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E. Colombo
Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 23 October 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Energy system models for off-grid systems usually tend to focus solely on the provision of electricity for powering simple appliances, thus neglecting more energy-intensive and critical needs, such as water heating. The adoption of a Multi-Energy System (MES) perspective would allow us not only to provide comprehensive solutions addressing all types of energy demand, but also to exploit synergies between the electric and thermal sectors. To this end, we expand an existing open-source micro-grid optimization model with a complementary thermal model. Results show how the latter achieves optimal solutions that are otherwise restricted, allowing for a reduction in the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of 59% compared to a conventional microgrid, and an increase of reliance on renewable sources of 70%.

ACS Style

Nicolo' Stevanato; Lorenzo Rinaldi; Stefano Pistolese; Sergio Luis Balderrama Subieta; Sylvain Quoilin; Emanuela Colombo. Modeling of a Village-Scale Multi-Energy System for the Integrated Supply of Electric and Thermal Energy. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7445 .

AMA Style

Nicolo' Stevanato, Lorenzo Rinaldi, Stefano Pistolese, Sergio Luis Balderrama Subieta, Sylvain Quoilin, Emanuela Colombo. Modeling of a Village-Scale Multi-Energy System for the Integrated Supply of Electric and Thermal Energy. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicolo' Stevanato; Lorenzo Rinaldi; Stefano Pistolese; Sergio Luis Balderrama Subieta; Sylvain Quoilin; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "Modeling of a Village-Scale Multi-Energy System for the Integrated Supply of Electric and Thermal Energy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7445.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2020 in Sustainability
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Energy balances have been historically conceived based on a supply-side perspective, providing neither detailed information about energy conversion into useful services nor the effects that may be induced by the application of policies in other sectors to energy consumption. This article proposes an approach to a thorough assessment of the impact of efficiency policies on final energy uses, focusing on residential space heating and cooling, and capable of: (1) quantifying final useful services provided and (2) accounting for the global impact of efficiency policies on final energy use, taking advantage of Input–Output analysis. This approach is applied in five cities of Argentina. Firstly, the quantity of energy service provided (i.e., level of thermal comfort) for each city is evaluated and compared with the defined target. It is found out that heating comfort is guaranteed approximately as established, whereas in the cooling case the provision is twice the established level. Secondly, primary energy consumption of heating and cooling services is evaluated before and after different efficiency improvement policies. The results show that the major primary energy saving (52%) is obtained from the upgrading appliances scenario and reflect the importance of accounting for embodied energy in goods and services involved in interventions.

ACS Style

Roque G Stagnitta; Matteo V Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6563 .

AMA Style

Roque G Stagnitta, Matteo V Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6563.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roque G Stagnitta; Matteo V Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "A Complementary Approach to Traditional Energy Balances for Assessing Energy Efficiency Measures in Final Uses: The Case of Space Heating and Cooling in Argentina." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6563.

Journal article
Published: 18 May 2020 in Energy for Sustainable Development
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For decades, electrification planning in the developing world has often focused on extending the national grid to increase electricity access. This article draws attention to the potential complementary role of decentralized alternatives – primarily micro-grids – to address universal electricity access targets. To this aim, we propose a methodology consisting of three steps to estimate the LCOE and to size micro-grids for large-scale geo-spatial electrification modelling. In the first step, stochastic load demand profiles are generated for a wide range of settlement archetypes using the open-source RAMP model. In the second step, stochastic optimization is carried by the open-source MicroGridsPy model for combinations of settlement size, load demand profiles and other important techno-economic parameters influencing the LCOE. In the third step, surrogate models are generated to automatically evaluate the LCOE using a multivariate regression of micro-grid optimization results as a function of influencing parameters defining each scenario instance. Our developments coupled to the OnSSET electrification tool reveal an important increase in the cost-competitiveness of micro-grids compared to previous analyses.

ACS Style

J.G. Peña Balderrama; S. Balderrama Subieta; F. Lombardi; N. Stevanato; A. Sahlberg; M. Howells; E. Colombo; Sylvain Quoilin. Incorporating high-resolution demand and techno-economic optimization to evaluate micro-grids into the Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET). Energy for Sustainable Development 2020, 56, 98 -118.

AMA Style

J.G. Peña Balderrama, S. Balderrama Subieta, F. Lombardi, N. Stevanato, A. Sahlberg, M. Howells, E. Colombo, Sylvain Quoilin. Incorporating high-resolution demand and techno-economic optimization to evaluate micro-grids into the Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET). Energy for Sustainable Development. 2020; 56 ():98-118.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J.G. Peña Balderrama; S. Balderrama Subieta; F. Lombardi; N. Stevanato; A. Sahlberg; M. Howells; E. Colombo; Sylvain Quoilin. 2020. "Incorporating high-resolution demand and techno-economic optimization to evaluate micro-grids into the Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET)." Energy for Sustainable Development 56, no. : 98-118.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2020 in Energy
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Integrated systems modelling has provided insights on pathways for the sustainable use of energy, land and water resources. Among the existing modelling tools, some have been widely used to engage policy makers, due to their open source and basic structure. Yet, in the attempt of simplifying the representation of integrated systems, essential features significantly influencing the dynamics between systems may have been left aside. This study proposes an improved formulation of the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), for a better representation of energy and resource storage processes. In particular, the focus of this work is the storage losses introduction for both dams for hydropower generation and batteries for electricity storage. The modifications were applied to a case study representing key features of both a developed and developing country. The results highlight that, with low additional computational effort, a much more accurate representation of the storage technologies can be achieved. Despite the introduction of losses, renewable energy technologies tend to have a high penetration in the future energy mix thanks to storage applications that remedy their unpredictability and seasonality.

ACS Style

Andrea Palombelli; Francesco Gardumi; MatteoVincenzo Rocco; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS. Energy 2020, 195, 117025 .

AMA Style

Andrea Palombelli, Francesco Gardumi, MatteoVincenzo Rocco, Mark Howells, Emanuela Colombo. Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS. Energy. 2020; 195 ():117025.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Palombelli; Francesco Gardumi; MatteoVincenzo Rocco; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. 2020. "Development of functionalities for improved storage modelling in OSeMOSYS." Energy 195, no. : 117025.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2019 in Energy
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Efforts towards ensuring clean and affordable electricity for all have been progressing slowly in rural, off grid areas of developing countries. In this context, hybrid microgrids may offer reliable and potentially clean electricity for isolated locations. Nevertheless, the process of planning and operation of these systems faces several challenges, often due to the uncertainties related to the renewable resources and to the stochastic nature of electricity consumption in rural contexts. This paper tackles this problem and contributes to the literature in bridging the gap between field practices and two-stage stochastic modeling approaches by identifying an open-source modeling framework which is then applied to real local data. As reference case-study, we consider a microgrid built in 2015 in Bolivia. Overall, the optimal system results from a compromise between the Net Present Cost, the peak capacity installed and the flexibility (to balance variable generation). Different approaches to size isolated microgrids are tested, with the conclusion that methods accounting for the uncertainty in both demand and renewable generation may lead to a more robust configuration with little impacts on the final cost for the community.

ACS Style

Sergio Balderrama; Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Walter Canedo; Emanuela Colombo; Sylvain Quoilin. A two-stage linear programming optimization framework for isolated hybrid microgrids in a rural context: The case study of the “El Espino” community. Energy 2019, 188, 116073 .

AMA Style

Sergio Balderrama, Francesco Lombardi, Fabio Riva, Walter Canedo, Emanuela Colombo, Sylvain Quoilin. A two-stage linear programming optimization framework for isolated hybrid microgrids in a rural context: The case study of the “El Espino” community. Energy. 2019; 188 ():116073.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio Balderrama; Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Walter Canedo; Emanuela Colombo; Sylvain Quoilin. 2019. "A two-stage linear programming optimization framework for isolated hybrid microgrids in a rural context: The case study of the “El Espino” community." Energy 188, no. : 116073.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2019 in Data
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The transport sector is currently facing a significant transition, with strong drivers includingdecarbonization and digitalization trends, especially in urban passenger transport. The availability ofmonitoring data is at the basis of the development of optimization models supporting an enhancedurban mobility, with multiple benefits including lower pollutants and CO2 emissions, lower energyconsumption, better transport management and land space use. This paper presents two datasetsthat represent time series with a high temporal resolution (five-minute time step) both for vehiclesand bike sharing use in the city of Turin, located in Northern Italy. These high-resolution profileshave been obtained by the collection and elaboration of available online resources providing liveinformation on traffic monitoring and bike sharing docking stations. The data are provided for theentire year 2018, and they represent an interesting basis for the evaluation of seasonal and dailyvariability patterns in urban mobility. These data may be used for different applications, rangingfrom the chronological distribution of mobility demand, to the estimation of passenger transportflows for the development of transport models in urban contexts. Moreover, traffic profiles are at thebasis for the modeling of electric vehicles charging strategies and their interaction with the powergrid.

ACS Style

Michel Noussan; Giovanni Carioni; Francesco Davide Sanvito; Emanuela Colombo. Urban Mobility Demand Profiles: Time Series for Cars and Bike-Sharing Use as a Resource for Transport and Energy Modeling. Data 2019, 4, 108 .

AMA Style

Michel Noussan, Giovanni Carioni, Francesco Davide Sanvito, Emanuela Colombo. Urban Mobility Demand Profiles: Time Series for Cars and Bike-Sharing Use as a Resource for Transport and Energy Modeling. Data. 2019; 4 (3):108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michel Noussan; Giovanni Carioni; Francesco Davide Sanvito; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "Urban Mobility Demand Profiles: Time Series for Cars and Bike-Sharing Use as a Resource for Transport and Energy Modeling." Data 4, no. 3: 108.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2019 in Energies
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The growing complexity and the many challenges related to fast-changing and highly de-carbonised electricity systems require reliable and robust open source energy modelling frameworks. Their reliability may be tested on a series of well-posed benchmarks that can be used and shared by the modelling community. This paper describes and integrates stand-alone, independent modules to compute the costs and benefits of flexible generation options in the open source energy investment modelling framework OSeMOSYS. The modules are applied to a case study that may work as a benchmark. The whole documentation of the modules and the test case study are retrievable, reproducible, reusable, interoperable, and auditable. They create a case to help establish a FAIR-compliant, user-friendly, and low-threshold model and data standards in modelling practices. As is well known, one of the options for balancing high shares of variable renewables is flexible power generation by dispatchable units. The associated costs need to be considered for short-term operational analyses and for long-term investment plans. The added modules contribute to extending the modelling capacity by introducing (a) costs of ramping, (b) non-linear decrease of efficiency at partial load operation, and (c) refurbishment of existing units in the cost minimisation objective function of OSeMOSYS. From application to the test case study, two main insights are drawn: costs of ramping and decreased partial load efficiency may influence the competitiveness of generation technologies in the provision of reserve capacity; and refurbishment of existing units may represent attractive investment options for increasing flexibility. Both effects are also seen in the long-term and may impact infrastructure investment decisions to meet decarbonisation targets. These effects would not be captured without the introduction of the modules.

ACS Style

Francesco Gardumi; Manuel Welsch; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. Representation of Balancing Options for Variable Renewables in Long-Term Energy System Models: An Application to OSeMOSYS. Energies 2019, 12, 2366 .

AMA Style

Francesco Gardumi, Manuel Welsch, Mark Howells, Emanuela Colombo. Representation of Balancing Options for Variable Renewables in Long-Term Energy System Models: An Application to OSeMOSYS. Energies. 2019; 12 (12):2366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Gardumi; Manuel Welsch; Mark Howells; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "Representation of Balancing Options for Variable Renewables in Long-Term Energy System Models: An Application to OSeMOSYS." Energies 12, no. 12: 2366.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2019 in Energy
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ACS Style

Francesco Lombardi; Sergio Balderrama; Sylvain Quoilin; Emanuela Colombo. Generating high-resolution multi-energy load profiles for remote areas with an open-source stochastic model. Energy 2019, 177, 433 -444.

AMA Style

Francesco Lombardi, Sergio Balderrama, Sylvain Quoilin, Emanuela Colombo. Generating high-resolution multi-energy load profiles for remote areas with an open-source stochastic model. Energy. 2019; 177 ():433-444.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Lombardi; Sergio Balderrama; Sylvain Quoilin; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "Generating high-resolution multi-energy load profiles for remote areas with an open-source stochastic model." Energy 177, no. : 433-444.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2019 in Energy for Sustainable Development
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Electric cooking (or e-cooking) based on renewable sources and highly-efficient cooking devices could represent a sustainable and reliable option to achieve the universal access to clean cooking facilities by 2030. Still, the techno-economic feasibility of e-cooking has never been evaluated through (i) a high-resolution assessment of the electric and cooking load profiles, coupled with (ii) a least-cost energy system optimisation for the related electricity supply. Hence, the present study aims at accurately investigating the techno-economic potential of a fully-renewable solar micro-grid, ensuring an integrated access to electricity and clean cooking, based on two representative case studies in Tanzania, namely: (i) a residential case study, and (ii) a community-service case study. Bottom-up stochastic load profiles are generated for the two contexts by expanding the existing LoadProGen model with a novel complementary algorithm for the computation of high-resolution cooking loads. The cost-optimised results prove the cost-competitiveness of e-cooking, especially for the community-service case, where it would require only an additional 17% capital investment due to the pre-existence of other energy-intensive activities. Moreover, the range of Levelised Cost for Cooking a Meal (LCCM) obtained for e-cooking considering the different scenarios lies within 0.16 ÷ 0.70 USD/kWh, a range that is comparable with that of all other cooking options – including firewood –, and even more cost-competitive than LPG.

ACS Style

Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Marco Sacchi; Emanuela Colombo. Enabling combined access to electricity and clean cooking with PV-microgrids: new evidences from a high-resolution model of cooking loads. Energy for Sustainable Development 2019, 49, 78 -88.

AMA Style

Francesco Lombardi, Fabio Riva, Marco Sacchi, Emanuela Colombo. Enabling combined access to electricity and clean cooking with PV-microgrids: new evidences from a high-resolution model of cooking loads. Energy for Sustainable Development. 2019; 49 ():78-88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Marco Sacchi; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "Enabling combined access to electricity and clean cooking with PV-microgrids: new evidences from a high-resolution model of cooking loads." Energy for Sustainable Development 49, no. : 78-88.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2019 in Energy
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To support the ongoing transition towards smart and decarbonised energy systems, energy models need to expand their scope and predictive capabilities. To this end, this study proposes a multi-layer modelling methodology that soft-links (i) a stochastic bottom-up load curves estimation model, (ii) a technology-rich energy system optimisation model (Calliope) and (iii) a Multi-Regional Input-Output model (Exiobase v.3), and applies it to investigate the economic and environmental consequences entailed by a massive replacement of traditional gas-fired kitchens with induction kitchens within the Italian residential sector. Two scenarios are considered for the analysis: (i) business as usual (BAU, 2015 energy system configuration), and (ii) national energy strategy (SEN, configuration prospected in 2030). The results show how the intervention produces positive net effects on the primary energy balance of the energy sector only when sustained by adequate shares of renewables, as in the SEN (-1.5 TWh∙y-1); otherwise, increased operation of fossil-fuel plants offsets gas savings (BAU, +2 TWh∙y-1). Nonetheless, feedbacks on other productive sectors entail additional energy consumption and emissions, thus counterpoising positive effects obtained within the energy sector even in the SEN scenario. Still, higher renewables penetration reduces overall additional emissions from 2.07 Mton∙y-1 for BAU to 0.88 Mton∙y-1 for the SEN.

ACS Style

Francesco Lombardi; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy. Energy 2019, 170, 1249 -1260.

AMA Style

Francesco Lombardi, Matteo Vincenzo Rocco, Emanuela Colombo. A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy. Energy. 2019; 170 ():1249-1260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Lombardi; Matteo Vincenzo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo. 2019. "A multi-layer energy modelling methodology to assess the impact of heat-electricity integration strategies: The case of the residential cooking sector in Italy." Energy 170, no. : 1249-1260.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2018 in Energies
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Currently, about 2.7 billion people across the world still lack access to clean cooking means. Humanitarian emergencies and post-emergencies are among the most critical situations: the utilization of traditional devices such as three-stone fires have a huge negative impact not only on food security but also on the socio-economic status of people, their health and the surrounding environment. Advanced Cooking Stoves may constitute better systems compared to actual ones, however, financial, logistic and time constraints have strongly limited the interventions in critical contexts until now. The innovative, low-cost Mewar Angithi insert for improving energy efficiency of three-stone fires may play a role in the transition to better cooking systems in such contexts. In this paper, we rely on the Water Boiling Test 4.2.3 to assess the performances of the Mewar Angithi insert respect to a traditional three-stone fire and we analyse the results through a robust statistical procedure. The potentiality and suitability of this novel solution is discussed for its use in critical contexts.

ACS Style

Jacopo Barbieri; Fabio Parigi; Fabio Riva; Emanuela Colombo. Laboratory Testing of the Innovative Low-Cost Mewar Angithi Insert for Improving Energy Efficiency of Cooking Tasks on Three-Stone Fires in Critical Contexts. Energies 2018, 11, 3463 .

AMA Style

Jacopo Barbieri, Fabio Parigi, Fabio Riva, Emanuela Colombo. Laboratory Testing of the Innovative Low-Cost Mewar Angithi Insert for Improving Energy Efficiency of Cooking Tasks on Three-Stone Fires in Critical Contexts. Energies. 2018; 11 (12):3463.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacopo Barbieri; Fabio Parigi; Fabio Riva; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Laboratory Testing of the Innovative Low-Cost Mewar Angithi Insert for Improving Energy Efficiency of Cooking Tasks on Three-Stone Fires in Critical Contexts." Energies 11, no. 12: 3463.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The production of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) from natural gas reservoirs with high content of acidic compounds is expected to be a strategic and crucial issue for the development of the natural gas market in future decades. Therefore, the identification of alternative suitable processes for the synergistic natural gas purification and LNG production, when the amount of CO2 in the raw gas feed is high, and their comparative thermodynamic assessment, is necessary to foster a cleaner and efficient production of LNG. In this paper, the energy intensity of the classical chemical absorption units using aqueous solutions of Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and the novel Dual Pressure Low-Temperature Distillation process (DPD) operating in different national contexts is assessed by means of the Net Equivalent Methane analysis and the Energy Life Cycle Assessment. These methods return respectively the equivalent methane and the embodied non-renewable energy invoked by the two alternative processes in one operating year. In general, the primary energy required by the construction phases of both the systems results negligible compared to the operation phase, and most of the latter is due to the consumption of energy utilities, which is strongly dependent by the considered national context. According to the results obtained by means of both the methodologies, the DPD process is generally less energy intensive compared to MDEA: the DPD process results to be an efficient and promising technique to perform the synergistic natural gas purification and LNG production.

ACS Style

Matteo V. Rocco; Stefano Langè; Lorenzo Pigoli; Emanuela Colombo; Laura A. Pellegrini. Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 208, 827 -840.

AMA Style

Matteo V. Rocco, Stefano Langè, Lorenzo Pigoli, Emanuela Colombo, Laura A. Pellegrini. Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 208 ():827-840.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo V. Rocco; Stefano Langè; Lorenzo Pigoli; Emanuela Colombo; Laura A. Pellegrini. 2018. "Assessing the energy intensity of alternative chemical and cryogenic natural gas purification processes in LNG production." Journal of Cleaner Production 208, no. : 827-840.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2018 in Energy
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Rural electricity plans are usually designed by relying on top-down rough and aggregated estimations of the electricity demand, which may fail to capture the real dynamics of local contexts. This study aims at soft-linking a bottom-up approach for short- and long-term forecasts of load profiles with an energy optimisation model in a more comprehensive rural energy planning procedure. The procedure is applied to a small Indian community, and it is based on three blocks: (i) a bottom-up model to project households' electrical appliances, which adopts socio-economic indicators to make long-term projections; (ii) a stochastic load profile generator, which employs correlations and users’ habits for assessing the coincidence and load factors; (ii) an energy optimisation model based on OSeMOSYS to find the economic optimum. The simulations show that demand models based on socio-economic indicators lead to more structured and less arbitrary scenarios. The soft-link with the energy optimisation model confirms that when accounting for short- and long-term variabilities of electricity demand together, the optimal capacities and costs can vary up to 144% and 50% respectively. Integrating optimisation tools to bottom-up models based on socio-economic indicators for forecasting electricity demand is therefore pivotal to set more reliable investments plans in rural electrification.

ACS Style

Fabio Riva; Francesco Gardumi; Annalisa Tognollo; Emanuela Colombo. Soft-linking energy demand and optimisation models for local long-term electricity planning: An application to rural India. Energy 2018, 166, 32 -46.

AMA Style

Fabio Riva, Francesco Gardumi, Annalisa Tognollo, Emanuela Colombo. Soft-linking energy demand and optimisation models for local long-term electricity planning: An application to rural India. Energy. 2018; 166 ():32-46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Riva; Francesco Gardumi; Annalisa Tognollo; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Soft-linking energy demand and optimisation models for local long-term electricity planning: An application to rural India." Energy 166, no. : 32-46.

Journal article
Published: 12 October 2018 in Applied Energy
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According to IEA projections, the penetration of electric vehicles in the world transportation sector is expected to increase in the next decades to comply with the future GHG emissions policy targets. The change in transport technology mix will cause a change the environmental and economic impacts of the transportation sector, switching it from flows to funds, that is, from the production and use of the fuel to the production of the fuel pathway and powertrain infrastructures. Therefore, due to their comprehensiveness, the use of Life Cycle Assessment models will be increasingly important with respect to Well-to-Wheels ones in assessing the impact of future transport technologies. In this paper, the Hybrid Input-Output analysis is proposed as the appropriate framework to assess the impact due to a change in transport technology mix from a LCA perspective. First, LCA and WTW approaches are theoretically compared. Secondly, the LCA model is applied for the analysis of the economic and environmental impact caused by the prospected penetration of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) based on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) for Germany in 2050. In addition to the production of the vehicles, the LCA model includes the infrastructures for hydrogen production and distribution and the prospected change in the national electricity production mix. Significant discrepancies have been found by comparing results of LCA with the ones obtained by well-established WTW models already available in the literature. It is found that the impact caused by infrastructures and production of vehicles could significantly offset the expected reduction in CO2 emissions and primary non-renewable energy consumptions.

ACS Style

Matteo V. Rocco; Andrea Casalegno; Emanuela Colombo. Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses. Applied Energy 2018, 232, 583 -597.

AMA Style

Matteo V. Rocco, Andrea Casalegno, Emanuela Colombo. Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses. Applied Energy. 2018; 232 ():583-597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo V. Rocco; Andrea Casalegno; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Modelling road transport technologies in future scenarios: Theoretical comparison and application of Well-to-Wheels and Input-Output analyses." Applied Energy 232, no. : 583-597.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2018 in Modelling, Measurement and Control C
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ACS Style

Matteo Rocco; Yassin Rady; Emanuela Colombo. Soft-linking bottom-up energy models with top-down input-output models to assess the environmental impact of future energy scenarios. Modelling, Measurement and Control C 2018, 79, 103 -110.

AMA Style

Matteo Rocco, Yassin Rady, Emanuela Colombo. Soft-linking bottom-up energy models with top-down input-output models to assess the environmental impact of future energy scenarios. Modelling, Measurement and Control C. 2018; 79 (3):103-110.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo Rocco; Yassin Rady; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Soft-linking bottom-up energy models with top-down input-output models to assess the environmental impact of future energy scenarios." Modelling, Measurement and Control C 79, no. 3: 103-110.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2018 in Energy
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In this article, the economic and environmental implications due to the projected evolution of the power sector in Egypt until 2040 are assessed and discussed. The Reference Energy System (RES) of the Egyptian power sector has been defined and implemented in the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), based on two different energy scenarios. To increase the accuracy of the analysis, the discount rate on capital investments for the energy technologies has been imposed as a time dependent exogenous variable. Moreover, the robustness of the obtained results has been tested through a sensitivity analysis on the main exogenous parameters. It is found that Combined Cycles, Wind, and Photovoltaic rooftop systems are compatible technologies to be included in the future Egypt’s power generation mix. In particular, based on the abundant Egypt’s renewables resources endowments, wind power technology comes first in achieving the proposed target on renewables penetration in the country’s generation mix, and it might be a feasible alternative to replace a part of the natural gas share. Moreover, the significant impact of discount rate on capitals on the final results is highlighted: low values of discount rate would skew generation mix to include higher investment cost technologies and vice versa.

ACS Style

Yassin Yehia Rady; Matteo V. Rocco; M.A. Serag-Eldin; Emanuela Colombo. Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt. Energy 2018, 165, 198 -209.

AMA Style

Yassin Yehia Rady, Matteo V. Rocco, M.A. Serag-Eldin, Emanuela Colombo. Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt. Energy. 2018; 165 ():198-209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yassin Yehia Rady; Matteo V. Rocco; M.A. Serag-Eldin; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Modelling for power generation sector in Developing Countries: Case of Egypt." Energy 165, no. : 198-209.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs) represent the most commonly promoted solution to alleviate the burden associated with the use of traditional biomass in a short-term perspective. However, criticism is raising about the methodologies used for assessing their performance, with a particular focus on laboratory-based testing protocols. One of the key weaknesses of current protocols consists in the inaccurate and biased approach adopted for reporting and statistically analysing test results, which can lead to misleading conclusions about the actual improvements ensured by ICSs. This study proposes a robust procedure to deal with the statistical analysis of small sample sizes, and subsequently verify it through its application to an experimental comparison – based on the Water Boiling Test – between three models of stove. The results show that the current practice based on 3 or 5 replicates often produces biases in the analyses, as at least 13 replicates might be needed to achieve reliable results. Moreover, the study shows how the t-test is in most cases improperly applied, while the proposed procedure allows to deal both with normally and of non-normally distributed data sets in a robust way. In one case, the apparent improvement of an ICS model as compared to the three-stone fire, is refuted by the application of our procedure.

ACS Style

Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Emanuela Colombo. Dealing with small sets of laboratory test replicates for Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs): Insights for a robust statistical analysis of results. Biomass and Bioenergy 2018, 115, 27 -34.

AMA Style

Francesco Lombardi, Fabio Riva, Emanuela Colombo. Dealing with small sets of laboratory test replicates for Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs): Insights for a robust statistical analysis of results. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2018; 115 ():27-34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Lombardi; Fabio Riva; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Dealing with small sets of laboratory test replicates for Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs): Insights for a robust statistical analysis of results." Biomass and Bioenergy 115, no. : 27-34.

Report
Published: 01 July 2018 in Journal of International Humanitarian Action
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The increasing number of displaced people in the world not only requires rapid humanitarian actions, but also attention to host communities and a holistic and long-term vision. Energy has not been really considered a major topic in people displacement, yet, resulting in negative impacts on several aspects, including food security. New solutions are required, in terms of energy planning, technology development, and adaptation, as well as decision making, sensitization, training, and support to humanitarian actors. The Sustainable Energy Technologies for food security (SET4food) project phase 1 (2014–2015) developed a number of tools to support identification, adaptation, and introduction of appropriate solutions, tested some pilot innovations in critical areas, and promoted the enhancement of humanitarian response capability in the energy sector via an extensive capacity building program. In addition, a second phase of the project (2015–2018) fostered networking and collaboration between the main actors by developing an e-sharing platform, called ENERGYCoP, including a global not-for-profit community of practices for humanitarian professionals working in the energy sector. The platform may enable the shift from traditional “technological transfer” to a more participative approach on co-design and technological cooperation activated by a knowledge sharing mechanism. This paper outlines the main challenges and the achieved results of SET4food, providing recommendations for researchers and practitioners on the way forward.

ACS Style

Jacopo Barbieri; Fabrizio Leonforte; Emanuela Colombo. Towards an holistic approach to energy access in humanitarian settings: the SET4food project from technology transfer to knowledge sharing. Journal of International Humanitarian Action 2018, 3, 11 .

AMA Style

Jacopo Barbieri, Fabrizio Leonforte, Emanuela Colombo. Towards an holistic approach to energy access in humanitarian settings: the SET4food project from technology transfer to knowledge sharing. Journal of International Humanitarian Action. 2018; 3 (1):11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacopo Barbieri; Fabrizio Leonforte; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Towards an holistic approach to energy access in humanitarian settings: the SET4food project from technology transfer to knowledge sharing." Journal of International Humanitarian Action 3, no. 1: 11.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Within the current global challenges, energy plays a key role for the achievement of basic human needs, socio-economic development, environmental protection and global security. At the light of this interconnection, a proper impact evaluation metric able to assess the main effects of energy projects at local level becomes necessary in order to highlight successful strategies. Relying on the Sustainable Livelihoods concept, this study proposes an Impact Evaluation Framework (IEF) to measure project impact as changes of target community’s livelihoods. First, the IEF establishes a Capitals-Based Evaluation Hierarchy, taking its rationale from the literature: this first step responds to the needs of providing a standard and harmonized structure applicable to different projects. Secondly, the IEF develops a further Five-Step Procedure to respond to the concurrent need of flexibility and customization of specific projects. The conceptual methodology of the IEF might be used at different stages of project design: as a supportive methodology donors use in their programme of funds allocation or as an instrument experts use to quantitatively support their ex-post project evaluation. In the paper, the IEF is presented in the light of this second application and the procedure applied to a real project in Ethiopia. The set of information obtained with the IEF is compared to the final expert evaluation, commissioned by the donor and performed at the end of the project, showing the usefulness of IEF as a supportive methodology in the evaluation process

ACS Style

Emanuela Colombo; Francesco Romeo; Lorenzo Mattarolo; Jacopo Barbieri; Mariano Morazzo. An impact evaluation framework based on sustainable livelihoods for energy development projects: an application to Ethiopia. Energy Research & Social Science 2018, 39, 78 -92.

AMA Style

Emanuela Colombo, Francesco Romeo, Lorenzo Mattarolo, Jacopo Barbieri, Mariano Morazzo. An impact evaluation framework based on sustainable livelihoods for energy development projects: an application to Ethiopia. Energy Research & Social Science. 2018; 39 ():78-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuela Colombo; Francesco Romeo; Lorenzo Mattarolo; Jacopo Barbieri; Mariano Morazzo. 2018. "An impact evaluation framework based on sustainable livelihoods for energy development projects: an application to Ethiopia." Energy Research & Social Science 39, no. : 78-92.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2018 in Journal of Energy Resources Technology
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The core of the work is the investigation of the possible correlation between the thermodynamics and the hazards of a process. The objective is understanding the role of inefficiency in hazards consequences. To investigate such correlation, a case study from oil and gas sector is developed, where exergy analysis is used to study the thermodynamics of the process and a simplified quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is performed to evaluate the consequences of identified hazards. The thermo-economic approach is then used to correlate the two analyses. Through the analysis, the authors want to identify those components where hazardous consequences may be affected by inefficiency, aiming to reduce the risk of fatalities in processes by operating on the process itself or suggesting possible alternative strategies. The purpose of the paper is also to propose for further investigation on the correlation between inefficiency and process hazards.

ACS Style

Gabriele Cassetti; Maria Cristina Bellina; Emanuela Colombo. Correlating Quantitative Risk Assessment and Exergy Analysis for Accounting Inefficiency in Process Hazards: A Case Study. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 2018, 140, 082001 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Cassetti, Maria Cristina Bellina, Emanuela Colombo. Correlating Quantitative Risk Assessment and Exergy Analysis for Accounting Inefficiency in Process Hazards: A Case Study. Journal of Energy Resources Technology. 2018; 140 (8):082001.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Cassetti; Maria Cristina Bellina; Emanuela Colombo. 2018. "Correlating Quantitative Risk Assessment and Exergy Analysis for Accounting Inefficiency in Process Hazards: A Case Study." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 140, no. 8: 082001.