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Bovine plasma hydrolysates with a degree of hydrolysis of 19.1% have an iron chelating capacity of 38.5 ± 0.4% and increase the synthesis of ferritin in Caco-2 cells five-fold compared to the control.
Nathalia A. Gómez-Grimaldos; Leidy J. Gómez-Sampedro; José E. Zapata-Montoya; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría-Torán. Bovine plasma hydrolysates’ iron chelating capacity and its potentiating effect on ferritin synthesis in Caco-2 cells. Food & Function 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleNathalia A. Gómez-Grimaldos, Leidy J. Gómez-Sampedro, José E. Zapata-Montoya, Gabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Amparo Alegría-Torán. Bovine plasma hydrolysates’ iron chelating capacity and its potentiating effect on ferritin synthesis in Caco-2 cells. Food & Function. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNathalia A. Gómez-Grimaldos; Leidy J. Gómez-Sampedro; José E. Zapata-Montoya; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría-Torán. 2020. "Bovine plasma hydrolysates’ iron chelating capacity and its potentiating effect on ferritin synthesis in Caco-2 cells." Food & Function , no. : 1.
The consumption of milk-based fruit beverages enriched with plant sterols (PSs) has previously showed a cholesterol-lowering effect in postmenopausal women [1].
Virginia Blanco-Morales; Amparo Alegría; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. The Influence of Galactooligosaccharide Addition to a Plant Sterol-Enriched Beverage upon Plant Sterol Colonic Metabolization: A Clinical Trial. Proceedings 2020, 70, 42 .
AMA StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales, Amparo Alegría, Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. The Influence of Galactooligosaccharide Addition to a Plant Sterol-Enriched Beverage upon Plant Sterol Colonic Metabolization: A Clinical Trial. Proceedings. 2020; 70 (1):42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales; Amparo Alegría; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. 2020. "The Influence of Galactooligosaccharide Addition to a Plant Sterol-Enriched Beverage upon Plant Sterol Colonic Metabolization: A Clinical Trial." Proceedings 70, no. 1: 42.
The hypocholesterolemic effect of milk-based fruit beverages enriched with plant sterols (PS) has previously been demonstrated, obtaining a beneficial effect on the serum inflammatory status as well [1].
Virginia Blanco-Morales; Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre; Amparo Alegría; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. The Impact of Galactooligosaccharides on the Bioavailability of Sterols: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Proceedings 2020, 70, 40 .
AMA StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales, Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre, Amparo Alegría, Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. The Impact of Galactooligosaccharides on the Bioavailability of Sterols: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Proceedings. 2020; 70 (1):40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales; Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre; Amparo Alegría; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas. 2020. "The Impact of Galactooligosaccharides on the Bioavailability of Sterols: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Clinical Trial." Proceedings 70, no. 1: 40.
Unabsorbed cholesterol, along with that of bile secretions and flaked colon cells, can be metabolized by colonic microbiota. The generated metabolites have been proposed as promoters of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, the cytotoxicity (MTT assay) of the main commercially available cholesterol-derived metabolites (coprostanol, cholestanol, coprostanone, and cholestenone) on human colon cancer (Caco-2) and non-tumor (CCD-18Co) cells was evaluated at different physiologically relevant concentrations (9.4–300 µM) and incubation times (24–72 h). In general, the metabolites that most reduced cell viability were coprostanone (54–85% in Caco-2 and 20–81% in CCD- 18Co) and cholestenone (17–91% in Caco-2 and 14–81% in CCD-18Co). These two metabolites are the most hydrophobic, thus reflecting a possible relationship between hydrophobicity and cytotoxicity. Moreover, cholestenone (IC50 at 72 h: 5 ± 1 µg/mL) should be considered cytotoxic on CCD- 18Co cells (non-tumor cells) since it shows an IC50 close to the one considered toxic (<4 µg/mL). Furthermore, CCD-18Co cells are more vulnerable to the cytotoxic effect of cholesterol metabolites. Possible compensatory responses, attenuating the reduction in cell viability caused by cholesterol metabolites, were observed, however these reactions could favor inflammation, resistance to apoptosis, and cellular proliferation, likely contributing to the development of CRC. In conclusion, cholesterol metabolites, mainly the most hydrophobic, could act as promoters of CRC through their cytotoxic activity.
Mussa Makran; Gabriel López-García; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría; Antonio Cilla. Cytotoxic Effect of Cholesterol Metabolites on Human Colonic Tumor (Caco-2) and Non-Tumor (CCD-18Co) Cells and Their Potential Implication in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Proceedings 2020, 70, 56 .
AMA StyleMussa Makran, Gabriel López-García, Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría, Antonio Cilla. Cytotoxic Effect of Cholesterol Metabolites on Human Colonic Tumor (Caco-2) and Non-Tumor (CCD-18Co) Cells and Their Potential Implication in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Proceedings. 2020; 70 (1):56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMussa Makran; Gabriel López-García; Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría; Antonio Cilla. 2020. "Cytotoxic Effect of Cholesterol Metabolites on Human Colonic Tumor (Caco-2) and Non-Tumor (CCD-18Co) Cells and Their Potential Implication in Colorectal Carcinogenesis." Proceedings 70, no. 1: 56.
Iron deficiencies continue to cause significant health problems in vulnerable populations. A good strategy to combat mineral deficiency includes fortification with iron-binding peptides. This research aims to determine the optimal conditions to hydrolyze red tilapia viscera (RTV) using Alcalase 2.4 L and recovery of iron-binding protein hydrolysate. The result showed that under the optimal hydrolysis condition including pH 10, 60 °C, E/S ratio of 0.306 U/g protein, and substrate concentration of 8 g protein/L, the obtained hydrolysate with 42.5% degree of hydrolysis (RTVH-B), displayed the maximal iron-binding capacity of 67.1 ± 1.9%. Peptide fractionation was performed using ultrafiltration and the p < 0.05) than iron salt in its free form, increased 4.7 times for the Fe2+–RTVH-B complex. This research suggests a potential application of RTVH-B as dietary supplements to improve iron absorption.
Leidy J. Gómez; Nathalia A. Gómez; José E. Zapata; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría. Optimization of the Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Viscera Hydrolysis for Obtaining Iron-Binding Peptides and Evaluation of In Vitro Iron Bioavailability. Foods 2020, 9, 883 .
AMA StyleLeidy J. Gómez, Nathalia A. Gómez, José E. Zapata, Gabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Amparo Alegría. Optimization of the Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Viscera Hydrolysis for Obtaining Iron-Binding Peptides and Evaluation of In Vitro Iron Bioavailability. Foods. 2020; 9 (7):883.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeidy J. Gómez; Nathalia A. Gómez; José E. Zapata; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría. 2020. "Optimization of the Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Viscera Hydrolysis for Obtaining Iron-Binding Peptides and Evaluation of In Vitro Iron Bioavailability." Foods 9, no. 7: 883.
The antiproliferative effect of the bioaccessible fractions (BFs) of four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens (broccoli, kale, mustard and radish) was evaluated on colon cancer Caco-2 cells vs. normal colon CCD18-Co cells after 24 h treatment with BFs diluted 1:10 v/v in cell culture medium. Their bioactivity was compared with the digestion blank, while the colon cancer chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil was used as a positive control. Cell viability (mitochondrial enzyme activity assay (MTT test) and Trypan blue test) and mechanisms related to antiproliferative activity (cell cycle, apoptosis/necrosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Ca2+ and glutathione (GSH) intracellular content) were studied. All microgreen BFs increased ROS and decreased GSH, altering the redox status and causing mitochondrial membrane dissipation followed by a general cell cycle arrest in G2/M and apoptotic cell death via a Ca2+-independent mechanism. As a result, the antioxidant bioactive compounds present in these microgreen species reduced the proliferation of tumoral cells (10 to 12.8% -MTT or 20 to 41.9% -Trypan blue), showing lesser effects with broccoli microgreens, in line with their lower ascorbic acid content and total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the daily intake of microgreens within a balanced diet could be a preventive nutritional strategy to reduce the burden of chronic degenerative diseases such as colon cancer.
Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Máñez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 368 .
AMA StyleBeatriz De La Fuente, Gabriel López-García, Vicent Máñez, Amparo Alegría, Reyes Barberá, Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (5):368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Máñez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. 2020. "Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition." Antioxidants 9, no. 5: 368.
Microgreens constitute an emerging class of fresh, healthy foods due to their nutritional composition. In this study the content of minerals and antioxidant bioactive compounds, and for the first time bioaccessibility, were evaluated in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), green curly kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica L.), red mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) hydroponic microgreens. Macro- (K, Ca, Mg) and oligo-elements (Fe, Zn), ascorbic acid, total soluble polyphenols, total carotenoids, total anthocyanins, total isothiocyanates and total antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) were determined before and after the standardized simulated gastrointestinal digestion process. All microgreens provided relevant amounts of vitamin C (31–56 mg/100 g fresh weight) and total carotenoids (162–224 mg β-carotene/100 g dry weight). Mineral content was comparable to that normally found in hydroponic microgreens and the low potassium levels observed would allow their dietetic recommendation for patients with impaired kidney function. Both total soluble polyphenols and total isothiocyanates were the greatest contributors to the total antioxidant capacity after digestion (43–70% and 31–63% bioaccessibility, respectively) while macroelements showed an important bioaccessibility (34–90%). In general, radish and mustard presented the highest bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds and minerals. Overall, the four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens present a wide array of antioxidant bioactive compounds.
Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Mañez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens. Foods 2019, 8, 250 .
AMA StyleBeatriz De La Fuente, Gabriel López-García, Vicent Mañez, Amparo Alegría, Reyes Barberá, Antonio Cilla. Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens. Foods. 2019; 8 (7):250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Mañez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. 2019. "Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens." Foods 8, no. 7: 250.
The antioxidant capacity of red tilapia viscera hydrolysates (RTVH) with different degrees of hydrolysis (DH) as well as their ultrafiltration membrane fractions, were analyzed using different chemical assays. Their protective effects against oxidative stress were evaluated using H2O2-stressed human intestinal differentiated Caco-2. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained with a DH of 42.5% (RTVH-A) and its <1 kDa fraction (FRTVH-V). RTVH-A and FRTVH-V did not show cytotoxic effects at a concentration of ≤0.5 mg/mL,prevented the decrease in cell viability, and suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation induced by H2O2. However, pretreatment with RTVH-A after adding H2O2, showed a greater decrease in glutathione levels. Moreover, FRTVH-V allowed for a recovery close to that of control levels of cell proportions in the G1 and G2/M cell cycle phases; and a decrease in the cell proportion in late apoptosis. These results suggest that RTVH-A and FRTVH-V can be beneficial ingredients with antioxidant properties and can have protective effects against ROS-mediated intestinal injuries.
Leidy J. Gómez; Nathalia A. Gómez; José E. Zapata; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría. In-vitro antioxidant capacity and cytoprotective/cytotoxic effects upon Caco-2 cells of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) viscera hydrolysates. Food Research International 2019, 120, 52 -61.
AMA StyleLeidy J. Gómez, Nathalia A. Gómez, José E. Zapata, Gabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Amparo Alegría. In-vitro antioxidant capacity and cytoprotective/cytotoxic effects upon Caco-2 cells of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) viscera hydrolysates. Food Research International. 2019; 120 ():52-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeidy J. Gómez; Nathalia A. Gómez; José E. Zapata; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Amparo Alegría. 2019. "In-vitro antioxidant capacity and cytoprotective/cytotoxic effects upon Caco-2 cells of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) viscera hydrolysates." Food Research International 120, no. : 52-61.
The potential anti-inflammatory effect of plant sterols (PS) enriched milk-based fruit beverages (PS, 1 g/100 mL) (MfB) with/without galactooligosaccharides (GOS, 2 g/100 mL) (MfB-G) in an experimental mice model of chronic ulcerative colitis was evaluated. Beverages were orally administered to mice every day by gavage to achieve PS and GOS doses of 35 and 90 mg/kg, respectively, and experimental colitis was induced by giving mice drinking water ad libitum containing 2% (w/v) dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) for 7 days, alternating with periods without DSS up to the end of the study (56 days). MfB beverage showed significant reduction of symptoms associated to ulcerative colitis and improved the colon shortening and mucosal colonic damage, but it was not able to reduce the increase of myeloperoxidase levels produced by DSS. MfB-G showed higher incidence of bloody feces and loss of stool consistency than MfB, as well as high levels of immune cells infiltration in colon tissue and myeloperoxidase. Therefore, PS-enriched milk-based fruit beverage could be an interesting healthy food to extend the remission periods of the diseases and the need to evaluate, in a pre-clinical model, the anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of bioactive compounds in the context of a whole food matrix.
Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría; María C. Recio. Effect of a Milk-Based Fruit Beverage Enriched with Plant Sterols and/or Galactooligosaccharides in a Murine Chronic Colitis Model. Foods 2019, 8, 114 .
AMA StyleGabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría, María C. Recio. Effect of a Milk-Based Fruit Beverage Enriched with Plant Sterols and/or Galactooligosaccharides in a Murine Chronic Colitis Model. Foods. 2019; 8 (4):114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría; María C. Recio. 2019. "Effect of a Milk-Based Fruit Beverage Enriched with Plant Sterols and/or Galactooligosaccharides in a Murine Chronic Colitis Model." Foods 8, no. 4: 114.
There are scarce data on plant sterols (PS) and gut microbiota relationship. The purpose of this study is to compare the interaction between PS and gut microbiota through in vitro colonic fermentation studies using a validated system (TIM-2) with a PS-enriched dose (∼2 g/day) from two sources (food PS-source ingredient and commercial standard) using microbiota from lean and obese populations. Fecal sterols, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbiota composition were determined by GC/MS, IEC, and 16S-sequencing, respectively. PS-feeding decreased coprostanol and ethylcoprostanol concentration and increased the production of acetate and butyrate (mainly with lean microbiota). In addition, the PS-enrichment dose increased the proportion of some genera from phylum Firmicutes with lean and obese microbiota. The results obtained suggest that the gut microbiota preferably use PS as a substrate. In addition, PS-enrichment dose had no effect on the production of SCFA but modified the microbial profile of lean and obese populations.
María Cuevas-Tena; Amparo Alegria; María Jesús Lagarda; Koen Venema. Impact of plant sterols enrichment dose on gut microbiota from lean and obese subjects using TIM-2 in vitro fermentation model. Journal of Functional Foods 2019, 54, 164 -174.
AMA StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena, Amparo Alegria, María Jesús Lagarda, Koen Venema. Impact of plant sterols enrichment dose on gut microbiota from lean and obese subjects using TIM-2 in vitro fermentation model. Journal of Functional Foods. 2019; 54 ():164-174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena; Amparo Alegria; María Jesús Lagarda; Koen Venema. 2019. "Impact of plant sterols enrichment dose on gut microbiota from lean and obese subjects using TIM-2 in vitro fermentation model." Journal of Functional Foods 54, no. : 164-174.
Breast, prostate, and colon cancer account for the highest incidents of all cancers in the human population. Plant extracts, used as food or in traditional medicine, contain different phytochemicals (including phytosterols) that could exert anticarcinogenic effects. Plant extracts comprise a complex series of bioactive compounds, with a low percentage of phytosterols (up to 6%). Antiproliferative activity is mainly evaluated on the basis of IC50, with mechanistic action studies being scarce. However, it is difficult to attribute anticarcinogenic effects only to the phytosterols present in plant extracts – although their contribution cannot be neglected. Regarding phytosterols isolated from plant extracts, stigmasterol has been shown to display the greatest antiproliferative action, followed by β‐sitosterol. Morphological changes with chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation, deregulation of the cell cycle, and apoptosis are the main mechanisms involved. The few published studies involving induced rat mammary tumor models have found phytosterols to reduce tumor volume and mass, with an increase in survival. This chapter reviews the activity of plant extracts containing phytosterols or of isolated phytosterols obtained from plant extracts upon breast, prostate, and colon cancer.
Gabriel López-García; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effects and Mechanism of Action of Phytosterols Derived from Bioactive Plant Extracts. Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives 2018, 145 -165.
AMA StyleGabriel López-García, Amparo Alegría, Reyes Barberá, Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effects and Mechanism of Action of Phytosterols Derived from Bioactive Plant Extracts. Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives. 2018; ():145-165.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel López-García; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. 2018. "Antiproliferative Effects and Mechanism of Action of Phytosterols Derived from Bioactive Plant Extracts." Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives , no. : 145-165.
Cholesterol intestinal absorption differs markedly from that of plant sterols; whereas the cholesterol absorption rate is high (30‐60%) for total plant sterols it is low (2‐3%). Non‐absorbed sterols reach the colon, where the microbiota interacts with them. Non‐absorbed cholesterol biotransformation has been widely studied by in vitro fermentation assays using gut microbiota from human feces and pure cultures of enteric microorganisms. A great variety of sterols and its metabolites have been detected, which allowed establishing two pathways for cholesterol microbial degradation to coprostanol. However, biotransformation studies of plant sterols are scarce and its microbial transformation pathway remains to be fully clarified. Furthermore, the sterol contents in feces are highly variable among individuals, due to specific microbiota and especially dietary factors. However, no standardized methodology has been developed for sterols and their metabolites determination in feces. Studies on sterol excretion values, microbial transformation and sterol determination methodology have been reviewed. Given that, cholesterol metabolites could contribute to the development of colon cancer and that information about of plant sterols biotransformation is scarce, this review contribute to improve the knowledge of the sterol implication in the gut microbiota and of PS impact in the colonic microbiota metabolization of cholesterol. Practical applications: It has been suggested that the metabolites produced during the biotransformation of cholesterol have pro‐carcinogenic activity within colon. In addition, it has been indicated that the intake of high doses of plant sterols, could attenuate or decrease this biotransformation. However, it is still unknown if the microbial metabolites of plant sterols have the same effect as those of animal origin. In order to shed light on the aforementioned aspects, all the information about the dietary sterols biotransformation and their impact on gut microbiota have been compiled. In addition, the sterols contents in feces and their methodologic analysis have also been reviewed. This review offers a broad view on the interaction between dietary sterols and gut microbiota, which could help to the better understand the relationship between microbiota and sterols for future research studies.
Maria Cuevas-Tena; Amparo Alegría; Maria Jesús Lagarda. Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 2018, 120, 1 .
AMA StyleMaria Cuevas-Tena, Amparo Alegría, Maria Jesús Lagarda. Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. 2018; 120 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Cuevas-Tena; Amparo Alegría; Maria Jesús Lagarda. 2018. "Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 120, no. 12: 1.
Cholesterol microbial transformation has been widely studied using in vitro fermentation assays, but less information is available on the biotransformation of plant sterols (PS). The excretion percentage of animal sterols (AS) (67–73%) is considerably greater than that of PS (27–33%) in feces from healthy humans following a Western diet. However, a lower content of AS in feces from subjects following a vegetarian, vegan or low-fat animal diet has been seen when compared to omnivorous subjects. Although only one human study has reported fecal sterol excretion after the consumption of PS-enriched food (8.6 g PS/day), it was found that the target group showed an increase in the excretion of cholesterol and a 57% decrease in its metabolites compared to the control group. Evaluation of the impact of a PS-enriched milk based fruit beverage intake on fecal sterol excretion and the microbial conversion of sterols in postmenopausal women with mild hypercholesterolemia. Forty postmenopausal women participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study with two beverages, with a PS-enriched (2 g PS/day) or without. The women were divided in two groups: 20 women consumed the PS-enriched beverage and the other 20 women consumed a placebo (without PS) beverage for 6 weeks. After a four-week washout period, the type of beverage was exchanged and consumed for another 6 weeks. Feces were collected at the start (0 and 10 weeks) and end of each intervention period (6 and 16 weeks), and fecal sterols were determined by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The intake of the PS-enriched beverage modified the fecal sterol excretion profile. A significant increase mainly in PS and their metabolites versus the placebo intervention period was observed. Although the same effect was not observed in the case of AS, a tendency towards increased cholesterol and decreased coprostanol (the main metabolite of cholesterol) was recorded after PS-enriched beverage intake versus placebo. Furthermore, the PS-enriched beverage also modified the microbial conversion of sterols. In this context, an important decrease in the conversion percentage of cholesterol in 16 women (between 11% and 50%) and of sitosterol in 24 women (between 15% and 61%) was observed. The results obtained suggest that the microbiota could preferably use PS as a substrate, when present in a greater proportion compared with cholesterol. Besides, a lower sitosterol and cholesterol conversion trend would mean that intake of the PS-enriched beverage could modulate the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Therefore, further studies on the impact of PS-enriched foods upon gut microbiota modulation are needed. Clinical Trial Registry Number: NCT 02065024 listed on the NIH website: ClinicalTrials.gov. Clinical Trial Registry Name: Food Matrix and Genetic Variability as Determinants of Bioavailability and Biological Effects of Beta-cryptoxanthin and Phytosterols (foodmagenpol). The full trial protocol is available upon request to the corresponding author.
María Cuevas-Tena; José D. Bermúdez; Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre; Amparo Alegría; María Jesús Lagarda. Impact of colonic fermentation on sterols after the intake of a plant sterol-enriched beverage: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial. Clinical Nutrition 2018, 38, 1549 -1560.
AMA StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena, José D. Bermúdez, Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre, Amparo Alegría, María Jesús Lagarda. Impact of colonic fermentation on sterols after the intake of a plant sterol-enriched beverage: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial. Clinical Nutrition. 2018; 38 (4):1549-1560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena; José D. Bermúdez; Ramona De Los Ángeles Silvestre; Amparo Alegría; María Jesús Lagarda. 2018. "Impact of colonic fermentation on sterols after the intake of a plant sterol-enriched beverage: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial." Clinical Nutrition 38, no. 4: 1549-1560.
Antonio Cilla; Lourdes Bosch; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. Effect of processing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds – A review focusing on carotenoids, minerals, ascorbic acid, tocopherols and polyphenols. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2018, 68, 3 -15.
AMA StyleAntonio Cilla, Lourdes Bosch, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría. Effect of processing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds – A review focusing on carotenoids, minerals, ascorbic acid, tocopherols and polyphenols. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2018; 68 ():3-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Cilla; Lourdes Bosch; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. 2018. "Effect of processing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds – A review focusing on carotenoids, minerals, ascorbic acid, tocopherols and polyphenols." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 68, no. : 3-15.
Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva; Antonio Cilla; Maria Teresa Bertoldo-Pacheco; Flavia Maria Netto; Amparo Alegría. Evaluation of in vitro iron bioavailability in free form and as whey peptide-iron complexes. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2018, 68, 95 -100.
AMA StyleMaria Elisa Caetano-Silva, Antonio Cilla, Maria Teresa Bertoldo-Pacheco, Flavia Maria Netto, Amparo Alegría. Evaluation of in vitro iron bioavailability in free form and as whey peptide-iron complexes. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2018; 68 ():95-100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Elisa Caetano-Silva; Antonio Cilla; Maria Teresa Bertoldo-Pacheco; Flavia Maria Netto; Amparo Alegría. 2018. "Evaluation of in vitro iron bioavailability in free form and as whey peptide-iron complexes." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 68, no. : 95-100.
Due to the preventive effect that plant sterols could have in relation to colon cancer and the scarce information available on plant sterols-gut microbiota interaction, we evaluate the sterols influence upon gut microbiota and viceversa. In vitro colonic fermentation using a residue from the in vitro digestion of a plant sterol-enriched beverage were used. Faecal sterols by GC–MS, and gut microbiota using DNA sequencing were determined. A higher plant sterols metabolism and lower for cholesterol in presence of plant sterols was occurred. Neutral plant sterols decreased and its metabolites increased during fermentation times. The global changes in microbial communities were associated to fermentation time regardless the sterol supplementation. Notwithstanding, plant sterols decreased the proportion of Erysipelotrichaceae species and increased the abundance of phylotypes associated with Eubacterium hallii. The study confirms a higher plant sterols metabolism against cholesterol by gut microbiota. Plant sterols could help to increase the beneficial species abundance.
María Cuevas-Tena; Eva María Gómez del Pulgar; Alfonso Benítez-Páez; Yolanda Sanz; Amparo Alegría; María Jesús Lagarda. Plant sterols and human gut microbiota relationship: An in vitro colonic fermentation study. Journal of Functional Foods 2018, 44, 322 -329.
AMA StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena, Eva María Gómez del Pulgar, Alfonso Benítez-Páez, Yolanda Sanz, Amparo Alegría, María Jesús Lagarda. Plant sterols and human gut microbiota relationship: An in vitro colonic fermentation study. Journal of Functional Foods. 2018; 44 ():322-329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Cuevas-Tena; Eva María Gómez del Pulgar; Alfonso Benítez-Páez; Yolanda Sanz; Amparo Alegría; María Jesús Lagarda. 2018. "Plant sterols and human gut microbiota relationship: An in vitro colonic fermentation study." Journal of Functional Foods 44, no. : 322-329.
Bioaccessibility of sterols in milk-based fruit beverages: comparison of two in vitro digestions.
Virginia Blanco-Morales; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Guadalupe García-Llatas; Reyes Barberá; María Jesús Lagarda; Luis Manuel Sanchez-Siles; Amparo Alegría; Barberá Reyes; Lagarda María Jesús. The impact of galactooligosaccharides on the bioaccessibility of sterols in a plant sterol-enriched beverage: adaptation of the harmonized INFOGEST digestion method. Food & Function 2018, 9, 2080 -2089.
AMA StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales, Gabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Guadalupe García-Llatas, Reyes Barberá, María Jesús Lagarda, Luis Manuel Sanchez-Siles, Amparo Alegría, Barberá Reyes, Lagarda María Jesús. The impact of galactooligosaccharides on the bioaccessibility of sterols in a plant sterol-enriched beverage: adaptation of the harmonized INFOGEST digestion method. Food & Function. 2018; 9 (4):2080-2089.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVirginia Blanco-Morales; Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Guadalupe García-Llatas; Reyes Barberá; María Jesús Lagarda; Luis Manuel Sanchez-Siles; Amparo Alegría; Barberá Reyes; Lagarda María Jesús. 2018. "The impact of galactooligosaccharides on the bioaccessibility of sterols in a plant sterol-enriched beverage: adaptation of the harmonized INFOGEST digestion method." Food & Function 9, no. 4: 2080-2089.
The eryptotic and hemolytic effects of a phytosterol (PS) mixture (β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol) and/or β-cryptoxanthin (β-Cx) at physiological serum concentration and their effect against oxidative stress induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH) (75 and 300 µM) were evaluated. β-Cryptoxanthin produced an increase in eryptotic cells, cell volume, hemolysis and glutathione depletion (GSH), without ROS overproduction and intracellular Ca2+ influx. Co-incubation of both bioactive compounds protected against β-Cx-induced eryptosis. Under tBOOH stress, PS prevented eryptosis, reducing Ca+2 influx, ROS overproduction and GSH depletion at 75 µM, and hemolysis at both tBOOH concentrations. β-Cryptoxanthin showed no cytoprotective effect. Co-incubation with both bioactive compounds completely prevented hemolysis and partially prevented eryptosis, as well as GSH depletion induced by β-Cx plus tBOOH. Phytosterols at physiological serum concentrations help to prevent pro-eryptotic and hemolytic effects, and are promising candidate compounds for ameliorating eryptosis-associated diseases.
Andrea Alvarez-Sala; Gabriel López-García; Alessandro Attanzio; Luisa Tesoriere; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. Effects of Plant Sterols or β-Cryptoxanthin at Physiological Serum Concentrations on Suicidal Erythrocyte Death. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2018, 66, 1157 -1166.
AMA StyleAndrea Alvarez-Sala, Gabriel López-García, Alessandro Attanzio, Luisa Tesoriere, Antonio Cilla, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría. Effects of Plant Sterols or β-Cryptoxanthin at Physiological Serum Concentrations on Suicidal Erythrocyte Death. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2018; 66 (5):1157-1166.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Alvarez-Sala; Gabriel López-García; Alessandro Attanzio; Luisa Tesoriere; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. 2018. "Effects of Plant Sterols or β-Cryptoxanthin at Physiological Serum Concentrations on Suicidal Erythrocyte Death." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 66, no. 5: 1157-1166.
Fruit pulps from Navel (N) and Cara Cara (CC) oranges, and Clementine mandarin freshly harvested (M) and refrigerated stored (M12) were used to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of their bioaccessible fractions (BF) against HO-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. BF of samples preserved viability vs. HO treated cells, reaching values similar to controls. Lipid peroxidation was reduced to levels of control cells, but M did not reach control values. ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential changes (Δψ) values were reduced compared with HO treated cells, but without achieving control levels. A significant reduction in cell proportions in G1 phase and a significant increase in sub-G1 phase (apoptosis) of cell cycle was shown in HO treated cells, and BF allowed a recovery close to control levels. Thus, BF of samples protect the cells from oxidative stress by preserving cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and correct cell cycle progression, and diminishing lipid peroxidation and ROS.
Antonio Cilla; Maria J. Rodrigo; Lorenzo Zacarías; Begoña De Ancos; Concepción Sánchez-Moreno; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. Protective effect of bioaccessible fractions of citrus fruit pulps against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. Food Research International 2018, 103, 335 -344.
AMA StyleAntonio Cilla, Maria J. Rodrigo, Lorenzo Zacarías, Begoña De Ancos, Concepción Sánchez-Moreno, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría. Protective effect of bioaccessible fractions of citrus fruit pulps against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. Food Research International. 2018; 103 ():335-344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Cilla; Maria J. Rodrigo; Lorenzo Zacarías; Begoña De Ancos; Concepción Sánchez-Moreno; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. 2018. "Protective effect of bioaccessible fractions of citrus fruit pulps against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells." Food Research International 103, no. : 335-344.
Gabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. Antiproliferative effect of plant sterols at colonic concentrations on Caco-2 cells. Journal of Functional Foods 2017, 39, 84 -90.
AMA StyleGabriel López-García, Antonio Cilla, Reyes Barberá, Amparo Alegría. Antiproliferative effect of plant sterols at colonic concentrations on Caco-2 cells. Journal of Functional Foods. 2017; 39 ():84-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel López-García; Antonio Cilla; Reyes Barberá; Amparo Alegría. 2017. "Antiproliferative effect of plant sterols at colonic concentrations on Caco-2 cells." Journal of Functional Foods 39, no. : 84-90.