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Dr. Álvaro Rodríguez González
School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, Universidad de León, Portugal Avenue no. 41, 24071 León, Spain.

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Biological Control
0 Crop Protection
0 Integrated Pest Management
0 volatile compounds
0 Insect Ecology

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Insect pest
Biological Control
Crop Protection
volatile compounds

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Book chapter
Published: 01 April 2021 in Agrárias: Pesquisa e Inovação nas Ciências que Alimentam o Mundo V
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ACS Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Samuel Álvarez-García; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Antonio Casquero Luelmo. USO DE NUTRAGREEN® COMO TRANSPORTADOR COLOIDAL PARA REDUCIR EL USO DE FERTILIZANTES Y PESTICIDAS EN PERAL. Agrárias: Pesquisa e Inovação nas Ciências que Alimentam o Mundo V 2021, 220 -227.

AMA Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Samuel Álvarez-García, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro Antonio Casquero Luelmo. USO DE NUTRAGREEN® COMO TRANSPORTADOR COLOIDAL PARA REDUCIR EL USO DE FERTILIZANTES Y PESTICIDAS EN PERAL. Agrárias: Pesquisa e Inovação nas Ciências que Alimentam o Mundo V. 2021; ():220-227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Samuel Álvarez-García; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Antonio Casquero Luelmo. 2021. "USO DE NUTRAGREEN® COMO TRANSPORTADOR COLOIDAL PARA REDUCIR EL USO DE FERTILIZANTES Y PESTICIDAS EN PERAL." Agrárias: Pesquisa e Inovação nas Ciências que Alimentam o Mundo V , no. : 220-227.

Journal article
Published: 25 March 2021 in Journal of Fungi
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The interest in the study of microbiological interactions mediated by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has steadily increased in the last few years. Nevertheless, most assays still rely on the use of non-specific materials. We present a new tool, the volatile organic compound chamber (VOC chamber), specifically designed to perform these experiments. The novel devices were tested using four Trichoderma strains against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. We demonstrate that VOC chambers provide higher sensitivity and selectivity between treatments and higher homogeneity of results than the traditional method. VOC chambers are also able to test both vented and non-vented conditions. We prove that ventilation plays a very important role regarding volatile interactions, up to the point that some growth-inhibitory effects observed in closed environments switch to promoting ones when tested in vented conditions. This promoting activity seems to be related to the accumulation of squalene by T. harzianum. The VOC chambers proved to be an easy, homogeneous, flexible, and repeatable method, able to better select microorganisms with high biocontrol activity and to guide the future identification of new bioactive VOCs and their role in microbial interactions.

ACS Style

Samuel Álvarez-García; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Óscar González-López; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. Volatile Organic Compound Chamber: A Novel Technology for Microbiological Volatile Interaction Assays. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 248 .

AMA Style

Samuel Álvarez-García, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Óscar González-López, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro Casquero. Volatile Organic Compound Chamber: A Novel Technology for Microbiological Volatile Interaction Assays. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (4):248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Álvarez-García; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Óscar González-López; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. 2021. "Volatile Organic Compound Chamber: A Novel Technology for Microbiological Volatile Interaction Assays." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 4: 248.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2021 in Agronomy
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Fungi from the genus Trichoderma have a worldwide distribution and are commonly found in agricultural lands. Further, it has been described as a non-virulent and symbiont microorganism that can contribute to minimize the pernicious effects of pathogens. In the present work we have isolated Trichoderma spp. from bark of grapevine in different orchards in order to determine the influence of fungicide application and vine age on Trichoderma diversity in plant. An opposite correlation between the number of fungicides sprayed per campaign and the diversity of Trichoderma spp. isolates was found. Moreover, the older are grapevine plants the higher is the diversity of Trichoderma spp. isolates. The different Trichoderma strains isolated were tested against Phaeoacremonium minimum, a grapevine trunk pathogen, to evaluate their biocontrol capacity. Three Trichoderma strains shown a significant capacity to control P. minimum and were selected as candidates to be used as biological control agents. In addition, a rapid and easy method for isolating Trichoderma spp. from grapevine plants has been developed, which allowed to determine that the reduction in the amount of pesticide use, together with the preservation of old vineyards, lead to healthier agroecosystems containing higher levels of beneficial microorganisms.

ACS Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Óscar González-López; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. Influence of Fungicide Application and Vine Age on Trichoderma Diversity as Source of Biological Control Agents. Agronomy 2021, 11, 446 .

AMA Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Óscar González-López, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro Casquero. Influence of Fungicide Application and Vine Age on Trichoderma Diversity as Source of Biological Control Agents. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (3):446.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Óscar González-López; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. 2021. "Influence of Fungicide Application and Vine Age on Trichoderma Diversity as Source of Biological Control Agents." Agronomy 11, no. 3: 446.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Agronomy
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Spain has ranked 6th on the harvested bean area and 8th in bean production in the European Union (EU). The soils of this area have mixed silt loam and sandy loam texture, with moderate clay content, neutral or acidic pH, rich in organic matter and low carbonate levels, providing beans with high water absorption capacity and better organoleptic qualities after cooking. Similar to other crops, it is attacked by some phytopathogens. Hitherto, chemical methods have been used to control these organisms. However, with the Reform of the Community Agrarian Policy in the EU, the number of authorized plant protection products has been reduced to prevail food security, as well as to be sustainable in the long term, giving priority to the non-chemical methods that use biological agents, such as Trichoderma. This study aimed to investigate the relative importance of various crop soil parameters in the adaptation of Trichoderma spp. autoclaved soils (AS) and natural soils (NS) from the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) “Alubia La Bañeza—León” that were inoculated with Trichoderma velutinum T029 and T. harzianum T059 and incubated in a culture chamber at 25 °C for 15 days. Their development was determined by quantitative PCR. Twelve soil samples were selected and analyzed from the productive zones of Astorga, La Bañeza, La Cabrera, Esla-Campos and Páramo. Their physicochemical characteristics were different by zone, as the texture of soils ranged between sandy loam and silt loam and the pH between strongly acid and slightly alkaline, as well as the organic matter (OM) concentration between low and remarkably high. Total C and N concentrations and their ratio were between medium and high in most of the soils and the rest of the micronutrients had an acceptable concentration except for Paramo’s soil. Both Trichoderma species developed better in AS than in NS, T. velutinum T029 grew better with high levels of OM, total C, ratio C:N, P, K, Fe, and Zn than T. harzianum T059 in clay soils, with the highest values of cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, Ca, Mg and Mn. These effects were validated by Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), texture, particularly clay concentration, OM, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH (physical parameters) and B and Cu (soil elements) are the main factors explaining the influence in the Trichoderma development. OM, EC, C:N ratio and Cu are the main soil characteristics that influence in T. velutinum T029 development and pH in the development of T. harzianum T059.

ACS Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alejandra Porteous-Álvarez; Sergio Mezquita-García; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara del Ser-Herrero; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. Influence of Physicochemical Characteristics of Bean Crop Soil in Trichoderma spp. Development. Agronomy 2021, 11, 274 .

AMA Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto, Alejandra Porteous-Álvarez, Sergio Mezquita-García, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Sara del Ser-Herrero, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro Casquero. Influence of Physicochemical Characteristics of Bean Crop Soil in Trichoderma spp. Development. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alejandra Porteous-Álvarez; Sergio Mezquita-García; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara del Ser-Herrero; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Casquero. 2021. "Influence of Physicochemical Characteristics of Bean Crop Soil in Trichoderma spp. Development." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 274.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2020 in Journal of Stored Products Research
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Acanthoscelides obtectus is an insect pest feeding on common beans Phaseolus vulgaris. Three strains of Trichoderma harzianum and one strain of Trichoderma citrinoviride were sprayed on insect adults and Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans in order to investigate the efficiency of the fungi in combating Acanthoscelides obtectus insect pest. The strains E20, T34, and T019 exhibited high virulence on adults. Spores of T34 isolate were more attractant for both sexes and showed a higher mortality rate on insects in contact with treated beans than the other strains. Treated beans showed a lower weight loss compared to the untreated ones. T019 and T008 treatments resulted in a lower weight loss of beans than the other fungal strains. Daily insect emergence was reduced in treated beans. The strain T34 accounted for the lowest daily emergence of insects. T008, T019, and E20 exhibited the capacity to repel insects, which resulted in a reduction of damaged beans as well as a lower number of holes per bean. Trichoderma strains were re-isolated from insects’ cadavers extracted from treated beans. Regarding these results, T34 strain could be used in the control of A. obtectus adults due to its high lethal effect. Additionally, T008 and T019 strains, showing good results in terms of insecticidal activity, insect repellency, reduction of damaged beans and lower weight loss of beans, could also be used for the biological control of A. obtectus.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; María Piedad Campelo-Rodríguez; Alicia Lorenzana; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Óscar González-López; Samuel Álvarez-García; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Antonio Casquero. Spores of Trichoderma strains sprayed over Acanthoscelides obtectus and Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans: Effects in the biology of the bean weevil. Journal of Stored Products Research 2020, 88, 101666 .

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, María Piedad Campelo-Rodríguez, Alicia Lorenzana, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Óscar González-López, Samuel Álvarez-García, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro Antonio Casquero. Spores of Trichoderma strains sprayed over Acanthoscelides obtectus and Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans: Effects in the biology of the bean weevil. Journal of Stored Products Research. 2020; 88 ():101666.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; María Piedad Campelo-Rodríguez; Alicia Lorenzana; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Óscar González-López; Samuel Álvarez-García; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro Antonio Casquero. 2020. "Spores of Trichoderma strains sprayed over Acanthoscelides obtectus and Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans: Effects in the biology of the bean weevil." Journal of Stored Products Research 88, no. : 101666.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2020 in Agronomy
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The number of plants produced in horticultural substrates has increased over the last decade. These substrates are to have some physicochemical and phytosanitary characteristics that allow for optimal growth. Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn is one of the root and hypocotyl diseases that frequently develops in seedbeds causing severe economic losses worldwide. The aim of this work was to evaluate the substrates and additives used in bean plantlets and the R. solani disease severity. The use of vermiculite or peat did not affect bean germination percentage, but peat promoted the development of the aerial part and vermiculite improved the growth of the root system. R. solani reduced bean germination percentage and bean growth in both peat and vermiculite. The presence of additives (bentonite and/or cornmeal) in the substrates (vermiculite or peat) reduced bean germination and development, favouring the severity of R. solani. However, the addition of cornmeal improves bean dry weight of the aerial part. So, whenever it is necessary to add additives to the substrates to improve the installation and development of a biocontrol agent, such as Trichoderma harzianum, the mix of peat and cornmeal would improve the development of both bean and biocontrol agent.

ACS Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. Influence of Substrates in the Development of Bean and in Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn. Agronomy 2020, 10, 707 .

AMA Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Alicia Lorenzana, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro A. Casquero. Influence of Substrates in the Development of Bean and in Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (5):707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. 2020. "Influence of Substrates in the Development of Bean and in Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn." Agronomy 10, no. 5: 707.

Note and unique phenomena
Published: 28 January 2020 in Agronomy Journal
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Rationale Biocontrol strains are able to activate defense genes and to promote plant growth. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the development of Trichoderma sp. in substrates with additives by qPCR quantification. Methods T. harzianum, T019 isolated from the Protected Geographical Indication “Alubia La Bañeza – León” was tested in peat and vermiculite with and without additives. The development was evaluated by qPCR with α‐actin gene and a standard curve. Statistical analysis was performed using an analysis of variance and mean completely randomized. Results The qPCR technique has served to quantify precisely the growth of Trichoderma in the different substrates. T. harzianum develops better in the peat substrates supplemented with cornmeal and with a mixture of cornmeal and bentonite than in any of the vermiculate‐based substrates. Conclusions T. harzianum development was improved by growing in peat substrates supplemented with cornmeal. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Sara Mayo‐Prieto; Alejandra J. Porteous‐Álvarez; Álvaro Rodríguez‐González; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. Evaluation of substrates and additives to Trichoderma harzianum development by qPCR. Agronomy Journal 2020, 112, 3188 -3194.

AMA Style

Sara Mayo‐Prieto, Alejandra J. Porteous‐Álvarez, Álvaro Rodríguez‐González, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro A. Casquero. Evaluation of substrates and additives to Trichoderma harzianum development by qPCR. Agronomy Journal. 2020; 112 (4):3188-3194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Mayo‐Prieto; Alejandra J. Porteous‐Álvarez; Álvaro Rodríguez‐González; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. 2020. "Evaluation of substrates and additives to Trichoderma harzianum development by qPCR." Agronomy Journal 112, no. 4: 3188-3194.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2019 in Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
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The beetle Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) causes severe post-harvest losses in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Under laboratory conditions, the susceptibility of A. obtectus to five coleopteran-specific Cry toxic proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Cry1Ba, Cry1Ia, Cry3Aa, Cry7Ab, and Cry23/37) was evaluated. After 30 days exposure, Cry proteins demonstrated high activity against A. obtectus adults (100% mortality). Proteins showed statistical differences in toxicity parameters compared to the control treatment, but the parameters were similar among them, and indicated that the final toxic effects can be observed after the 24th day. The toxic effects on A. obtectus larvae were evaluated indirectly by allowing adults to oviposit on treated beans and recording the emergence of F1 adults. All treatments resulted in a lower rate of successful emergence compared to the control treatment, ranging from 60% (Cry23/37) to 10% (Cry1Ia) reduction in eclosion. Finally, to evaluate the ability of Cry proteins to protect the beans against A. obtectus; the number of beans infested, the number of holes in each bean and bean weight loss were determined 45 days after the treatment. The parameters showed significant bean protection by all Cry proteins analyzed compared to control treatment. Cry23/37 showed the best results, however, results for the other proteins were similar. The proteins belong to different Cry protein families, which suggest that they could be used in combination to increase plant protection without compromising resistance management. Moreover, adult emergence and bean protection results indicate differences among the proteins, which may suggest different modes of action. Our results indicate that the studied Cry proteins can be applied for the control of A. obtectus larvae and adults.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alejandra J. Porteous-Álvarez; Mario Del Val; Pedro A. Casquero; Baltasar Escriche. Toxicity of five Cry proteins against the insect pest Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrisomelidae: Bruchinae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 2019, 169, 107295 .

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Alejandra J. Porteous-Álvarez, Mario Del Val, Pedro A. Casquero, Baltasar Escriche. Toxicity of five Cry proteins against the insect pest Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrisomelidae: Bruchinae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 2019; 169 ():107295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alejandra J. Porteous-Álvarez; Mario Del Val; Pedro A. Casquero; Baltasar Escriche. 2019. "Toxicity of five Cry proteins against the insect pest Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrisomelidae: Bruchinae)." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 169, no. : 107295.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2019 in Journal of Stored Products Research
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Acanthoscelides obtectus, known as the bean weevil, is an insect pest that feeds on wild and cultivated common beans. Four Trichoderma isolates, two trichodiene (TD) producers (T34–5.27, E20–5.7) and their corresponding parental strains (T34, E20), were evaluated to determine the effect of their metabolites against A. obtectus adults. TD is a non-phytotoxic Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), which is the first commitment intermediate in the biosynthesis of trichothecenes. Accumulated emergence of insects was reduced in beans treated with these fungal isolates, being more reduced with E20 and T34 strains. TD producer strains, which previously showed to produce a higher number of damaged beans than their respective parental strains, gave rise to a higher insects emergence. Beans treated with fungal isolates had a lower weight loss than the control treatment, with T34 exhibiting the lowest weight loss among all fungal isolates analyzed. Furthermore, E20 showed the higher repellent activity against A. obtectus adults and produced a smaller number of holes per bean. Thus, Trichoderma isolates evaluated are good for the biological control of A. obtectus pest on beans, in which the parental strains (E20 and T34) were those exhibiting a better control of this insect than their respective TD-producer derivates strains. These results suggest that production of TD reduces effectiveness of Trichoderma T34 and E20 strains to control this insect pest.

ACS Style

A. Rodríguez-González; Pedro A. Casquero; Rosa E. Cardoza; Santiago Gutiérrez. Effect of trichodiene synthase encoding gene expression in Trichoderma strains on their effectiveness in the control of Acanthoscelides obtectus. Journal of Stored Products Research 2019, 83, 275 -280.

AMA Style

A. Rodríguez-González, Pedro A. Casquero, Rosa E. Cardoza, Santiago Gutiérrez. Effect of trichodiene synthase encoding gene expression in Trichoderma strains on their effectiveness in the control of Acanthoscelides obtectus. Journal of Stored Products Research. 2019; 83 ():275-280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Rodríguez-González; Pedro A. Casquero; Rosa E. Cardoza; Santiago Gutiérrez. 2019. "Effect of trichodiene synthase encoding gene expression in Trichoderma strains on their effectiveness in the control of Acanthoscelides obtectus." Journal of Stored Products Research 83, no. : 275-280.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2019 in Insects
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The bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), causes severe post-harvest losses in the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. The control of this insect is still poor and involves the use of conventional insecticides. There is an increasing demand in the search for new active substances and products for pest control towards reduction of adverse effects on human health and the environment. The protection of grains with alternative products, such as essential oils, is a possible alternative to meet the needs described above. Therefore, this investigation evaluated the applications of basil, Ocimum basilicum, and citronella, Cymbopogon winterianus, essential oils for A. obtectus control. These essential oils significantly reduced the bean weight losses and the number of beans damaged by A. obtectus at higher doses than 60 or 120 μL/sample. The number of holes per bean did not differ between the doses of basil essential oil, not even at the dose of 60 μL, while it was higher at 120 μL, probably due to a lower capacity of movement of the insects treated with this dose and/or the oil’s direct or indirect effects on the insects. Basil and citronella oils exhibited similar patterns of insecticidal activity over the insect, both directly in adult insects or indirectly over bean seeds. These essential oils affected the development of A. obtectus since the greatest doses applied on beans decreased the emergence of the bean weevil. The results prove the insecticidal capacity of the tested essential oils and hence their potential as active substances against A. obtectus in environmentally low risk pest control strategies. Supplementary trials should be conducted under real storage conditions.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Samuel Álvarez-García; Óscar González-López; Franceli Da Silva; Pedro A. Casquero. Insecticidal Properties of Ocimum basilicum and Cymbopogon winterianus against Acanthoscelides obtectus, Insect Pest of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.). Insects 2019, 10, 151 .

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Samuel Álvarez-García, Óscar González-López, Franceli Da Silva, Pedro A. Casquero. Insecticidal Properties of Ocimum basilicum and Cymbopogon winterianus against Acanthoscelides obtectus, Insect Pest of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.). Insects. 2019; 10 (5):151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Samuel Álvarez-García; Óscar González-López; Franceli Da Silva; Pedro A. Casquero. 2019. "Insecticidal Properties of Ocimum basilicum and Cymbopogon winterianus against Acanthoscelides obtectus, Insect Pest of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.)." Insects 10, no. 5: 151.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important food legume crops worldwide that is affected by phytopathogenic fungi such as Rhizoctonia solani. Biological control represents an effective alternative method for the use of conventional synthetic chemical pesticides for crop protection. Trichoderma spp. have been successfully used in agriculture both to control fungal diseases and to promote plant growth. The response of the plant to the invasion of fungi activates defensive resistance responses by inducing the expression of genes and producing secondary metabolites. The purpose of this work was to analyze the changes in the bean metabolome that occur during its interaction with pathogenic (R. solani) and antagonistic (T. velutinum) fungi. In this work, 216 compounds were characterized by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis but only 36 were noted as significantly different in the interaction in comparison to control plants and they were tentatively characterized. These compounds were classified as: two amino acids, three peptides, one carbohydrate, one glycoside, one fatty acid, two lipids, 17 flavonoids, four phenols and four terpenes. This work is the first attempt to determine how the presence of T. velutinum and/or R. solani affect the defense response of bean plants using untargeted metabolomics analysis.

ACS Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Roberta Marra; Francesco Vinale; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sheridan L. Woo; Matteo Lorito; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. Effect of Trichoderma velutinum and Rhizoctonia solani on the Metabolome of Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 549 .

AMA Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto, Roberta Marra, Francesco Vinale, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Sheridan L. Woo, Matteo Lorito, Santiago Gutiérrez, Pedro A. Casquero. Effect of Trichoderma velutinum and Rhizoctonia solani on the Metabolome of Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (3):549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Mayo-Prieto; Roberta Marra; Francesco Vinale; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sheridan L. Woo; Matteo Lorito; Santiago Gutiérrez; Pedro A. Casquero. 2019. "Effect of Trichoderma velutinum and Rhizoctonia solani on the Metabolome of Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 3: 549.

Evaluation study
Published: 28 August 2018 in Journal of Economic Entomology
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Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important pest in vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in the main wine-producing regions of Spain. Effective control of this pest is difficult due to the biology of this pest. Biological control agents (BCAs) have proven to be an effective tool in controlling and preventing the spread of a variety of plant pests and diseases. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to assess the capacity of different Trichodema spp., isolated from various vineyards and one commercial isolate of Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), as BCAs of X. arvicola. Isolates of Trichoderma spp. and one isolate of B. bassiana were evaluated against X. arvicola eggs, larvae and adults. Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma gamsii demonstrated a good ovicidal control, 100.0% with T. harzianum and over 92.0% with T. gamsii. These Trichoderma strains achieved an over 65.0% larval mortality and 87.5% adult mortality. B. bassiana was the most effective treatment against X. arvicola larvae. These results confirm that Trichoderma spp. can be used to inhibit egg development. In addition, Trichoderma spp. and B. bassiana can help to prevent larvae boring into vines and to kill adults. Therefore, Trichoderma spp., especially T. harzianum and T. gamsii, and B. bassiana can be considered as highly effective BCAs of X. arvicola in vineyards.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutiérrez; Horacio J Peláez; Pedro Casquero. Investigations of Trichoderma spp. and Beauveria bassiana as biological control agent for Xylotrechus arvicola, a major insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Journal of Economic Entomology 2018, 111, 2585 -2591.

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Alicia Lorenzana, Santiago Gutiérrez, Horacio J Peláez, Pedro Casquero. Investigations of Trichoderma spp. and Beauveria bassiana as biological control agent for Xylotrechus arvicola, a major insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2018; 111 (6):2585-2591.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutiérrez; Horacio J Peláez; Pedro Casquero. 2018. "Investigations of Trichoderma spp. and Beauveria bassiana as biological control agent for Xylotrechus arvicola, a major insect pest in Spanish vineyards." Journal of Economic Entomology 111, no. 6: 2585-2591.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Journal of Stored Products Research
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ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Pedro Casquero; Víctor Suárez-Villanueva; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Samuel Álvarez-García; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alicia Lorenzana; Rosa Elena Cardoza; Santiago Gutierrez. Effect of trichodiene production by Trichoderma harzianum on Acanthoscelides obtectus. Journal of Stored Products Research 2018, 77, 231 -239.

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Pedro Casquero, Víctor Suárez-Villanueva, Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Samuel Álvarez-García, Sara Mayo-Prieto, Alicia Lorenzana, Rosa Elena Cardoza, Santiago Gutierrez. Effect of trichodiene production by Trichoderma harzianum on Acanthoscelides obtectus. Journal of Stored Products Research. 2018; 77 ():231-239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Pedro Casquero; Víctor Suárez-Villanueva; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Samuel Álvarez-García; Sara Mayo-Prieto; Alicia Lorenzana; Rosa Elena Cardoza; Santiago Gutierrez. 2018. "Effect of trichodiene production by Trichoderma harzianum on Acanthoscelides obtectus." Journal of Stored Products Research 77, no. : 231-239.

Original article
Published: 04 December 2017 in Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research
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Background and Aims An important factor for the success of a mass capture strategy to control cerambycids involves the selection of an effective trap–lure combination. Therefore, the aim was the evaluation of traps with lures and their efficacy for monitoring and mass trapping of Xylotrechus arvicola. Methods and Results Three trap types, Crosstrap, Delta and Screen‐adhesive, with lures baited with ethanol, were evaluated during 4 years in vineyards of two cultivars. The Crosstrap obtained the greatest catches during 2013 in Tempranillo (29.6 adults/trap) and Prieto Picudo (12.9 adults/trap). All trap types showed similar periods of greatest catches in both cultivars. Conclusions The Crosstrap achieved the greatest number of adults captured in both cultivars. The Delta and Screen‐adhesive had few catches. The Tempranillo has proved to be more susceptible to attack by this insect than Prieto Picudo. The capture period varies from 30 to 50 days in the same cultivar in different years. Low temperature during spring delays the appearance of adults. Significance of the Study The Crosstrap baited with ethanol captured the greatest number of X. arvicola adults. This trap can be used to improve monitoring of adult emergence and for controlling this pest by mass trapping.

ACS Style

A. Rodríguez-González; E. Sánchez-Maíllo; H.J. Peláez; S. Mayo; O. González-López; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Pedro Casquero. Evaluation of commercial and prototype traps forXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2017, 24, 190 -196.

AMA Style

A. Rodríguez-González, E. Sánchez-Maíllo, H.J. Peláez, S. Mayo, O. González-López, Guzmán Carro-Huerga, Pedro Casquero. Evaluation of commercial and prototype traps forXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 2017; 24 (2):190-196.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Rodríguez-González; E. Sánchez-Maíllo; H.J. Peláez; S. Mayo; O. González-López; Guzmán Carro-Huerga; Pedro Casquero. 2017. "Evaluation of commercial and prototype traps forXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an insect pest in Spanish vineyards." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 24, no. 2: 190-196.

Journal article
Published: 07 November 2017 in OENO One
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Aims: Xylotrechus arvicola is an important pest in vineyards of the Iberian Peninsula. The action of X. arvicola larvae, associated to the spread of fungi, causes direct and indirect damage in the vineyard. Biological parameters from wild (captured in the field) and laboratory females (reared in the laboratory) were investigated to provide more information about the pest-control measures.Methods and results: The pre-laying period, post-laying period, longevity and egg laying parameters (fecundity, viability and number) were evaluated in wild and laboratory females. Both female groups (wild and laboratory) needed a short pre-laying period, which was longer in wild females. Laboratory females, whose larvae were reared on artificial diet, had the greatest fecundity during the 1st two egg layings. Wild females showed the greatest fecundity and viability of eggs during the 1st egg laying; these fecundity and viability rates decreased over time with the next egg layings, whereas in laboratory females, fecundity and viability decreased faster. Wild females had the greatest percentage of viable eggs in the 1st six egg layings (44.11% in the 1st and 11.15% in the 6th), reaching a maximum number of 18 egg layings in laboratory.Conclusions: These results suggest that the diet satisfies larval nutritional requirements, increasing production of laboratory females´ eggs (greatest fecundity in the 1st two egg layings). Nevertheless, this artificial diet may lack certain essential nutrients that would increase the viability of eggs.Significance and impact of the study: The host, a woody plant, would provide these essential nutrients when the larvae of wild females are developing in the field, these wild females being able to perform successive egg layings in laboratory with a high viability of eggs.

ACS Style

Alvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo; Óscar González-López; Horacio José Peláez; Pedro Casquero. Biological parameters of Xylotrechus arvicola females, an insect pest in Iberian Peninsula vineyards. OENO One 2017, 51, 373 .

AMA Style

Alvaro Rodríguez-González, Sara Mayo, Óscar González-López, Horacio José Peláez, Pedro Casquero. Biological parameters of Xylotrechus arvicola females, an insect pest in Iberian Peninsula vineyards. OENO One. 2017; 51 (4):373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo; Óscar González-López; Horacio José Peláez; Pedro Casquero. 2017. "Biological parameters of Xylotrechus arvicola females, an insect pest in Iberian Peninsula vineyards." OENO One 51, no. 4: 373.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2017 in Entomological Research
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Xylotrechus arvicola is a pest of grape in some vine-producing regions of the Iberian Peninsula. Biological parameters and relationships (fecundity and percent fertility of eggs in relationship to body size) of females obtained in the laboratory and captured in vineyards were studied. In laboratory conditions, the mean developmental time of larvae ranged from 384 to 392 days and pupal stage varied between 12 to 14 days. Body size (BS) of X. arvicola females was significantly bigger than males. Fecundity was greater in the laboratory (147 eggs) than in the field (50 eggs) females, but the percent fertility of the laboratory eggs was lower (16 eggs). Laboratory females showed a bigger relationship between the production of eggs and BS than females captured in vineyards. Wild females (PDO Ribera del Duero and Tierra de León) had a positive relationship between the percent fertility of eggs and the BS. No correlation between the percent fertility of eggs and the BS was displayed by females captured in PDO Toro, but these females had a higher percent fertility (53 eggs) than the others PDO's. These biological parameters and relationships studied suggest that the artificial diet may lack certain essential nutrients that vine varieties can provide that favor the fertility of eggs. This explains why wild females have the potential to become a problem pest in the Tempranillo grape variety, with bilateral cordon and bush vines training systems that have the highest incidence of this cerambycid.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Horacio J. Peláez; Óscar González-López; Sara Mayo; Pedro A. Casquero. Effects of adults body size and larvae diet on the fecundity and percent fertility of eggs laid byXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) females, insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Entomological Research 2017, 48, 83 -91.

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Horacio J. Peláez, Óscar González-López, Sara Mayo, Pedro A. Casquero. Effects of adults body size and larvae diet on the fecundity and percent fertility of eggs laid byXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) females, insect pest in Spanish vineyards. Entomological Research. 2017; 48 (2):83-91.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Horacio J. Peláez; Óscar González-López; Sara Mayo; Pedro A. Casquero. 2017. "Effects of adults body size and larvae diet on the fecundity and percent fertility of eggs laid byXylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) females, insect pest in Spanish vineyards." Entomological Research 48, no. 2: 83-91.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2017 in Entomological Research
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Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important pest in vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in the main Iberian wine-producing regions. Larvae were reared with Semi-Synthetic Iglesias (SSI) diet over 27 months and two generations in the laboratory. Larval mortality was highest during the first (49.49 %) and second (9.38 %) month of rearing, increasing to 50.52 % during the first month if F2 reared larvae were obtained from an F1 adult female obtained in laboratory. The diet had sufficient nutrients to enable the pest to complete its life cycle within nine months, with F1 larval viability ranging from 23.49 % to 27.97 % and F2 larval viability reduced to 2.07 %. However, the diet did not allow for the completion of additional life cycles and generations (F3, F4,…). Larval mortality increased as the months of rearing (66.13 %, 69.51 % and 89.50 %) and generations (59.10 % and 76.93 % in F1 and F2, respectively) progressed in the laboratory. The larva–adult period of females obtained in the laboratory was longer than for males. In the laboratory, the life cycle was shortened in relation to the life cycle in the field because larvae did not require a cold period to break diapause and start pupation. This indicates that X. arvicola has the potential to complete its life cycle inside grape wood in vineyards of wine-producing regions with warmer winters.

ACS Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo; Óscar González-López; Horacio J. Peláez; Pedro A. Casquero. Response to rearing in laboratory of the xylophagous grape pest,Xylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Entomological Research 2017, 47, 235 -242.

AMA Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Sara Mayo, Óscar González-López, Horacio J. Peláez, Pedro A. Casquero. Response to rearing in laboratory of the xylophagous grape pest,Xylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Entomological Research. 2017; 47 (4):235-242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Sara Mayo; Óscar González-López; Horacio J. Peláez; Pedro A. Casquero. 2017. "Response to rearing in laboratory of the xylophagous grape pest,Xylotrechus arvicola(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)." Entomological Research 47, no. 4: 235-242.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2017 in Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research
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A. Rodríguez-González; H.J. Peláez; M. González-Núñez; Pedro Casquero. Control of egg and neonate larvae of Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a new vineyard pest, under laboratory conditions. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2017, 23, 112 -119.

AMA Style

A. Rodríguez-González, H.J. Peláez, M. González-Núñez, Pedro Casquero. Control of egg and neonate larvae of Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a new vineyard pest, under laboratory conditions. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 2017; 23 (1):112-119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Rodríguez-González; H.J. Peláez; M. González-Núñez; Pedro Casquero. 2017. "Control of egg and neonate larvae of Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a new vineyard pest, under laboratory conditions." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 23, no. 1: 112-119.

Abstracts
Published: 14 December 2016 in Planta Medica
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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the third most important food legume crop worldwide, surpassed only by soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and peanut (Arachis hypogea L.). Trichoderma (Teleomorph: Hypocrea) is a fungal genus that is found in the soil. It is a secondary fast-growing opportunistic invasive organism, which produces enzymes able to degrade the fungal cell wall and induce production of compounds with antimicrobial activity [1]. Farnesol is a signalling molecule for self-regulation that by accumulating in the extracellular space generates a response across local fungal population. The effects of farnesol production by Trichoderma in bean plants are unknown [2]. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different concentrations of farnesol on the development of bean. Bean seeds were surface-sterilized (1% sodium hypochlorite for 3 min and distilled water for 6 min) and pre-germinated. The plants were grown under controlled conditions in hydroponic culture for 14 days, and the effects of different concentrations of farnesol (10µM, 100µM, 1000µM, 2000µM and 5000µM) in the nutrition solution were evaluated by assessing the wet weight and dry weight of the aerial parts and root systems. The results (Figure 1) showed a negative effect on growth at concentrations of 10µM and 100µM farnesol, which could be related to abscisic acid synthesis. However, with 2000µM of farnesol, bean plants showed increased development of aerial parts and root systems. In conclusion, low concentrations of farnesol cause a reduced development of the root system and aerial part of the plant bean, while a high concentration (2000 uM) increases its development, presenting beneficial effects on the bean plant. Acknowledgements: The grant awarded to Sara Mayo Prieto (FPU12/00677) by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (Spain) and Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for National project “Farnesol as self-regulatory molecule in Trichoderma. Tyrosol and farnesol signaling in Trichoderma-bean interaction” (AGL2012 – 40041-C02 – 02). Junta de Castilla y León, for the project “Effect of terpenes and physiologically related compounds produced by Trichoderma parareesei in the development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and in defensive responses of this plant” (LE228U14). Keywords: Hydroponic culture, dry weight, wet weight, root, shoot. References: [1] Mayo S, Gutiérrez S, Malmierca MG, Lorenzana A, Campelo MP, Hermosa R, Casquero PA. Influence of Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma spp. in growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and in the induction of plant defense-related genes. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6: 685. [2] Malmierca MG, Cardoza RE, Alexander NJ, McCormick SP, Collado IG, Hermosa R, Monte E, Gutiérrez S. Relevance of trichothecenes in fungal physiology: Disruption of tri5 in Trichoderma arundinaceum. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 53: 22 – 33.

ACS Style

S Mayo; H Izquierdo; Ó González-López; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutierrez; Pa Casquero. Effect of Farnesol, a compound produced by Trichoderma when growing on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Planta Medica 2016, 81, S1 -S381.

AMA Style

S Mayo, H Izquierdo, Ó González-López, Álvaro Rodríguez-González, Alicia Lorenzana, Santiago Gutierrez, Pa Casquero. Effect of Farnesol, a compound produced by Trichoderma when growing on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Planta Medica. 2016; 81 (S 01):S1-S381.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S Mayo; H Izquierdo; Ó González-López; Álvaro Rodríguez-González; Alicia Lorenzana; Santiago Gutierrez; Pa Casquero. 2016. "Effect of Farnesol, a compound produced by Trichoderma when growing on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Planta Medica 81, no. S 01: S1-S381.

Abstracts
Published: 14 December 2016 in Planta Medica
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Xylotrechus arvicola Olivier is an important pest in vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in the main wine-producing regions of the Iberian Peninsula, and Acanthoscelides obtectus Say causes severe post-harvest losses in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Trichoderma (Teleomorph: Hypocrea) is a fungal genus found in the soil. It is a secondary fast growing opportunistic invasive, which produces enzymes able to degrade the fungal cell wall and compounds with antimicrobial activity [1]. Strains of Trichoderma spp. have shown good results in the biological control of pests [2]. The objective of this work was to determinate the insecticidal activity of Trichoderma harzianum against the immature stages of X. arvicola and A. obtectus under laboratory conditions. With a spray tower, the susceptibility of the immature stages of X. arvicola and A. obtectus against T. harzianum was evaluated. One mL of spore suspension (1 × 107 spores per mL) of T. harzianum was applied directly to the eggs. Every two days monitoring was carried out after treatment over 14 days, measuring the eggs size, the emergence of larvae and altered metamorphosis. The results (Figure 1A and Figure 1B) showed a good insecticidal activity of T. harzianum against both insect pests. T. harzianum showed peak inhibition in the immature stages of 83% and 88% in X. arvicola and A. obtectus, respectively. The insecticidal ability of T. harzianum to invade the eggs, proliferate inside them, and kill their larvae, make this fungus a potentially effective tool for the control of the immature stages of these species. Acknowledgements: [coauthors] I would like to thank the Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences of the Higher School and Technical Agricultural Engineering and the Institute of Environment, Natural Resources and Biodiversity of the University of León. Keywords: Biological control, insecticidal activity, Trichoderma harzianum, insect pest. References: [1] Mayo S, Gutiérrez S, Malmierca MG, Lorenzana A, Campelo MP, Hermosa R, Casquero PA. Influence of Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma spp. in growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and in the induction of plant defense-related genes. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6: 685 [2] Abdul-Wahid, OA, Elbanna, SM. Evaluation of the insecticidal activity of Fusarium solani and Trichoderma harzianum against cockroaches; Periplaneta americana. Afr J Microbiol Res 2012; 6: 1024 – 1032

ACS Style

Á Rodríguez-González; A Frontela; Alicia Lorenzana; P Henrique Da Silva; S Mayo; Ó González-López; S Gutiérrez; Pa Casquero. Insecticidal activity of Trichoderma harzianum against Xylotrechus arvicola and Acanthoscelides obtectus inmature stages. Planta Medica 2016, 81, S1 -S381.

AMA Style

Á Rodríguez-González, A Frontela, Alicia Lorenzana, P Henrique Da Silva, S Mayo, Ó González-López, S Gutiérrez, Pa Casquero. Insecticidal activity of Trichoderma harzianum against Xylotrechus arvicola and Acanthoscelides obtectus inmature stages. Planta Medica. 2016; 81 (S 01):S1-S381.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Á Rodríguez-González; A Frontela; Alicia Lorenzana; P Henrique Da Silva; S Mayo; Ó González-López; S Gutiérrez; Pa Casquero. 2016. "Insecticidal activity of Trichoderma harzianum against Xylotrechus arvicola and Acanthoscelides obtectus inmature stages." Planta Medica 81, no. S 01: S1-S381.