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Dr. Elisabeth Simelton
World Agroforestry (ICRAF)

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0 Agroforestry
0 land use change
0 climate services
0 Landscape approaches
0 climate change adaptation and resilience

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Agroforestry
climate change adaptation and resilience

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World Agroforestry (ICRAF) 13th floor HCMCC Tower, 249A Thuy Khue Hanoi Vietnam

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Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Sustainability
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For many family farms, migration is one strategy for reducing poverty and vulnerability to both natural hazards and economic risk. While more men typically migrate to work, the implications of this on the household are inconclusive, especially for the women who remain on the farms. This study employs a gender lens to examine the effects of economically driven migration on household decision-making, farm labor and disaster risk reduction, focusing on two disaster-prone regions with high poverty rates in Vietnam: Dien Bien (Northwest) and Ha Tinh (North Central Coast) provinces. Surveys of 228 households with at least one migrant worker showed a new generation of young male and female migrants, and that men over 30 years of age migrated for longer periods and more frequently than their spouses. Intrahousehold impacts differed according to risk strategies. In areas with a lower-risk coping strategy (Dien Bien), seasonal jobs coincided with periods of less intense farming activities. During the absence of male family members, women temporarily made more domestic decisions. In areas with a higher-risk adaptation strategy (Ha Tinh), farming was planned for longer absences; thus decisions remained largely unchanged. Remittances invested into agriculture contributed to shortening the recovery period after disasters and, in some cases, diversifying farming systems. The migrant’s absence was offset by relatives and neighbors as essential labor reserves. New resilient farming systems need to be disaster proof, gender-sensitive and free up labor.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Tuan Duong; Ella Houzer. When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4081 .

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Tuan Duong, Ella Houzer. When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4081.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Tuan Duong; Ella Houzer. 2021. "When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4081.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2020 in Land
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The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of several non-Annex I countries mention agroforestry but mostly without associated mitigation target. The absence of reliable data, including on existing agroforestry practices and their carbon storage, partially constrains the target setting. In this paper, we estimate the mitigation potential of agroforestry carbon sequestration in Vietnam using a nationwide agroforestry database and carbon data from the literature. Sequestered carbon was estimated for existing agroforestry systems and for areas into which these systems can be expanded. Existing agroforestry systems in Vietnam cover over 0.83 million hectares storing a 1346 ± 92 million ton CO2 equivalent including above-, belowground, and soil carbon. These systems could be expanded to an area of 0.93–2.4 million hectares. Of this expansion area, about 10% is considered highly suitable for production, with a carbon sequestration potential of 2.3–44 million ton CO2 equivalent over the period 2021–2030. If neglecting agroforestry’s potential for modifying micro-climates, climate change can reduce the highly suitable area of agroforestry and associated carbon by 34–48% in 2050. Agroforestry can greatly contribute to Vietnam’s 2021–2030 NDC, for example, to offset the greenhouse gas emissions of the agriculture sector.

ACS Style

Rachmat Mulia; Duong Dinh Nguyen; Mai Phuong Nguyen; Peter Steward; Van Thanh Pham; Hoang Anh Le; Todd Rosenstock; Elisabeth Simelton. Enhancing Vietnam’s Nationally Determined Contribution with Mitigation Targets for Agroforestry: A Technical and Economic Estimate. Land 2020, 9, 528 .

AMA Style

Rachmat Mulia, Duong Dinh Nguyen, Mai Phuong Nguyen, Peter Steward, Van Thanh Pham, Hoang Anh Le, Todd Rosenstock, Elisabeth Simelton. Enhancing Vietnam’s Nationally Determined Contribution with Mitigation Targets for Agroforestry: A Technical and Economic Estimate. Land. 2020; 9 (12):528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rachmat Mulia; Duong Dinh Nguyen; Mai Phuong Nguyen; Peter Steward; Van Thanh Pham; Hoang Anh Le; Todd Rosenstock; Elisabeth Simelton. 2020. "Enhancing Vietnam’s Nationally Determined Contribution with Mitigation Targets for Agroforestry: A Technical and Economic Estimate." Land 9, no. 12: 528.

Articles
Published: 08 September 2020 in Critical Asian Studies
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Drawing on the narratives of women and men who have domestic or international migration experiences, this study explores the gendered impacts of migration on small-scale farming in rural Ha Tinh province in Vietnam. The paper investigates men’s and women’s migration experiences, their influence on agricultural production, and impact on their livelihoods after migration. The findings show that households use various strategies to sustain agricultural production in the absence of some members. Women’s increased economic independence through labor migration has not necessarily lead to their increased management roles in agriculture, but they are increasingly challenging stereotypical images of rural women. While migration can be a catalyst for men to transform their livelihoods, it can also widen gaps in social and economic statuses among men.

ACS Style

Nozomi Kawarazuka; Tuan Minh Duong; Elisabeth Simelton. Gender, labor migration and changes in small-scale farming on Vietnam's north-central coast. Critical Asian Studies 2020, 52, 550 -564.

AMA Style

Nozomi Kawarazuka, Tuan Minh Duong, Elisabeth Simelton. Gender, labor migration and changes in small-scale farming on Vietnam's north-central coast. Critical Asian Studies. 2020; 52 (4):550-564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nozomi Kawarazuka; Tuan Minh Duong; Elisabeth Simelton. 2020. "Gender, labor migration and changes in small-scale farming on Vietnam's north-central coast." Critical Asian Studies 52, no. 4: 550-564.

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2019 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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Agroforestry—the integration of trees with crops and livestock—generates many benefits directly relevant to the UNFCCC’s Koronivia Joint Work on Agriculture, including: (i) building resilience, (ii) increasing soil carbon and improving soil health, (iii) providing fodder and shade for sustainable livestock production and (iv) diversifying human diets and economic opportunities. Despite its significance to the climate agenda, agroforestry may not be included in measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) systems under the UNFCCC. Here we report on a first appraisal of how agroforestry is treated in national MRV systems under the UNFCCC. We examined national communications (NCs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of 147 countries, REDD + strategies and plans of 73 countries, and 283 Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), as well as conducted interviews with representatives of 12 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. We found that there is a significant gap between national ambition and national ability to measure and report on agroforestry. Forty percent of the countries assessed explicitly propose agroforestry as a solution in their NDCs, with agroforestry being embraced most widely in Africa (71%) and less broadly in the Americas (34%), Asia (21%) and Oceania (7%). Seven countries proposed 10 agroforestry-based NAMAs. Of 73 developing countries that have REDD + strategies, about 50% identified agroforestry as a way to combat forest decline. Despite these intentions, however, agroforestry is not visible in many MRV systems. For example, although 66% of the countries reported non-forest trees in the national inventory, only 11% gave a quantitative estimate of number of trees or areal extent. Interviews revealed institutional, technical and financial challenges preventing comprehensive, transparent inclusion of agroforestry in MRV systems. The absence has serious implications. If such trees are not counted in inventories or climate change programs, then a major carbon sink is not being accounted for. Only if agroforestry resources are measured, reported and verified will they gain access to finance and other support. We discuss four recommendations to better match ability to ambition.

ACS Style

Todd S. Rosenstock; Andreas Wilkes; Courtney Jallo; Nictor Namoi; Medha Bulusu; Marta Suber; Damaris Mboi; Rachmat Mulia; Elisabeth Simelton; Meryl Richards; Noel Gurwick; Eva Wollenberg. Making trees count: Measurement and reporting of agroforestry in UNFCCC national communications of non-Annex I countries. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2019, 284, 106569 .

AMA Style

Todd S. Rosenstock, Andreas Wilkes, Courtney Jallo, Nictor Namoi, Medha Bulusu, Marta Suber, Damaris Mboi, Rachmat Mulia, Elisabeth Simelton, Meryl Richards, Noel Gurwick, Eva Wollenberg. Making trees count: Measurement and reporting of agroforestry in UNFCCC national communications of non-Annex I countries. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2019; 284 ():106569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Todd S. Rosenstock; Andreas Wilkes; Courtney Jallo; Nictor Namoi; Medha Bulusu; Marta Suber; Damaris Mboi; Rachmat Mulia; Elisabeth Simelton; Meryl Richards; Noel Gurwick; Eva Wollenberg. 2019. "Making trees count: Measurement and reporting of agroforestry in UNFCCC national communications of non-Annex I countries." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 284, no. : 106569.

Journal article
Published: 22 February 2016 in Agroforestry Systems
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Agroforestry is known to have multiple economic and environmental benefits. Despite this, the adoption of agroforestry in Viet Nam is limited both in extent and diversity of components and practices. Our study identified gaps for agroforestry adoption in current policies and policy implementation. National policy and provincial instructions and decisions were reviewed and discussed during ten stakeholders’ consultation workshops. The review and workshops concluded that there were no specific national and few provincial specific policies promoting agroforestry. In addition, the segregation of policies into agriculture and forestry, promoted monoculture practices and discouraged the integration of mixed annual and perennial tree species. Completing the forestland allocation process was considered essential for long-term investment on land and providing collateral for loans. More holistic policies, such as a provincial strategy for agroforestry development that would enable flexible integration of agriculture, forestry and livestock were perceived to be more effective and inclusive to poor and non-poor farmers. Specific cross-cutting budget allocation would be necessary for capacity building, upscaling agroforestry models, procurement of high-quality inputs, and establishing post-harvest processing and marketing investments.

ACS Style

Elisabeth S. Simelton; Delia C. Catacutan; Thu C. Dao; Bac V. Dam; Thinh D. Le. Factors constraining and enabling agroforestry adoption in Viet Nam: a multi-level policy analysis. Agroforestry Systems 2016, 91, 51 -67.

AMA Style

Elisabeth S. Simelton, Delia C. Catacutan, Thu C. Dao, Bac V. Dam, Thinh D. Le. Factors constraining and enabling agroforestry adoption in Viet Nam: a multi-level policy analysis. Agroforestry Systems. 2016; 91 (1):51-67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth S. Simelton; Delia C. Catacutan; Thu C. Dao; Bac V. Dam; Thinh D. Le. 2016. "Factors constraining and enabling agroforestry adoption in Viet Nam: a multi-level policy analysis." Agroforestry Systems 91, no. 1: 51-67.

Journal article
Published: 02 August 2015 in Agroforestry Systems
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Although tree-based farming systems are often assumed to be “resilient” or “climate-smart” options, adoption is limited. It could be that the sensitivity of individual tree species to extreme weather events is poorly documented or new systems include unfamiliar species and technologies. This paper reports on initial results of an evaluation of farmers’ experiences with trees and crops for responding to major climatic exposures in 21 villages in northern and north-central Viet Nam. Our study assessed the suitability and roles of trees by analyzing data gathered through focus group discussions, workshops and a survey of 661 households. The results showed that a majority of households were exposed annually to what they perceived as natural hazards. Experiences with using trees for coping and adaptation depended on household income status, awareness and policies. In particular, farms with trees had shorter recovery time after most types of natural disasters, except for cold spells, demonstrating economic and environmental buffers. Many leaders were unfamiliar with agroforestry and mainly looking for economies of scale, hence oriented to land use rather than landscape planning. This indicates disconnects between farmers’ needs and policymakers’ priorities with respect to climate change adaptation strategies. Existing agroforestry systems reflected a transition from indigenous or current farming systems via changing to either new species or technologies rather than changing both at the same time. Gaps in current adaptation strategies and key areas for policy and research interventions are finally discussed.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Bac Viet Dam; Delia Catacutan. Trees and agroforestry for coping with extreme weather events: experiences from northern and central Viet Nam. Agroforestry Systems 2015, 89, 1065 -1082.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Bac Viet Dam, Delia Catacutan. Trees and agroforestry for coping with extreme weather events: experiences from northern and central Viet Nam. Agroforestry Systems. 2015; 89 (6):1065-1082.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Bac Viet Dam; Delia Catacutan. 2015. "Trees and agroforestry for coping with extreme weather events: experiences from northern and central Viet Nam." Agroforestry Systems 89, no. 6: 1065-1082.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2014 in Ecosystem Services
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ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Bac Viet Dam. Farmers in NE Viet Nam rank values of ecosystems from seven land uses. Ecosystem Services 2014, 9, 133 -138.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Bac Viet Dam. Farmers in NE Viet Nam rank values of ecosystems from seven land uses. Ecosystem Services. 2014; 9 ():133-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Bac Viet Dam. 2014. "Farmers in NE Viet Nam rank values of ecosystems from seven land uses." Ecosystem Services 9, no. : 133-138.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2014 in Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability
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Smallholder farmers are vulnerable to environmental, climate and weather-related stress, including climate change. There is an increase in understanding of the benefits of agroforestry systems both at farm and landscape scales, and that incorporating trees on farms through agroforestry systems has emerged as having the potential to enhance the resilience of smallholders to current and future climate risks including future climate change. Drawing on global examples with a focus on African case studies, this paper demonstrates the versatile roles of trees and agroforestry in reducing smallholder's exposure to climate-related risks. It goes on to identify challenges in the promotion and adoption of agroforestry at the farm and landscape levels as a climate change adaptation strategy. The paper highlights areas for further research, policy and dissemination efforts, and identifies entry points for agroforestry adoption

ACS Style

Rodel D Lasco; Rafaela Jane P Delfino; Delia C Catacutan; Elisabeth S Simelton; David M Wilson. Climate risk adaptation by smallholder farmers: the roles of trees and agroforestry. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2014, 6, 83 -88.

AMA Style

Rodel D Lasco, Rafaela Jane P Delfino, Delia C Catacutan, Elisabeth S Simelton, David M Wilson. Climate risk adaptation by smallholder farmers: the roles of trees and agroforestry. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 2014; 6 ():83-88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rodel D Lasco; Rafaela Jane P Delfino; Delia C Catacutan; Elisabeth S Simelton; David M Wilson. 2014. "Climate risk adaptation by smallholder farmers: the roles of trees and agroforestry." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 6, no. : 83-88.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2013 in Land Degradation & Development
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ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Restoring the Soil: A Guide For Using Green Manure/Cover Crops To Improve Food Security For Smallholder Farmers. R. Bunch. Canadian Foodgrains Bank, Winnipeg, Canada. ISBN: 978-0-9688546-4-8. 2012. $12.95, 94pp + v. Also available online, free of charge:. Land Degradation & Development 2013, 27, 1306 -1306.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Restoring the Soil: A Guide For Using Green Manure/Cover Crops To Improve Food Security For Smallholder Farmers. R. Bunch. Canadian Foodgrains Bank, Winnipeg, Canada. ISBN: 978-0-9688546-4-8. 2012. $12.95, 94pp + v. Also available online, free of charge:. Land Degradation & Development. 2013; 27 (4):1306-1306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton. 2013. "Restoring the Soil: A Guide For Using Green Manure/Cover Crops To Improve Food Security For Smallholder Farmers. R. Bunch. Canadian Foodgrains Bank, Winnipeg, Canada. ISBN: 978-0-9688546-4-8. 2012. $12.95, 94pp + v. Also available online, free of charge:." Land Degradation & Development 27, no. 4: 1306-1306.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2013 in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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ACS Style

Evan D.G. Fraser; Elisabeth Simelton; Mette Termansen; Simon Gosling; Andy South. “Vulnerability hotspots”: Integrating socio-economic and hydrological models to identify where cereal production may decline in the future due to climate change induced drought. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2013, 170, 195 -205.

AMA Style

Evan D.G. Fraser, Elisabeth Simelton, Mette Termansen, Simon Gosling, Andy South. “Vulnerability hotspots”: Integrating socio-economic and hydrological models to identify where cereal production may decline in the future due to climate change induced drought. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2013; 170 ():195-205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Evan D.G. Fraser; Elisabeth Simelton; Mette Termansen; Simon Gosling; Andy South. 2013. "“Vulnerability hotspots”: Integrating socio-economic and hydrological models to identify where cereal production may decline in the future due to climate change induced drought." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 170, no. : 195-205.

Research articles
Published: 12 February 2013 in Climate and Development
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Understanding farmers’ perceptions of how rainfall fluctuates and changes is crucial in anticipating the impacts of changing climate patterns, as only when a problem is perceived will appropriate steps be taken to adapt to it. This article seeks to: (1) identify southern African farmers’ perceptions of rainfall, rainfall variations, and changes; (2) examine the nature of meteorological evidence for the perceived rainfall variability and change; (3) document farmers’ responses to rainfall variability; and (4) discuss why discrepancies may occur between farmers’ perceptions and meteorological observations of rainfall. Semi-structured interviews were used to identify farmers’ perceptions of rainfall changes in Botswana and Malawi. Resulting perceptions were examined in conjunction with meteorological data to assess perceived and actual rainfall with regards to: what was changing (onset, duration or cessation), and how it was changing (amount, frequency, intensity or inter-annual variability). Most farmers perceived that the rains used to start earlier and end later. Meteorological data provided no evidence to support farmer perceptions of rainfall starting as early as September (south Malawi) or October (Botswana); however, a high inter-annual variability in the timing of the onset was observed alongside an increasing number of dry days and declining amounts of rainfall at the onset and cessation of precipitation. While some rainfall patterns are associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) fluctuations and larger-scale changes, one explanation for the differences between farmer perceptions and meteorological evidence is that rainfall changes can be easily confused with changes in farming system sensitivity. Our findings suggest that scientists, policymakers, and developers of climate adaptation projects need to be more in tune with farmers' and extension workers’ understandings of how weather is changing in order to improve adaptation policy formulation and implementation.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Claire Quinn; Nnyaladzi Batisani; Andrew Dougill; Jen C. Dyer; Evan D.G. Fraser; David Mkwambisi; Susannah Sallu; Lindsay Stringer. Is rainfall really changing? Farmers’ perceptions, meteorological data, and policy implications. Climate and Development 2013, 5, 123 -138.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Claire Quinn, Nnyaladzi Batisani, Andrew Dougill, Jen C. Dyer, Evan D.G. Fraser, David Mkwambisi, Susannah Sallu, Lindsay Stringer. Is rainfall really changing? Farmers’ perceptions, meteorological data, and policy implications. Climate and Development. 2013; 5 (2):123-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Claire Quinn; Nnyaladzi Batisani; Andrew Dougill; Jen C. Dyer; Evan D.G. Fraser; David Mkwambisi; Susannah Sallu; Lindsay Stringer. 2013. "Is rainfall really changing? Farmers’ perceptions, meteorological data, and policy implications." Climate and Development 5, no. 2: 123-138.

Report
Published: 01 January 2013 in Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam
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ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Dam Viet Bac; Delia Catacutan; Do Trong Hoan; Nguyen Thi Hoa; Rebecca Traldi. Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam. Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Dam Viet Bac, Delia Catacutan, Do Trong Hoan, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Rebecca Traldi. Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam. Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Dam Viet Bac; Delia Catacutan; Do Trong Hoan; Nguyen Thi Hoa; Rebecca Traldi. 2013. "Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam." Local capacity for implementing payments for environmental services schemes: lessons from the RUPES project in northeastern Viet Nam , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2012 in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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ACS Style

Tianyi Zhang; Elisabeth Simelton; Yao Huang; Ying Shi. A Bayesian assessment of the current irrigation water supplies capacity under projected droughts for the 2030s in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2012, 178-179, 56 -65.

AMA Style

Tianyi Zhang, Elisabeth Simelton, Yao Huang, Ying Shi. A Bayesian assessment of the current irrigation water supplies capacity under projected droughts for the 2030s in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2012; 178-179 ():56-65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tianyi Zhang; Elisabeth Simelton; Yao Huang; Ying Shi. 2012. "A Bayesian assessment of the current irrigation water supplies capacity under projected droughts for the 2030s in China." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 178-179, no. : 56-65.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2012 in Applied Geography
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This study evaluates new multi-scale, multi-indicator methods for assessing the vulnerability of crop production to drought at a national and regional scale. It does this by identifying differences across and within ten regions of Ghana, a country that faces many climate and crop production challenges typical of sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, we illustrate how a quantitative national and regional study is a critical first step in assessing differences in the drought sensitivity of food production systems and show how such an assessment enables the formulation of more targeted district and community level research that can explore the drivers of vulnerability and change on a local-scale. Finally, we propose methodological steps that can improve drought sensitivity and vulnerability assessments in dynamic dryland farming systems where there are multiple drivers of change and thresholds of risk that vary in both space and time. Results show that the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana has discernible geographical and socioeconomic patterns, with the Northern, Upper West and Upper East regions being most vulnerable. Partly, this is because these regions have the lowest adaptive capacity due to low socioeconomic development and have economies based on rain-fed agriculture. Within these regions we find considerable differences between districts that can be explained only partly by socioeconomic variables with further community and household-scale research required to explain the causes of differences in vulnerability status. Our results highlight that national and regional scale multi-indicator vulnerability assessments are a vital (and often ignored) first step in assessing vulnerability across a large area. These inputs can guide both local-level research and also demonstrate the need for region-specific policies to reduce vulnerability and to enhance drought preparedness within dryland farming communities.

ACS Style

Philip Antwi-Agyei; Evan D.G. Fraser; Andrew Dougill; Lindsay Stringer; Elisabeth Simelton. Mapping the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana using rainfall, yield and socioeconomic data. Applied Geography 2012, 32, 324 -334.

AMA Style

Philip Antwi-Agyei, Evan D.G. Fraser, Andrew Dougill, Lindsay Stringer, Elisabeth Simelton. Mapping the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana using rainfall, yield and socioeconomic data. Applied Geography. 2012; 32 (2):324-334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Philip Antwi-Agyei; Evan D.G. Fraser; Andrew Dougill; Lindsay Stringer; Elisabeth Simelton. 2012. "Mapping the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana using rainfall, yield and socioeconomic data." Applied Geography 32, no. 2: 324-334.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2012 in Food Security
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Many studies warn that climate change may undermine global food security. Much work on this topic focuses on modelling crop-weather interactions but these models do not generally account for the ways in which socio-economic factors influence how harvests are affected by weather. To address this gap, this paper uses a quantitative harvest vulnerability index based on annual soil moisture and grain production data as the dependent variable in a Linear Mixed Effects model with national scale socio-economic data as independent variables for the period 1990–2005. Results show that rice, wheat and maize production in middle income countries were especially vulnerable to droughts. By contrast, harvests in countries with higher investments in agriculture (e.g. higher amounts of fertilizer use) were less vulnerable to drought. In terms of differences between the world’s major grain crops, factors that made rice and wheat crops vulnerable to drought were quite consistent, while those of maize crops varied considerably depending on the type of region. This is likely due to the fact that maize is produced under very different conditions worldwide. One recommendation for reducing drought vulnerability risks is coordinated development and adaptation policies, including institutional support that enables farmers to take proactive action.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Evan D. G. Fraser; Mette Termansen; Tim Benton; Simon Gosling; Andrew South; Nigel W. Arnell; Andrew Challinor; Andrew J. Dougill; Piers Forster. The socioeconomics of food crop production and climate change vulnerability: a global scale quantitative analysis of how grain crops are sensitive to drought. Food Security 2012, 4, 163 -179.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Evan D. G. Fraser, Mette Termansen, Tim Benton, Simon Gosling, Andrew South, Nigel W. Arnell, Andrew Challinor, Andrew J. Dougill, Piers Forster. The socioeconomics of food crop production and climate change vulnerability: a global scale quantitative analysis of how grain crops are sensitive to drought. Food Security. 2012; 4 (2):163-179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Evan D. G. Fraser; Mette Termansen; Tim Benton; Simon Gosling; Andrew South; Nigel W. Arnell; Andrew Challinor; Andrew J. Dougill; Piers Forster. 2012. "The socioeconomics of food crop production and climate change vulnerability: a global scale quantitative analysis of how grain crops are sensitive to drought." Food Security 4, no. 2: 163-179.

Journal article
Published: 21 January 2011 in Food Security
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China’s role in the global grain market is expected to expand with increasing demand for food and feed, both within and outside the country. Unforeseen crop failures caused by natural hazards might also be instrumental. This paper uses agricultural production (rice, wheat, maize, tubers, soybeans, and other grains) and natural disaster data (floods and droughts) for 31 provinces in China for the period 1995–2008 to examine the self-sufficiency of China’s domestic harvests. It aims to answer three questions: (1) Is the size of China’s current grain stock adequate as a buffer against seasonal crop failures of the same magnitude as in the past? (2) On a single province basis, does a diversity of grain crops reduce the risk of production shocks due to natural hazards? (3) Which regions are less likely to be affected by natural hazards and should therefore be set aside as agricultural land in order to meet future food self-sufficiency targets? The results show that if the worst crop failures of all provinces between 1995 and 2008 were to happen in the same year, a “theoretical worst-case scenario”, China’s cereal harvest might drop by 140 million tonnes. Therefore, their current grain stock of 120–200 million tonnes is sufficient to buffer China’s cereal supplies against 1 year of production problems. Provinces with a high degree of grain crop diversity over the 13-year period were less affected by floods and more affected by droughts. Food self-sufficiency was the highest in moderately diverse provinces. Key agricultural regions relatively less affected by natural hazards included parts of the North China Plain. In addition, China began to increasingly depend on three provinces in the drought-prone north-east region for attaining grain self-sufficiency. Policies need to enable farms of all sizes to adapt to change and to contribute to food self-sufficiency.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Food self-sufficiency and natural hazards in China. Food Security 2011, 3, 35 -52.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Food self-sufficiency and natural hazards in China. Food Security. 2011; 3 (1):35-52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton. 2011. "Food self-sufficiency and natural hazards in China." Food Security 3, no. 1: 35-52.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2011 in Ecology and Society
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Ravera, F., D. Tarrasón, and E. Simelton. 2011. Envisioning adaptive strategies to change: participatory scenarios for agropastoral semiarid systems in Nicaragua. Ecology and Society 16(1): 20. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03764-160120

ACS Style

Federica Ravera; David Tarrasón; Elisabeth Simelton. Envisioning Adaptive Strategies to Change: Participatory Scenarios for Agropastoral Semiarid Systems in Nicaragua. Ecology and Society 2011, 16, 1 .

AMA Style

Federica Ravera, David Tarrasón, Elisabeth Simelton. Envisioning Adaptive Strategies to Change: Participatory Scenarios for Agropastoral Semiarid Systems in Nicaragua. Ecology and Society. 2011; 16 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federica Ravera; David Tarrasón; Elisabeth Simelton. 2011. "Envisioning Adaptive Strategies to Change: Participatory Scenarios for Agropastoral Semiarid Systems in Nicaragua." Ecology and Society 16, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2010 in Land Degradation & Development
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Elisabeth Simelton. Coping with drought risk in agriculture and water supply systems. Drought management and policy development in the mediterranean. Advances in natural and technological hazards research (Vol. 26), Iglesias A, Garrote L, Cancelliere A, Cubillo F, Wilhite D. Land Degradation & Development 2010, 23, 201 -202.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Coping with drought risk in agriculture and water supply systems. Drought management and policy development in the mediterranean. Advances in natural and technological hazards research (Vol. 26), Iglesias A, Garrote L, Cancelliere A, Cubillo F, Wilhite D. Land Degradation & Development. 2010; 23 (2):201-202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton. 2010. "Coping with drought risk in agriculture and water supply systems. Drought management and policy development in the mediterranean. Advances in natural and technological hazards research (Vol. 26), Iglesias A, Garrote L, Cancelliere A, Cubillo F, Wilhite D." Land Degradation & Development 23, no. 2: 201-202.

Journal article
Published: 09 September 2010 in Journal of International Development
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ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Jen Dyer; Evan D. G. Fraser; Khandaker Munim; Natalie Suckall. Joseph H. Hulse. Sustainable Development at Risk: Ignoring the Past (New Delhi, India: Foundations Books, 2008, ISBN 978-8175965218, pp. 392). Journal of International Development 2010, 22, 1040 -1041.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton, Jen Dyer, Evan D. G. Fraser, Khandaker Munim, Natalie Suckall. Joseph H. Hulse. Sustainable Development at Risk: Ignoring the Past (New Delhi, India: Foundations Books, 2008, ISBN 978-8175965218, pp. 392). Journal of International Development. 2010; 22 (7):1040-1041.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton; Jen Dyer; Evan D. G. Fraser; Khandaker Munim; Natalie Suckall. 2010. "Joseph H. Hulse. Sustainable Development at Risk: Ignoring the Past (New Delhi, India: Foundations Books, 2008, ISBN 978-8175965218, pp. 392)." Journal of International Development 22, no. 7: 1040-1041.

Book chapter
Published: 02 July 2010 in Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society
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Today the Earth produces enough food for everyone. Yet one of seven world citizens is malnourished or starving as the access to food or money to buy food is inequitably distributed across countries, societies and families. This chapter considers two aspects of food security for a growing world population. First, the demand for food is growing in two fundamental ways that suggests access to food is becoming increasingly tied to food prices. Second, the means to supply the amounts needed in a food secure future are exposed to two unprecedented stresses that will require stronger multi-level institutional collaboration on managerial and technical solutions. This food-security equation has a chance to balance if consumers and producers alike account more holistically for their environmental and social impacts – and act responsibly.

ACS Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Don’t We All Want Good Weather and Cheap Food? Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society 2010, 201 -215.

AMA Style

Elisabeth Simelton. Don’t We All Want Good Weather and Cheap Food? Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society. 2010; ():201-215.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabeth Simelton. 2010. "Don’t We All Want Good Weather and Cheap Food?" Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society , no. : 201-215.