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Beatriz de la Fuente
Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 València, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Marine Drugs
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The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant capacity from salmon muscle remains, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins. A protein recovery percentage ≈28% was obtained for all samples except for viscera, which was ≈92%. These values represented an increase of 1.5–4.8-fold compared to stirring extraction (control). Different SDS-PAGE profiles in control and PLE extracts revealed that extraction conditions affected the protein molecular weight distribution of the obtained extracts. Both TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and ORAC (oxygen radical antioxidant capacity) assays showed an outstanding antioxidant activity for viscera PLE extract. Through liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple time-of-flight (nanoESI qQTOF) mass spectrometry, 137 and 67 peptides were identified in control and PLE extracts from salmon viscera, respectively None of these peptides was found among the antioxidant peptides inputted in the BIOPEP-UMP database. However, bioinformatics analysis showed several antioxidant small peptides encrypted in amino acid sequences of viscera extracts, especially GPP (glycine-proline-proline) and GAA (glycine-alanine-alanine) for PLE extracts. Further research on the relationship between antioxidant activity and specific peptides from salmon viscera PLE extracts is required. In addition, the salmon side streams studied presented non-toxic levels of As, Hg, Cd, and Pb, as well as the absence of mycotoxins or related metabolites. Overall, these results confirm the feasible use of farmed salmon processing side streams as alternative sources of protein and bioactive compounds for human consumption.

ACS Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Houda Berrada; Francisco Barba. Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Marine Drugs 2021, 19, 323 .

AMA Style

Beatriz de la Fuente, Noelia Pallarés, Houda Berrada, Francisco Barba. Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Marine Drugs. 2021; 19 (6):323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Houda Berrada; Francisco Barba. 2021. "Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE)." Marine Drugs 19, no. 6: 323.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in Marine Drugs
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The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used, for the first time, to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant activity from side streams (muscle, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins) of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) in order to give added value to these underutilized matrices. Extraction conditions previously optimized for sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) side streams were applied. Protein recovery percentages were 22% (muscle), 33% (heads), 78% (viscera), 24% (skin), and 26% (tailfins), which represented an increase of 1.2–4.5-fold compared to control samples (extraction by stirring). The SDS-PAGE profiles revealed that PLE-assisted extraction influenced protein molecular weight distribution of the obtained extracts. PLE conditions also allowed increasing the antioxidant capacity measured by both Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC; 1.3–2.4 fold) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC; 1.9–6.4) assays for all fish extracts. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-qTOF-MS) were used to investigate the presence of toxic metals and mycotoxins in sea bream side streams. The levels of As, Hg, Cd, and Pb were below those established by authorities for fish muscle for human consumption (except for Cd in viscera samples). Through a nontargeted screening approach, no mycotoxins or related metabolites were detected for all sea bream side streams. This study contributes to the research on the valorization of fish processing side streams using environmentally friendly technology.

ACS Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Houda Berrada; Francisco Barba. Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts from Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Side Streams Assisted by Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Marine Drugs 2021, 19, 199 .

AMA Style

Beatriz de la Fuente, Noelia Pallarés, Houda Berrada, Francisco Barba. Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts from Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Side Streams Assisted by Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Marine Drugs. 2021; 19 (4):199.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Houda Berrada; Francisco Barba. 2021. "Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts from Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Side Streams Assisted by Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE)." Marine Drugs 19, no. 4: 199.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2021 in Foods
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In this study, the presence of As, Hg, Cd, Pb, and mycotoxins in sea bass side streams (muscle, head, viscera, skin, and tailfin) was evaluated as a preliminary step to assess the effect of an innovative extraction technique (Pressurized Liquid Extraction; PLE) to obtain antioxidant protein extracts. Then, a response surface methodology-central composite design was used to evaluate and optimize the PLE extraction factors (pH, temperature, and extraction time) in terms of total protein content and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC and ORAC). Heavy metals were found in all samples while DON mycotoxin only in viscera, both far below the safe limits established by authorities for fish muscle tissue and fish feed, respectively. The selected optimal PLE extraction conditions were pH 7, 20 °C, 5 min for muscle, pH 4, 60 °C, 15 min for heads, pH 7, 50 °C, 15 min for viscera, pH 7, 55 °C, 5 min for skin, and pH 7, 60 °C, 15 min for tailfins. Optimal PLE conditions allowed increasing protein content (1.2–4.5 fold) and antioxidant capacity (1–5 fold) of sea bass side stream extracts compared to controls (conventional extraction). The highest amount of protein was extracted from muscle while the highest protein recovery percentage was found in viscera. Muscle, head, and viscera extracts showed higher antioxidant capacity than skin and tailfin extracts. Moreover, different SDS-PAGE patterns were observed among samples and a greater quantity of protein fragments of lower molecular weight were found in optimal than control extracts.

ACS Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Francisco Barba; Houda Berrada. An Integrated Approach for the Valorization of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Side Streams: Evaluation of Contaminants and Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts by Pressurized Liquid Extraction. Foods 2021, 10, 546 .

AMA Style

Beatriz de la Fuente, Noelia Pallarés, Francisco Barba, Houda Berrada. An Integrated Approach for the Valorization of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Side Streams: Evaluation of Contaminants and Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts by Pressurized Liquid Extraction. Foods. 2021; 10 (3):546.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Noelia Pallarés; Francisco Barba; Houda Berrada. 2021. "An Integrated Approach for the Valorization of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Side Streams: Evaluation of Contaminants and Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts by Pressurized Liquid Extraction." Foods 10, no. 3: 546.

Journal article
Published: 28 April 2020 in Antioxidants
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The antiproliferative effect of the bioaccessible fractions (BFs) of four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens (broccoli, kale, mustard and radish) was evaluated on colon cancer Caco-2 cells vs. normal colon CCD18-Co cells after 24 h treatment with BFs diluted 1:10 v/v in cell culture medium. Their bioactivity was compared with the digestion blank, while the colon cancer chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil was used as a positive control. Cell viability (mitochondrial enzyme activity assay (MTT test) and Trypan blue test) and mechanisms related to antiproliferative activity (cell cycle, apoptosis/necrosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Ca2+ and glutathione (GSH) intracellular content) were studied. All microgreen BFs increased ROS and decreased GSH, altering the redox status and causing mitochondrial membrane dissipation followed by a general cell cycle arrest in G2/M and apoptotic cell death via a Ca2+-independent mechanism. As a result, the antioxidant bioactive compounds present in these microgreen species reduced the proliferation of tumoral cells (10 to 12.8% -MTT or 20 to 41.9% -Trypan blue), showing lesser effects with broccoli microgreens, in line with their lower ascorbic acid content and total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the daily intake of microgreens within a balanced diet could be a preventive nutritional strategy to reduce the burden of chronic degenerative diseases such as colon cancer.

ACS Style

Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Máñez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 368 .

AMA Style

Beatriz De La Fuente, Gabriel López-García, Vicent Máñez, Amparo Alegría, Reyes Barberá, Antonio Cilla. Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (5):368.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Máñez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. 2020. "Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition." Antioxidants 9, no. 5: 368.

Book chapter
Published: 07 January 2020 in Advances in Food and Nutrition Research
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There is currently a great demand for fish and seafood products. However, their high consumption produces large quantities of by-products that can be an ecological problem. That is why it is necessary to look for alternatives to revalue these products and give them a second life, thus reducing their environmental impact. In this sense, several investigations have been carried out in laboratories around the world to extract compounds from marine processing industry for the final high added-value products. Some of these compounds are collagen, omega 3 fatty acids, protein concentrates or chitin/chitosan, among others. Nevertheless, one of the critical steps for obtaining these compounds at the industrial level is the scale-up. Much of this research does not progress at the industrial level due to the complications of its large-scale research and use. However, the advances in technology entail that more research studies achieve to reach the industrial development phase. Once a product or process has been developed, it should be patented to protect its intellectual property. This chapter gives an overview of this entire process, showing some examples of patents or products from seafood by-products already marketed and providing some details of the corresponding legislation.

ACS Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Adrián Tornos; Andrea Príncep; José M. Lorenzo; Mirian Pateiro; Houda Berrada; Francisco J. Barba; Maria Jose Ruiz; Francisco J. Martí-Quijal. Scaling-up processes: Patents and commercial applications. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research 2020, 92, 187 -223.

AMA Style

Beatriz de la Fuente, Adrián Tornos, Andrea Príncep, José M. Lorenzo, Mirian Pateiro, Houda Berrada, Francisco J. Barba, Maria Jose Ruiz, Francisco J. Martí-Quijal. Scaling-up processes: Patents and commercial applications. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. 2020; 92 ():187-223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz de la Fuente; Adrián Tornos; Andrea Príncep; José M. Lorenzo; Mirian Pateiro; Houda Berrada; Francisco J. Barba; Maria Jose Ruiz; Francisco J. Martí-Quijal. 2020. "Scaling-up processes: Patents and commercial applications." Advances in Food and Nutrition Research 92, no. : 187-223.

Article
Published: 12 July 2019 in Microorganisms
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Penicillium digitatum is the major postharvest pathogen of citrus fruit under Mediterranean climate conditions. Previous results have shown that proteases is the largest enzyme family induced by P. digitatum during fruit infection. In the present work, we addressed the study of the role of P. digitatum’s proteases in virulence following two complementary approaches. In the first approach, we undertook the functional characterization of the P. digitatum prtT gene, which codes for a putative transcription factor previously shown to regulate extracellular proteases in other filamentous fungi. Deletion of prtT caused a significant loss in secreted protease activity during in vitro growth assays. However, there was no effect on virulence. Gene expression of the two major secreted acid proteases was barely affected in the ΔprtT deletant during infection of citrus fruit. Hence, no conclusion could be drawn on the role of these secreted acidic proteases on the virulence of P. digitatum. In the second approach, we studied the effect of different protease inhibitors and chelators on virulence. Co-inoculation of citrus fruit with P. digitatum conidia and a cocktail of protease inhibitors resulted in almost a complete absence of disease development. Analysis of individual inhibitors revealed that the metalloprotease inhibitor, 1,10-phenanthroline, was responsible for the observed effect. The application of metal ions reverted the protective effect caused by the metallopeptidase inhibitor. These results may set the basis for the development of new alternative treatments to combat this important postharvest pathogen.

ACS Style

Ana-Rosa Ballester; Mario López-Pérez; Beatriz de la Fuente; Luis González-Candelas. Functional and Pharmacological Analyses of the Role of Penicillium digitatum Proteases on Virulence. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 198 .

AMA Style

Ana-Rosa Ballester, Mario López-Pérez, Beatriz de la Fuente, Luis González-Candelas. Functional and Pharmacological Analyses of the Role of Penicillium digitatum Proteases on Virulence. Microorganisms. 2019; 7 (7):198.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana-Rosa Ballester; Mario López-Pérez; Beatriz de la Fuente; Luis González-Candelas. 2019. "Functional and Pharmacological Analyses of the Role of Penicillium digitatum Proteases on Virulence." Microorganisms 7, no. 7: 198.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2019 in Foods
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Microgreens constitute an emerging class of fresh, healthy foods due to their nutritional composition. In this study the content of minerals and antioxidant bioactive compounds, and for the first time bioaccessibility, were evaluated in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), green curly kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica L.), red mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) hydroponic microgreens. Macro- (K, Ca, Mg) and oligo-elements (Fe, Zn), ascorbic acid, total soluble polyphenols, total carotenoids, total anthocyanins, total isothiocyanates and total antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) were determined before and after the standardized simulated gastrointestinal digestion process. All microgreens provided relevant amounts of vitamin C (31–56 mg/100 g fresh weight) and total carotenoids (162–224 mg β-carotene/100 g dry weight). Mineral content was comparable to that normally found in hydroponic microgreens and the low potassium levels observed would allow their dietetic recommendation for patients with impaired kidney function. Both total soluble polyphenols and total isothiocyanates were the greatest contributors to the total antioxidant capacity after digestion (43–70% and 31–63% bioaccessibility, respectively) while macroelements showed an important bioaccessibility (34–90%). In general, radish and mustard presented the highest bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds and minerals. Overall, the four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens present a wide array of antioxidant bioactive compounds.

ACS Style

Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Mañez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens. Foods 2019, 8, 250 .

AMA Style

Beatriz De La Fuente, Gabriel López-García, Vicent Mañez, Amparo Alegría, Reyes Barberá, Antonio Cilla. Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens. Foods. 2019; 8 (7):250.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz De La Fuente; Gabriel López-García; Vicent Mañez; Amparo Alegría; Reyes Barberá; Antonio Cilla. 2019. "Evaluation of the Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds and Minerals of Four Genotypes of Brassicaceae Microgreens." Foods 8, no. 7: 250.