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In the present study, the low-Carbon power production concept is proposed to introduce a novel integration. In the Bio-Energy Carbon Capture and Storage framework, Municipal Solid Waste is regarded as the main fuel for the system. To administer the analysis, a combination of a downdraft gasifier, a directly fired-gas turbine, Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell, Organic Rankine Cycle, and cryogenic CO2 separation unit is considered. The proposed integration is investigated from themodynamic, exergoeconomic, and environmental points of view. The multi-objective optimization is also conducted to minimize the CO2 emission and cost of electricity besides maximizing the overall exergy efficiency. By applying the optimum values for decision parameters, exergetic and economic results indicate that the combustion chamber and downdraft gasifier are identified as the component with maximum exergy destruction rate (17.44% and 14.59% of the total, respectively) due to high combustion and chemical reactions inefficiencies. Also, the net energy and exergy efficiency, cost of electricity, and specific CO2 emission result as 51.65%, 45.98%, 80.59 USD/MWh, and 101.20 kgCO2/kWh for the proposed system, respectively. The optimization results reveal that the CO2 emission was reduced by 33%. However, the exergy efficiency and cost of electricity will increase by 3% and 1.6%, respectively.
Ehsan Akrami; Mohammad Ameri; Matteo V. Rocco. Conceptual design, exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization for a novel integration of biomass-fueled power plant with MCFC-cryogenic CO2 separation unit for low-carbon power production. Energy 2021, 227, 120511 .
AMA StyleEhsan Akrami, Mohammad Ameri, Matteo V. Rocco. Conceptual design, exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization for a novel integration of biomass-fueled power plant with MCFC-cryogenic CO2 separation unit for low-carbon power production. Energy. 2021; 227 ():120511.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEhsan Akrami; Mohammad Ameri; Matteo V. Rocco. 2021. "Conceptual design, exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization for a novel integration of biomass-fueled power plant with MCFC-cryogenic CO2 separation unit for low-carbon power production." Energy 227, no. : 120511.
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), diets are largely based on cereal or root staple crops. Together with socio-cultural change, economic and demographic growth could boost the demand for meat, with significant environmental repercussions. We model meat consumption pathways to 2050 for SSA based on several scenarios calibrated on historical demand drivers. To assess the consequent environmental impact, we adopt an environmentally-extended input-output (EEIO) framework and apply it on the EXIOBASE 3.3 hybrid tables. We find that, depending on the interplay of resources efficiency and demand growth, by 2050 the growth in meat consumption in SSA could cause a growth in greenhouse gases emissions of 1.4 [0.9–1.9] Gt CO2e/yr (~175% of current regional agriculture-related emissions), which is an extension of cropping and grazing-related land of 15 [12.5–21] · 106 km2 (one quarter of today’s global agricultural land), the consumption of an additional 36 [29–47] Gm3/yr of blue water (nearly doubling the current regional agricultural consumption), an eutrophication potential growth of 7.6 [4.9–9.5] t PO4e/yr, and the consumption of additional 0.9 [0.5–1.4] EJ/yr of fossil fuels and 49 [32–73] TWh/yr of electricity. These results suggest that—in the absence of significant improvements in the regional sectoral resource efficiency—meat demand growth in SSA is bound to become a major global sustainability challenge. In addition, we show that a partial substitution of the protein intake from the expected growth in meat consumption with plant-based alternatives carries additional significant potential for mitigating environmental impacts. The policies affecting both farming practices and dietary choices will thus have a significant impact on the SSA and global environmental flows.
Giacomo Falchetta; Nicolò Golinucci; Matteo Rocco. Environmental and Energy Implications of Meat Consumption Pathways in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7075 .
AMA StyleGiacomo Falchetta, Nicolò Golinucci, Matteo Rocco. Environmental and Energy Implications of Meat Consumption Pathways in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7075.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiacomo Falchetta; Nicolò Golinucci; Matteo Rocco. 2021. "Environmental and Energy Implications of Meat Consumption Pathways in Sub-Saharan Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7075.
In light of a national policy aiming at satisfying a growing demand for electricity, while achieving a greater diversification of power generation technologies and full electrification by 2050, this research models and contrasts alternative electrification pathways for Tanzania in the time frame 2015–2040. The study relies on an improved model grounded on the OSeMOSYS framework. GIS data are used both to determine the electricity demand projections and to inform the decision about the optimal production technologies made by OSeMOSYS with a least-cost criterion. Findings indicate that the stated policy goals (New Policy scenario) are within reach, but they also imply an increase in installed capacity from less than 2 GW to at least 13.8 GW, corresponding to an investment of 25.3 billion USD, which is significantly above historical spending in the power sector. Also, only an additional environmental policy (450TZ scenario) would ensure that the carbon intensity of the power sector lowers from a current 440 gCO2/kWh to around 100 gCO2/kWh in 2040, with the additional benefit of a lower average cost of providing electricity (compared to the New Policy scenario). An Energy For All scenario where universal access is achieved two decades earlier (in 2030) is also feasible but implies more difficulties in lowering carbon intensity or the cost of providing electricity. Results for universal access are the object of a separate in-depth discussion and a sensitivity analysis looks at the effect of key assumption (e.g., on demand projections and discount rate) on the main results.
Matteo V. Rocco; Elena Fumagalli; Chiara Vigone; Ambrogio Miserocchi; Emanuela Colombo. Enhancing energy models with geo-spatial data for the analysis of future electrification pathways: The case of Tanzania. Energy Strategy Reviews 2021, 34, 100614 .
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Elena Fumagalli, Chiara Vigone, Ambrogio Miserocchi, Emanuela Colombo. Enhancing energy models with geo-spatial data for the analysis of future electrification pathways: The case of Tanzania. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2021; 34 ():100614.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Elena Fumagalli; Chiara Vigone; Ambrogio Miserocchi; Emanuela Colombo. 2021. "Enhancing energy models with geo-spatial data for the analysis of future electrification pathways: The case of Tanzania." Energy Strategy Reviews 34, no. : 100614.
Energy balances have been historically conceived based on a supply-side perspective, providing neither detailed information about energy conversion into useful services nor the effects that may be induced by the application of policies in other sectors to energy consumption. This article proposes an approach to a thorough assessment of the impact of efficiency policies on final energy uses, focusing on residential space heating and cooling, and capable of: (1) quantifying final useful services provided and (2) accounting for the global impact of efficiency policies on final energy use, taking advantage of Input–Output analysis. This approach is applied in five cities of Argentina. Firstly, the quantity of energy service provided (i.e., level of thermal comfort) for each city is evaluated and compared with the defined target. It is found out that heating comfort is guaranteed approximately as established, whereas in the cooling case the provision is twice the established level. Secondly, primary energy consumption of heating and cooling services is evaluated before and after different efficiency improvement policies. The results show that the major primary energy saving (52%) is obtained from the upgrading appliances scenario and reflect the importance of accounting for embodied energy in goods and services involved in interventions.
Roque G Stagnitta; Matteo V Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6563 .
AMA StyleRoque G Stagnitta, Matteo V Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6563.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoque G Stagnitta; Matteo V Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6563.
The standard ISO 14044:2006 defines the hierarchical steps to follow when solving multifunctionality issues in life cycle assessment (LCA). However, the practical implementation of such a hierarchy has been debated for twenty-five years leading to different implementation practices from LCA practitioners. The first part of this study discussed the main steps where the ISO hierarchy has been implemented differently and explored current multifunctionality practices in peer-reviewed studies. A text-mining process was applied to quantitatively assess such practices in the 532 multifunctional case studies found in the literature. In the second part of the study, citation network analysis (CNA) was used to identify the major publications that influenced the development of the multifunctionality-debate in LCA, i.e., the key-route main path. The identified publications were then reviewed to detect the origins of the different practices and their underlying theories. Based on these insights, this study provided some “food for thought” on current practices to move towards consistent methodology. We believe that such an advancement is urgently needed for better positioning LCA as a tool for sustainability decision-making. In particular, consistent allocation practices could be especially beneficial in bioeconomy sectors, where production processes are usually multifunctional, and where current allocation practices are not harmonized yet.
Christian Moretti; Blanca Corona; Robert Edwards; Martin Junginger; Alberto Moro; Matteo Rocco; Li Shen. Reviewing ISO Compliant Multifunctionality Practices in Environmental Life Cycle Modeling. Energies 2020, 13, 3579 .
AMA StyleChristian Moretti, Blanca Corona, Robert Edwards, Martin Junginger, Alberto Moro, Matteo Rocco, Li Shen. Reviewing ISO Compliant Multifunctionality Practices in Environmental Life Cycle Modeling. Energies. 2020; 13 (14):3579.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Moretti; Blanca Corona; Robert Edwards; Martin Junginger; Alberto Moro; Matteo Rocco; Li Shen. 2020. "Reviewing ISO Compliant Multifunctionality Practices in Environmental Life Cycle Modeling." Energies 13, no. 14: 3579.
The assessment of the prospective, economy-wide, economic and environmental impact of large-scale policy shocks is currently performed via general equilibrium models, relying on background input–output data usually characterized by a very aggregated definition of the energy conversion chain. Thus, such models are not always able to properly assess the impact of policy shocks on the energy conversion chain. On the other hand, empirical models based on physical data provide a detailed picture of the energy conversion chain but are unable to comprehensively address energy-economy interactions. This paper introduces an approach to analyze the impact of large-scale policy shocks with special focus on international trade and global energy conversion chains. The approach relies upon an empirical meso-economic equilibrium model and a physical supply and use model of the energy conversion chain. The link between the models is provided by the Multi-Factor Energy Input-Output model. The proposed approach is formalized and applied to assess the economic and energy impact of different Brexit scenarios, returning the related impact in terms of changes in value added generation, change in production of energy carriers and change in energy-related CO2 emissions. It is found that a highly disaggregated picture of the energy supply chain provides fundamental insights to assess the physical viability of economic scenarios. Therefore, the proposed method reveals important synergies that may arise from the joint application of the economic and physical models, hence becoming a suitable candidate to provide insights and guidance for policy making.
Matteo V. Rocco; Zeus Guevara; Matthew Kuperus Heun. Assessing energy and economic impacts of large-scale policy shocks based on Input-Output analysis: Application to Brexit. Applied Energy 2020, 274, 115300 .
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Zeus Guevara, Matthew Kuperus Heun. Assessing energy and economic impacts of large-scale policy shocks based on Input-Output analysis: Application to Brexit. Applied Energy. 2020; 274 ():115300.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Zeus Guevara; Matthew Kuperus Heun. 2020. "Assessing energy and economic impacts of large-scale policy shocks based on Input-Output analysis: Application to Brexit." Applied Energy 274, no. : 115300.
Policy initiatives towards reduction of CO2 emissions implemented so far are grounded on the so-called Production-Based paradigm: this approach allocates responsibility of emissions to countries that directly caused such emissions, without taking into account all the indirect contributions to CO2 emissions caused outside country’s borders, eventually leading to the so-called carbon leakage phenomenon. In this paper, the alternative Consumption-Based approach is proposed, and its effectiveness assessed: according to this approach, policy initiatives allocates responsibility for CO2 emissions proportionally to the CO2 emissions embedded in goods and services required by industries as inputs for production. Global environmental and economic consequences of carbon emissions reduction policies, applied at the European level based on both Production- and Consumption-Based paradigms, are comparatively assessed based on the World Trade Model with Bilateral Trades. Results of this study suggest that defining CO2 emissions policies based on a Consumption-Based paradigm seems to be the most effective way to reduce the global carbon emissions, avoiding the carbon leakage phenomenon which may occur in economies regulated by Production-Based policies. Indeed, an imposed reduction in CO2 emissions embedded in EU final demand through a Consumption-Based Accounting policy would result in a global CO2 emissions reduction up to almost 1.2 Gton. On the other hand, an imposed reduction in direct EU CO2 emissions according to a PBA approach would result in an overall increase in global carbon emissions up to almost 0.8 Gton.
Matteo V. Rocco; Nicolo' Golinucci; Stefano M. Ronco; Emanuela Colombo. Fighting carbon leakage through consumption-based carbon emissions policies: Empirical analysis based on the World Trade Model with Bilateral Trades. Applied Energy 2020, 274, 115301 .
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Nicolo' Golinucci, Stefano M. Ronco, Emanuela Colombo. Fighting carbon leakage through consumption-based carbon emissions policies: Empirical analysis based on the World Trade Model with Bilateral Trades. Applied Energy. 2020; 274 ():115301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Nicolo' Golinucci; Stefano M. Ronco; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "Fighting carbon leakage through consumption-based carbon emissions policies: Empirical analysis based on the World Trade Model with Bilateral Trades." Applied Energy 274, no. : 115301.
The role of electricity availability in promoting the economic growth of low-income countries is a highly debated issue. Taking the Tanzanian government’s view that a lack of infrastructure for power generation, together with a low electrification rate, are a limitation to growth, this paper studies the implications on the country’s sustainable development of expanding the electricity sector. The analysis is based on the joint use of the OSeMOSYS open-source power system optimization model and the Leontief Input-Output model (based on the Tanzanian Social Accounting Matrix). Four scenarios are considered, representative of alternative technological and environmental policies, characterized by different timing to achieve full electrification. Results indicate that while an expansion of the electricity sector can contribute significantly to economic growth, the associated direct and indirect growth in carbon emissions is equally remarkable. Relying on the country’s renewable generation potential would be important but might not be sufficient to lower the economy-wide carbon intensity, particularly under the assumption of reaching full access already in 2030. Targeting energy efficiency and/or decarbonization efforts in the industrial sectors as well as in the provisions of services would also be necessary. The latter is particularly relevant as, per effect of an average income increase, household consumption habits contributes to drive the economy away from its traditional, agricultural base.
Matteo V. Rocco; Francesco Tonini; Elena M. Fumagalli; Emanuela Colombo. Electrification pathways for Tanzania: Implications for the economy and the environment. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 263, 121278 .
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Francesco Tonini, Elena M. Fumagalli, Emanuela Colombo. Electrification pathways for Tanzania: Implications for the economy and the environment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 263 ():121278.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Francesco Tonini; Elena M. Fumagalli; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "Electrification pathways for Tanzania: Implications for the economy and the environment." Journal of Cleaner Production 263, no. : 121278.
Integrated systems modelling has provided insights on pathways for the sustainable use of energy, land and water resources. Among the existing modelling tools, some have been widely used to engage policy makers, due to their open source and basic structure. Yet, in the attempt of simplifying the representation of integrated systems, essential features significantly influencing the dynamics between systems may have been left aside. This study proposes an improved formulation of the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), for a better representation of energy and resource storage processes. In particular, the focus of this work is the storage losses introduction for both dams for hydropower generation and batteries for electricity storage. The modifications were applied to a case study representing key features of both a developed and developing country. The results highlight that, with low additional computational effort, a much more accurate representation of the storage technologies can be achieved. Despite the introduction of losses, renewable energy technologies tend to have a high penetration in the future energy mix thanks to storage applications that remedy their unpredictability and seasonality.
Andrea Palombelli; Francesco Gardumi; MatteoVincenzo Rocco; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS. Energy 2020, 195, 117025 .
AMA StyleAndrea Palombelli, Francesco Gardumi, MatteoVincenzo Rocco, Mark Howells, Emanuela Colombo. Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS. Energy. 2020; 195 ():117025.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Palombelli; Francesco Gardumi; MatteoVincenzo Rocco; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS." Energy 195, no. : 117025.
In this paper, a hybrid tri-generation system is designed to produce LNG and freshwater simultaneously based on a multi-effect desalination system and analyzed using energy and exergy analyses. For natural gas liquefaction, the initially required cooling of the cycle is supplied by ammonia-water absorption system, and the required intermediate cooling load and liquefaction process are provided by a refrigeration system with mixed fluid. Two alternatives for providing power generation to the system and the required heat for driving the absorption cycle have been considered and compared. The first alternative relies on a natural-gas-fired power plant, while the second is based on steam-solar power plant with dish collectors. The former results in the total energy efficiency of 85.8% (LHV). The highest thermodynamic irreversibilities occur in the heat exchangers (61%), even if they have the highest exergy efficiency compared to the other plant equipment. On the other hand, using solar dish collectors enables to decrease carbon dioxide emissions by 40%, and increases freshwater and LNG production by 95% and 4.7% respectively. The power obtained per kg of LNG produced is about 0.19 kWh, which is less than or equal to the other similar patents. The results of the economic analysis with the annualized cost method of the system show that the products prime cost of both structures 1 and 2 are equal to 0.2580 and 0.1784 US$ per kg of LNG, respectively. A suitable strategy for modelling enhancement of system’s parameters is suggested by expanding of sensitivity analysis on the important parameters of the developed system.
Bahram Ghorbani; Reza Shirmohammadi; Majid Amidpour; Fabio Inzoli; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco. Design and thermoeconomic analysis of a multi-effect desalination unit equipped with a cryogenic refrigeration system. Energy Conversion and Management 2019, 202, 112208 .
AMA StyleBahram Ghorbani, Reza Shirmohammadi, Majid Amidpour, Fabio Inzoli, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco. Design and thermoeconomic analysis of a multi-effect desalination unit equipped with a cryogenic refrigeration system. Energy Conversion and Management. 2019; 202 ():112208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBahram Ghorbani; Reza Shirmohammadi; Majid Amidpour; Fabio Inzoli; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco. 2019. "Design and thermoeconomic analysis of a multi-effect desalination unit equipped with a cryogenic refrigeration system." Energy Conversion and Management 202, no. : 112208.
F. Lombardi; M. Rocco; S. Locatelli; C. Magni; E. Colombo; L. Belussi; L. Danza. Bottom-up Lumped-parameters Thermodynamic Modelling of the Italian Residential Building Stock: Assessment of High-resolution Heat Demand Profiles. TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 2019, 63, 349 -356.
AMA StyleF. Lombardi, M. Rocco, S. Locatelli, C. Magni, E. Colombo, L. Belussi, L. Danza. Bottom-up Lumped-parameters Thermodynamic Modelling of the Italian Residential Building Stock: Assessment of High-resolution Heat Demand Profiles. TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science. 2019; 63 (2-4):349-356.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Lombardi; M. Rocco; S. Locatelli; C. Magni; E. Colombo; L. Belussi; L. Danza. 2019. "Bottom-up Lumped-parameters Thermodynamic Modelling of the Italian Residential Building Stock: Assessment of High-resolution Heat Demand Profiles." TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 63, no. 2-4: 349-356.
To support the ongoing transition towards smart and decarbonised energy systems, energy models need to expand their scope and predictive capabilities. To this end, this study proposes a multi-layer modelling methodology that soft-links (i) a stochastic bottom-up load curves estimation model, (ii) a technology-rich energy system optimisation model (Calliope) and (iii) a Multi-Regional Input-Output model (Exiobase v.3), and applies it to investigate the economic and environmental consequences entailed by a massive replacement of traditional gas-fired kitchens with induction kitchens within the Italian residential sector. Two scenarios are considered for the analysis: (i) business as usual (BAU, 2015 energy system configuration), and (ii) national energy strategy (SEN, configuration prospected in 2030). The results show how the intervention produces positive net effects on the primary energy balance of the energy sector only when sustained by adequate shares of renewables, as in the SEN (-1.5 TWh∙y-1); otherwise, increased operation of fossil-fuel plants offsets gas savings (BAU, +2 TWh∙y-1). Nonetheless, feedbacks on other productive sectors entail additional energy consumption and emissions, thus counterpoising positive effects obtained within the energy sector even in the SEN scenario. Still, higher renewables penetration reduces overall additional emissions from 2.07 Mton∙y-1 for BAU to 0.88 Mton∙y-1 for the SEN.
Francesco Lombardi; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy. Energy 2019, 170, 1249 -1260.
AMA StyleFrancesco Lombardi, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy. Energy. 2019; 170 ():1249-1260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Lombardi; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy." Energy 170, no. : 1249-1260.
The production of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) from natural gas reservoirs with high content of acidic compounds is expected to be a strategic and crucial issue for the development of the natural gas market in future decades. Therefore, the identification of alternative suitable processes for the synergistic natural gas purification and LNG production, when the amount of CO2 in the raw gas feed is high, and their comparative thermodynamic assessment, is necessary to foster a cleaner and efficient production of LNG. In this paper, the energy intensity of the classical chemical absorption units using aqueous solutions of Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and the novel Dual Pressure Low-Temperature Distillation process (DPD) operating in different national contexts is assessed by means of the Net Equivalent Methane analysis and the Energy Life Cycle Assessment. These methods return respectively the equivalent methane and the embodied non-renewable energy invoked by the two alternative processes in one operating year. In general, the primary energy required by the construction phases of both the systems results negligible compared to the operation phase, and most of the latter is due to the consumption of energy utilities, which is strongly dependent by the considered national context. According to the results obtained by means of both the methodologies, the DPD process is generally less energy intensive compared to MDEA: the DPD process results to be an efficient and promising technique to perform the synergistic natural gas purification and LNG production.
Matteo V. Rocco; Stefano Langè; Lorenzo Pigoli; Emanuela Colombo; Laura A. Pellegrini. Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 208, 827 -840.
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Stefano Langè, Lorenzo Pigoli, Emanuela Colombo, Laura A. Pellegrini. Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 208 ():827-840.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Stefano Langè; Lorenzo Pigoli; Emanuela Colombo; Laura A. Pellegrini. 2018. "Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production." Journal of Cleaner Production 208, no. : 827-840.
According to IEA projections, the penetration of electric vehicles in the world transportation sector is expected to increase in the next decades to comply with the future GHG emissions policy targets. The change in transport technology mix will cause a change the environmental and economic impacts of the transportation sector, switching it from flows to funds, that is, from the production and use of the fuel to the production of the fuel pathway and powertrain infrastructures. Therefore, due to their comprehensiveness, the use of Life Cycle Assessment models will be increasingly important with respect to Well-to-Wheels ones in assessing the impact of future transport technologies. In this paper, the Hybrid Input-Output analysis is proposed as the appropriate framework to assess the impact due to a change in transport technology mix from a LCA perspective. First, LCA and WTW approaches are theoretically compared. Secondly, the LCA model is applied for the analysis of the economic and environmental impact caused by the prospected penetration of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) based on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) for Germany in 2050. In addition to the production of the vehicles, the LCA model includes the infrastructures for hydrogen production and distribution and the prospected change in the national electricity production mix. Significant discrepancies have been found by comparing results of LCA with the ones obtained by well-established WTW models already available in the literature. It is found that the impact caused by infrastructures and production of vehicles could significantly offset the expected reduction in CO2 emissions and primary non-renewable energy consumptions.
Matteo V. Rocco; Andrea Casalegno; Emanuela Colombo. Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses. Applied Energy 2018, 232, 583 -597.
AMA StyleMatteo V. Rocco, Andrea Casalegno, Emanuela Colombo. Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses. Applied Energy. 2018; 232 ():583-597.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo V. Rocco; Andrea Casalegno; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses." Applied Energy 232, no. : 583-597.
In this article, the economic and environmental implications due to the projected evolution of the power sector in Egypt until 2040 are assessed and discussed. The Reference Energy System (RES) of the Egyptian power sector has been defined and implemented in the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), based on two different energy scenarios. To increase the accuracy of the analysis, the discount rate on capital investments for the energy technologies has been imposed as a time dependent exogenous variable. Moreover, the robustness of the obtained results has been tested through a sensitivity analysis on the main exogenous parameters. It is found that Combined Cycles, Wind, and Photovoltaic rooftop systems are compatible technologies to be included in the future Egypt’s power generation mix. In particular, based on the abundant Egypt’s renewables resources endowments, wind power technology comes first in achieving the proposed target on renewables penetration in the country’s generation mix, and it might be a feasible alternative to replace a part of the natural gas share. Moreover, the significant impact of discount rate on capitals on the final results is highlighted: low values of discount rate would skew generation mix to include higher investment cost technologies and vice versa.
Yassin Yehia Rady; Matteo V. Rocco; M.A. Serag-Eldin; Emanuela Colombo. Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt. Energy 2018, 165, 198 -209.
AMA StyleYassin Yehia Rady, Matteo V. Rocco, M.A. Serag-Eldin, Emanuela Colombo. Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt. Energy. 2018; 165 ():198-209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYassin Yehia Rady; Matteo V. Rocco; M.A. Serag-Eldin; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt." Energy 165, no. : 198-209.
Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Rafael J. Forcada Ferrer; Emanuela Colombo. Understanding the energy metabolism of World economies through the joint use of Production- and Consumption-based energy accountings. Applied Energy 2018, 211, 590 -603.
AMA StyleMatteo Vincenzo Rocco, Rafael J. Forcada Ferrer, Emanuela Colombo. Understanding the energy metabolism of World economies through the joint use of Production- and Consumption-based energy accountings. Applied Energy. 2018; 211 ():590-603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo Vincenzo Rocco; Rafael J. Forcada Ferrer; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Understanding the energy metabolism of World economies through the joint use of Production- and Consumption-based energy accountings." Applied Energy 211, no. : 590-603.
Sajjad Keshavarzian; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. Thermoeconomic diagnosis and malfunction decomposition: Methodology improvement of the Thermoeconomic Input-Output Analysis (TIOA). Energy Conversion and Management 2018, 157, 644 -655.
AMA StyleSajjad Keshavarzian, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. Thermoeconomic diagnosis and malfunction decomposition: Methodology improvement of the Thermoeconomic Input-Output Analysis (TIOA). Energy Conversion and Management. 2018; 157 ():644-655.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSajjad Keshavarzian; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Thermoeconomic diagnosis and malfunction decomposition: Methodology improvement of the Thermoeconomic Input-Output Analysis (TIOA)." Energy Conversion and Management 157, no. : 644-655.
Alternative fuel policies need accurate and transparent methods to find the embedded carbon intensity of individual refinery products. This study investigates different ways of allocating greenhouse gases emissions deriving from refining and upstream crude oil supply. Allocation methods based on mass, energy content, economic value and, innovatively, added-value, are compared with the marginal refining emissions calculated by CONCAWE’s linear-programming model to the average EU refinery, which has been adopted as reference in EU legislation. Beside the most important transportation fuels (gasoline, diesel, kerosene/jet fuel and heavy fuel oil), the analysis extends to petroleum coke and refinery hydrogen. Moreover, novel criteria, based on the implications due to hydrogen usage by each fuel pathway, have been introduced to test the consistency of the analysed approaches. It is found that only two economic-based allocation methods are consistent with the introduced criteria. These two methods also give negative refinery emissions for heavy products, which is coherent with the marginal emissions calculated through the CONCAWE refinery model. The recommended allocation methods are transparent and use only publicly available statistical data, so they may be useful not only for future EU legislation, but also in jurisdictions where a representative refinery model is not available.JRC.C.4-Sustainable Transpor
Christian Moretti; Alberto Moro; Robert Edwards; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. Analysis of standard and innovative methods for allocating upstream and refinery GHG emissions to oil products. Applied Energy 2017, 206, 372 -381.
AMA StyleChristian Moretti, Alberto Moro, Robert Edwards, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. Analysis of standard and innovative methods for allocating upstream and refinery GHG emissions to oil products. Applied Energy. 2017; 206 ():372-381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Moretti; Alberto Moro; Robert Edwards; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2017. "Analysis of standard and innovative methods for allocating upstream and refinery GHG emissions to oil products." Applied Energy 206, no. : 372-381.
In the last decades, thermoeconomic analysis emerged as a combination of exergy analysis and cost accounting principles, widely used for multiple purposes: to account for the exergy and economic costs of energy systems products, to derive the structures of such costs for the design optimization purpose, and to perform system diagnosis quantifying the source and the impact of malfunctions and dysfunctions within the analyzed process. Traditionally, thermoeconomic analysis is referred to as Exergy Cost Analysis or Exergoeconomic Cost Analysis. The former is based on the so-called Exergy Cost Theory, focused on the evaluation of exergy cost of the system products, while the latter is focused on the evaluation of monetary cost following the same theory. Currently, many practical approaches are available in the literature for the application of thermoeconomic analysis and Exergy Cost Theory to energy conversion systems, while a comprehensive classification, benchmarking and comparison of such approaches is missing. This paper aims to fill this gap through the following activities: first of all, a brief but comprehensive literature review related to the theoretical developments and applications of thermoeconomic analysis method is performed. Secondly and for the purpose of benchmarking, the main practical approaches identified for the application of Exergy Cost Theory are presented and formalized, including the fundamental aspects related to the definition of auxiliary relations and the reallocation of the exergy cost of the residues. Finally, the identified approaches are comparatively applied to the standard CGAM problem, and the advantages and drawbacks of each approach are discussed. It is found that the definition of the functional diagram and the numerical solution of the system through input-output analysis seem to be more straightforward with respect to the other approaches, leading also to the formalization of an unambiguous method to reallocate the exergy cost of the residual flows
Sajjad Keshavarzian; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Francesco Gardumi; Emanuela Colombo. Practical approaches for applying thermoeconomic analysis to energy conversion systems: Benchmarking and comparative application. Energy Conversion and Management 2017, 150, 532 -544.
AMA StyleSajjad Keshavarzian, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco, Francesco Gardumi, Emanuela Colombo. Practical approaches for applying thermoeconomic analysis to energy conversion systems: Benchmarking and comparative application. Energy Conversion and Management. 2017; 150 ():532-544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSajjad Keshavarzian; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Francesco Gardumi; Emanuela Colombo. 2017. "Practical approaches for applying thermoeconomic analysis to energy conversion systems: Benchmarking and comparative application." Energy Conversion and Management 150, no. : 532-544.
Here, we propose an approach for supporting the design and performance evaluation phase of solar cooking technologies, to assess their eventual appropriateness for remote rural contexts, before proposing them for local field tests. The approach is based on (1) local context description and analysis, (2) design and construction of the solar cookers, and (3) thermodynamic performance evaluation. We used the approach to analyse 3 cookers for the area of Mutoyi, Burundi: a parabolic, a panel, and a box cooker. From phases 1 and 2, only panel and box cookers emerged as the technically viable solutions: They were sized, optimized, built, and tested. In phase 3, the thermodynamic evaluation indicated that the box cooker is inappropriate, since water does not reach high enough temperature. Instead, the panel cooker shows a Standardized Cooking Power of 46.85 W and a stagnation temperature higher than 75°C, which is able to bring the water to the boil when the environmental temperature is higher than 25°C. The thermal efficiency of the cooker resulted equal to 8.13%, while the mean integral temperature Tm remained around 60°C for all the lab test replicates, higher than the minimum internal temperature to cook legumes. The results of the procedure applied to the case study indicate that the panel cooker can be proposed for local field tests with local food and cooking practices, for assessing its final appropriateness on the field.
Fabio Riva; Matteo V. Rocco; Francesco Gardumi; Giorgio Bonamini; Emanuela Colombo. Design and performance evaluation of solar cookers for developing countries: The case of Mutoyi, Burundi. International Journal of Energy Research 2017, 41, 2206 -2220.
AMA StyleFabio Riva, Matteo V. Rocco, Francesco Gardumi, Giorgio Bonamini, Emanuela Colombo. Design and performance evaluation of solar cookers for developing countries: The case of Mutoyi, Burundi. International Journal of Energy Research. 2017; 41 (14):2206-2220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabio Riva; Matteo V. Rocco; Francesco Gardumi; Giorgio Bonamini; Emanuela Colombo. 2017. "Design and performance evaluation of solar cookers for developing countries: The case of Mutoyi, Burundi." International Journal of Energy Research 41, no. 14: 2206-2220.