 2017; 10 (2):522-528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Tulik; J. Zakrzewski; J. Adamczyk; Anna Tereba; B. Yaman; J.A. Nowakowska. 2017. "Anatomical and genetic aspects of ash dieback: a look at the wood structure." iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry 10, no. 2: 522-528.
The study was conducted in 2015 in six spruce stands situated in different forest districts administratively belonging to the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Krosno. Each spruce population was represented by 30 trees and assessed in terms of their current health status. Genetic analyses were performed on shoot samples from each tree using nine nuclear DNA markers and one mitochondrial DNA marker (nad1). The health status of the trees was described according to the classification developed by Szczepkowski and Tarasiuk (2005) and the correlation between health classes and the level of genetic variability was computed with STATISTICA (α = 0.05). Nuclear DNA analyses revealed a low level of genetic variability among spruce populations (only 3% of the total genetic variation (FST = 0.028) and a high variability within populations (97%). The total heterozygosity in all stands (HT) was calculated as 0.646. Based on UPGMA analysis, the most genetically similar populations are spruce stands in the Bieszczady National Park and the Ustrzyki Dolne Forest District, which have the smallest genetic divergence of all populations (DN = 0.0165). Our analysis of the mitochondrial gene nad1 revealed the presence of six different haplotypes ‘a’, ‘a1’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’ and ‘d1’. Comprising 56% of all haplotypes, ‘a’ was the most common showing a predominant impact on spruce migration from the Carpathian area. The analysis based on mitochondrial markers (by Nei) revealed a heterozygosity of 0.525. Based on the observations of disease symptoms, 29% of the trees belong to health class 1, 30% to class 2, 28% to class 3 and class 4 contains 13% of trees. The comparison between health status and the level of genetic variation in the analysed stands showed a positive correlation. Spruce stands with better health were also characterised by a greater degree of genetic variability. Since most of the investigated spruce populations shared the mitochondrial haplotype ‘a’, we have ascertained their Hercynian–Carpathian origin. Only one stand (Cisna) had a high frequency (43.3%) of the Nordic haplotype ‘c’ suggesting that this provenance is derived from the Baltic post-glacial refugium of P. abies in europe.
Justyna Gutkowska; Małgorzata Borys; Anna Tereba; Miłosz Tkaczyk; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Nowakowska. Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno. Forest Research Papers 2017, 78, 56 -66.
AMA StyleJustyna Gutkowska, Małgorzata Borys, Anna Tereba, Miłosz Tkaczyk, Tomasz Oszako, Justyna Nowakowska. Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno. Forest Research Papers. 2017; 78 (1):56-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Gutkowska; Małgorzata Borys; Anna Tereba; Miłosz Tkaczyk; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Nowakowska. 2017. "Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno." Forest Research Papers 78, no. 1: 56-66.
Polymerase chain reaction-amplified and sequenced isolates of Antrodia gossypium, Phlebiopsis gigantea and Heterobasidion parviporum from decaying Norway spruce wood blocks after three and six months, which exhibited linear growth, were investigated. P. gigantea strains showed the fastest growth, whereas A. gossypium growth was five times slower. The differences between the mean daily increment of A. gossypium and the other examined isolates (except Hp2) were statistically significant. There were also significant differences in wood decay between densities over time. These results were confirmed by the decay acceleration index (DAI) and decay activity index, which were positively correlated with wood density regardless of the fungus species. The registered P. gigantea strains (Rotstop and PG Suspension) exhibited a strong decomposition ability (28% after six months); the weight loss caused by A. gossypium after six months of decay (15.2%) was similar to the results of P. gigantea (GB) after just three months (13.2%). All tested H. parviporum isolates showed rather rapid growth and equally strong wood decay (20–25%) compared to those of P. gigantea. DAI showed that A. gossypium may significantly contribute to wood decomposition over time, particularly in less dense wood samples. The use of both saprotrophs as biological agents against root pathogens is discussed.
Anna Żółciak; Katarzyna Sikora; Justyna Nowakowska; Monika Małecka; Małgorzata Borys; Anna Tereba; Zbigniew Sierota. Antrodia gossypium, Phlebiopsis gigantea and Heterobasidion parviporum: in vitro growth and Norway spruce wood block decay. Biocontrol Science and Technology 2016, 26, 1706 -1718.
AMA StyleAnna Żółciak, Katarzyna Sikora, Justyna Nowakowska, Monika Małecka, Małgorzata Borys, Anna Tereba, Zbigniew Sierota. Antrodia gossypium, Phlebiopsis gigantea and Heterobasidion parviporum: in vitro growth and Norway spruce wood block decay. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 2016; 26 (12):1706-1718.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Żółciak; Katarzyna Sikora; Justyna Nowakowska; Monika Małecka; Małgorzata Borys; Anna Tereba; Zbigniew Sierota. 2016. "Antrodia gossypium, Phlebiopsis gigantea and Heterobasidion parviporum: in vitro growth and Norway spruce wood block decay." Biocontrol Science and Technology 26, no. 12: 1706-1718.
Justyna A. Nowakowska; Anna Tereba; Tomasz Oszako. Determining invasiveness and risk of dothistroma needle blight. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2014, 56, 157 -159.
AMA StyleJustyna A. Nowakowska, Anna Tereba, Tomasz Oszako. Determining invasiveness and risk of dothistroma needle blight. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2014; 56 (3):157-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna A. Nowakowska; Anna Tereba; Tomasz Oszako. 2014. "Determining invasiveness and risk of dothistroma needle blight." Folia Forestalia Polonica 56, no. 3: 157-159.