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Mr. David Algermissen
FEhS Institute

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Short Biography

Since 07/2015 Head of Department Secondary Raw Materials / Slag Metallurgy

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Review
Published: 28 July 2021 in Metals
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The steel industry is an important engine for sustainable growth, added value, and high-quality employment within the European Union. It is committed to reducing its CO2 emissions due to production by up to 50% by 2030 compared to 1990′s level by developing and upscaling the technologies required to contribute to European initiatives, such as the Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP) and the European Green Deal (EGD). The Clean Steel Partnership (CSP, a public–private partnership), which is led by the European Steel Association (EUROFER) and the European Steel Technology Platform (ESTEP), defined technological CO2 mitigation pathways comprising carbon direct avoidance (CDA), smart carbon usage SCU), and a circular economy (CE). CE approaches ensure competitiveness through increased resource efficiency and sustainability and consist of different issues, such as the valorization of steelmaking residues (dusts, slags, sludge) for internal recycling in the steelmaking process, enhanced steel recycling (scrap use), the use of secondary carbon carriers from non-steel sectors as a reducing agent and energy source in the steelmaking process chain, and CE business models (supply chain analyses). The current paper gives an overview of different technological CE approaches as obtained in a dedicated workshop called “Resi4Future—Residue valorization in iron and steel industry: sustainable solutions for a cleaner and more competitive future Europe” that was organized by ESTEP to focus on future challenges toward the final goal of industrial deployment.

ACS Style

Johannes Rieger; Valentina Colla; Ismael Matino; Teresa Branca; Gerald Stubbe; Andrea Panizza; Carlo Brondi; Mohammadtaghi Falsafi; Johannes Hage; Xuan Wang; Bernhard Voraberger; Thomas Fenzl; Victoria Masaguer; Eros Faraci; Loredana di Sante; Filippo Cirilli; Florian Loose; Christoph Thaler; Aintzane Soto; Piero Frittella; Gianpaolo Foglio; Cosmo di Cecca; Mattia Tellaroli; Marco Corbella; Marta Guzzon; Enrico Malfa; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen; Klaus Peters; Delphine Snaet. Residue Valorization in the Iron and Steel Industries: Sustainable Solutions for a Cleaner and More Competitive Future Europe. Metals 2021, 11, 1202 .

AMA Style

Johannes Rieger, Valentina Colla, Ismael Matino, Teresa Branca, Gerald Stubbe, Andrea Panizza, Carlo Brondi, Mohammadtaghi Falsafi, Johannes Hage, Xuan Wang, Bernhard Voraberger, Thomas Fenzl, Victoria Masaguer, Eros Faraci, Loredana di Sante, Filippo Cirilli, Florian Loose, Christoph Thaler, Aintzane Soto, Piero Frittella, Gianpaolo Foglio, Cosmo di Cecca, Mattia Tellaroli, Marco Corbella, Marta Guzzon, Enrico Malfa, Agnieszka Morillon, David Algermissen, Klaus Peters, Delphine Snaet. Residue Valorization in the Iron and Steel Industries: Sustainable Solutions for a Cleaner and More Competitive Future Europe. Metals. 2021; 11 (8):1202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Rieger; Valentina Colla; Ismael Matino; Teresa Branca; Gerald Stubbe; Andrea Panizza; Carlo Brondi; Mohammadtaghi Falsafi; Johannes Hage; Xuan Wang; Bernhard Voraberger; Thomas Fenzl; Victoria Masaguer; Eros Faraci; Loredana di Sante; Filippo Cirilli; Florian Loose; Christoph Thaler; Aintzane Soto; Piero Frittella; Gianpaolo Foglio; Cosmo di Cecca; Mattia Tellaroli; Marco Corbella; Marta Guzzon; Enrico Malfa; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen; Klaus Peters; Delphine Snaet. 2021. "Residue Valorization in the Iron and Steel Industries: Sustainable Solutions for a Cleaner and More Competitive Future Europe." Metals 11, no. 8: 1202.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2020 in Metals
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Slags produced in the steelmaking industry could be a source of chromium. Slags contain, depending on different types of slags, between 2 to 5 wt.% of Cr. Roasting of slag with NaOH, followed by subsequent leaching can produce leachates which can be efficiently processed using electrocoagulation (EC). This paper provides results from the EC process optimization for Cr(VI) solutions with initial concentration 1000 mg/L of Cr(VI). Influence of pH, current intensity and NaCl concentration on the efficiency of chromium recovery, energy consumption as well as solid product composition is discussed in detail. Optimum of pH = 6 was chosen for EC processing of Cr leachates as well as current intensities of 0.1–0.5 A because of the higher Cr/Fe ratio in solid product compared to higher current intensities. Results of EC processing of four real leachates of electric arc furnace carbon steel slag (EAFC), electric arc furnace stainless steel slag (EAFS), low carbon ferrochrome slag (LC FeCr) and high carbon ferrochrome slag (HC FeCr) were evaluated. Comparison of the results of four real leachate samples is presented. Obtained final solid product was identified as (Fe0.6 Cr0.4)2O3 and with up to 20% of Cr could be used as source of chromium in the ferrochrome production.

ACS Style

Lubomir Pikna; Maria Hezelova; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen; Ondrej Milkovic; Robert Findorak; Martin Cesnek; Jaroslav Briancin. Recovery of Chromium from Slags Leachates by Electrocoagulation and Solid Product Characterization. Metals 2020, 10, 1593 .

AMA Style

Lubomir Pikna, Maria Hezelova, Agnieszka Morillon, David Algermissen, Ondrej Milkovic, Robert Findorak, Martin Cesnek, Jaroslav Briancin. Recovery of Chromium from Slags Leachates by Electrocoagulation and Solid Product Characterization. Metals. 2020; 10 (12):1593.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lubomir Pikna; Maria Hezelova; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen; Ondrej Milkovic; Robert Findorak; Martin Cesnek; Jaroslav Briancin. 2020. "Recovery of Chromium from Slags Leachates by Electrocoagulation and Solid Product Characterization." Metals 10, no. 12: 1593.

Journal article
Published: 08 April 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Based on recently published research on leaching control mechanisms in electric arc furnace (EAF) slags, it is assumed that a FeO/SiO2 ratio of around one leads to low leached V and Cr concentrations. This ratio influences the mineral phase composition of the slag toward higher amounts of spinel and a lower solubility of calcium silicate phases by suppressing the formation of magnesiowuestite and highly soluble calcium silicate phases. To evaluate this hypothesis, laboratory and scaled up tests in an EAF pilot plant were performed on slag samples characterized by elevated V and Cr leaching and a high FeO/SiO2 ratio. Prior to the melting experiments, the optimum FeO/SiO2 ratio was calculated via FactSageTM. In the melting experiments, the ratio was adjusted by adding quartz sand, which also decreased the basicity (CaO/SiO2) of the slag. As a reference, remelting experiments without quartz sand addition were conducted and additionally, the influence of the cooling rate of the slag was examined. The remelted (without quartz sand) and the remelted modified slags (with quartz sand) were analyzed chemically and mineralogically and the leaching behavior was investigated. The modification of the slags yielded a minimized release of V and Cr, supporting the hypothesis that the FeO/SiO2 ratio influences the mineralogy and the leaching behavior.

ACS Style

Simone Neuhold; David Algermissen; Peter Drissen; Burkart Adamczyk; Peter Presoly; Klaus P. Sedlazeck; Johannes Schenk; Johann G. Raith; Roland Pomberger; Daniel Vollprecht. Tailoring the FeO/SiO2 Ratio in Electric Arc Furnace Slags to Minimize the Leaching of Vanadium and Chromium. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 2549 .

AMA Style

Simone Neuhold, David Algermissen, Peter Drissen, Burkart Adamczyk, Peter Presoly, Klaus P. Sedlazeck, Johannes Schenk, Johann G. Raith, Roland Pomberger, Daniel Vollprecht. Tailoring the FeO/SiO2 Ratio in Electric Arc Furnace Slags to Minimize the Leaching of Vanadium and Chromium. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (7):2549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simone Neuhold; David Algermissen; Peter Drissen; Burkart Adamczyk; Peter Presoly; Klaus P. Sedlazeck; Johannes Schenk; Johann G. Raith; Roland Pomberger; Daniel Vollprecht. 2020. "Tailoring the FeO/SiO2 Ratio in Electric Arc Furnace Slags to Minimize the Leaching of Vanadium and Chromium." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7: 2549.

Review
Published: 05 March 2020 in Metals
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Over the last few decades, the European steel industry has focused its efforts on the improvement of by-product recovery and quality, based not only on existing technologies, but also on the development of innovative sustainable solutions. These activities have led the steel industry to save natural resources and to reduce its environmental impact, resulting in being closer to its “zero-waste” goal. In addition, the concept of Circular Economy has been recently strongly emphasised at a European level. The opportunity is perceived of improving the environmental sustainability of the steel production by saving primary raw materials and costs related to by-products and waste landfilling. The aim of this review paper was to analyse the most recent results on the reuse and recycling of by-products of the steelmaking cycles as well as on the exploitation of by-products from other activities outside the steel production cycle, such as alternative carbon sources (e.g., biomasses and plastics). The most relevant results are identified and a global vision of the state-of-the-art is extracted, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the main outcomes achieved by the European steel industry and of the ongoing or potential synergies with other industrial sectors.

ACS Style

Teresa Annunziata Branca; Valentina Colla; David Algermissen; Hanna Granbom; Umberto Martini; Agnieszka Morillon; Roland Pietruck; Sara Rosendahl. Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe. Metals 2020, 10, 345 .

AMA Style

Teresa Annunziata Branca, Valentina Colla, David Algermissen, Hanna Granbom, Umberto Martini, Agnieszka Morillon, Roland Pietruck, Sara Rosendahl. Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe. Metals. 2020; 10 (3):345.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Teresa Annunziata Branca; Valentina Colla; David Algermissen; Hanna Granbom; Umberto Martini; Agnieszka Morillon; Roland Pietruck; Sara Rosendahl. 2020. "Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe." Metals 10, no. 3: 345.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2019 in Minerals
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The CHROMIC project (effiCient mineral processing and Hydrometallurgical RecOvery of by-product Metals from low-grade metal contaIning seCondary raw materials) aims to recover chromium from steelmaking and ferrochrome slags to regain valuable resources and simultaneously reduce potential environmental impacts. To develop the recovery flowsheets and reliably calculate metal recovery, an accurate assessment of chromium concentration and distribution is essential. Therefore, model streams were thoroughly characterized using a combination of analytical techniques. In all materials, chromium is present in distinct but often small spinel phases, intergrown with other minerals and showing a considerable zonation in Cr content with higher amounts in the cores. The small size of the Cr-rich particles makes recovery by mineral processing challenging. Measured chromium content was found to differ largely based on the chemical dissolution method applied. The analysis of insoluble residues and comparison with a standard reference material evidenced that standard acid dissolution procedures based on HCl/HNO3/HBF4 and HNO3/HF/H2O2 are insufficient to fully dissolve spinel structures, leading to severe underestimations of chromium content. A sodium peroxide treatment is required for a full dissolution of spinels. This is noteworthy, since most of the legislation for the reuse of slags is currently based on acid dissolution methods.

ACS Style

Liesbeth Horckmans; Robert Möckel; Peter Nielsen; Frantisek Kukurugya; Christine Vanhoof; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen. Multi-Analytical Characterization of Slags to Determine the Chromium Concentration for a Possible Re-Extraction. Minerals 2019, 9, 646 .

AMA Style

Liesbeth Horckmans, Robert Möckel, Peter Nielsen, Frantisek Kukurugya, Christine Vanhoof, Agnieszka Morillon, David Algermissen. Multi-Analytical Characterization of Slags to Determine the Chromium Concentration for a Possible Re-Extraction. Minerals. 2019; 9 (10):646.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liesbeth Horckmans; Robert Möckel; Peter Nielsen; Frantisek Kukurugya; Christine Vanhoof; Agnieszka Morillon; David Algermissen. 2019. "Multi-Analytical Characterization of Slags to Determine the Chromium Concentration for a Possible Re-Extraction." Minerals 9, no. 10: 646.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2019 in Minerals
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In this study, possible leaching control mechanisms for Cr and V in electric arc furnace slags were investigated by using a multi-methodological approach. Aside from chemical and mineralogical bulk analyses, special emphasis was given to surface investigations of the slags prior to and after leaching. In addition, pH dependence leaching tests were performed and the obtained data were evaluated with hydrogeochemical models. Investigations revealed that Cr and V are mainly bound in spinel and wuestite as well as minor amounts of olivine. Spinel and wuestite do not dissolve during water leaching for 48 h, whereas, depending on the composition of olivine, this phase either dissolves and releases V and Cr congruently, or does not dissolve but may hydrate. Melilite may also hydrate, but neither V nor Cr were detected in this phase. It appears that leached V is subsequently adsorbed onto these newly hydrated phases. The combination of the applied methods further showed that the abundance of calcium silicates, spinel, and wuestite is influenced by the FeO/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag. Therefore, it is assumed that the leaching of V and Cr can be minimized by changing these ratios to favor the formation of Fe bearing calcium silicate and spinel instead of wuestite.

ACS Style

Simone Neuhold; André Van Zomeren; Joris J. Dijkstra; Hans A. Van Der Sloot; Peter Drissen; David Algermissen; Dirk Mudersbach; Susanne Schüler; Thomas Griessacher; Johann G. Raith; Roland Pomberger; Daniel Vollprecht. Investigation of Possible Leaching Control Mechanisms for Chromium and Vanadium in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slags Using Combined Experimental and Modeling Approaches. Minerals 2019, 9, 525 .

AMA Style

Simone Neuhold, André Van Zomeren, Joris J. Dijkstra, Hans A. Van Der Sloot, Peter Drissen, David Algermissen, Dirk Mudersbach, Susanne Schüler, Thomas Griessacher, Johann G. Raith, Roland Pomberger, Daniel Vollprecht. Investigation of Possible Leaching Control Mechanisms for Chromium and Vanadium in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slags Using Combined Experimental and Modeling Approaches. Minerals. 2019; 9 (9):525.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simone Neuhold; André Van Zomeren; Joris J. Dijkstra; Hans A. Van Der Sloot; Peter Drissen; David Algermissen; Dirk Mudersbach; Susanne Schüler; Thomas Griessacher; Johann G. Raith; Roland Pomberger; Daniel Vollprecht. 2019. "Investigation of Possible Leaching Control Mechanisms for Chromium and Vanadium in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slags Using Combined Experimental and Modeling Approaches." Minerals 9, no. 9: 525.