A 0.8-V resistor-based CMOS temperature sensor in 65-nm CMOS process with low supply sensitivity is presented. The temperature-to-voltage conversion gain is maximized by utilizing two types of on-chip resistors with positive and negative temperature coefficient. Reusing the resistor sensor frontend as a reference, the voltage generator of the subsequent A/D converter inherently removes the supply dependence of temperature-to-digital conversion. A 10-bit sub-ranging A/D converter employing 5-bit amplifying interpolation D/A converter enables low-voltage and low-noise A/D conversion. Over a range of -45 °C ~ 85 °C, the proposed sensor achieves 0.12 °C _rms temperature resolution with a conversion time of 10 μs. After a 2-point calibration, the sensor achieves an inaccuracy of less than +1.6/-1 °C while consuming 47 μW from 0.8-V supply voltage. Measured supply sensitivity is 0.28 °C/V over 0.6 ~1.2 V, which is one of the lowest ever reported among sub-1-V temperature-to-digital converter designs.

We consider the discrete-timeGeoX/G/1queue underN-policy with single and multiple vacations. In this queueing system, the server takes multiple vacations and a single vacation whenever the system becomes empty and begins to serve customers only if the queue length is at least a predetermined threshold valueN. Using the well-known property of stochastic decomposition, we derive the stationary queue-length distributions for both vacation models in a simple and unified manner. In addition, we derive their busy as well as idle-period distributions. Some classical vacation models are considered as special cases.

The sound inside a passenger cabin is composed of many elements, which include irritating noises such as buzzes, squeaks and rattles. Customer perception of buzz, squeak and rattle (BSR) is measured by Things Gone Wrong (TGW), warranty claims and JD Power surveys.1)The Speaker BSR test has been adopted to evaluate and to eliminate rattle noise of a door module while playing sound through the audio system. Subjective listening had been the preferred method for rattle noise detection, due to the sound of the audio system in any measurement.In this paper a quantitative approach for the rattle noise under the speaker test is proposed. The HANIL E-HWA rattle index was developed using a high pass filter, hiss noise reduction filter, SPL data with short time constant, peak value and fluctuation. The high pass filter was adopted to separate the rattle noise from the speaker sound, due to much higher sound pressure level [108 dB(A)] in the latter case. It is then possible to quantify the rattle noise by the HANIL E-HWA rattle index based on the peak values and fluctuations of the SPL data in the speaker BSR test.This article includes test results which show the improved rattle noise detection capability of the HANIL E-HWA rattle index.

This paper presents an optimal digital filtering technique to enhance the resolution of incremental delta-sigma modulators (incremental DSMs, IDSMs) using a low-power passive integrator. We first describe a link between a passive integrator and its impact on the output of the IDSM. We then show that the optimal digital filter design can be cast as a convex optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved. As a test vehicle of the proposed technique, we use a behavioral 2nd-order IDSM model that captures critical non-idealities of the integrator, such as gain compression and output saturation. The effectiveness of the presented technique is verified using extensive simulations. The result shows that the presented filtering technique improves signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) by 15 dB–20 dB, achieving SNDR over 90 dB when the oversampling ratio (OSR) = 256, and this corresponds to best-in-class performance when compared to previously published DSM designs using passive integrators.