In light of increasing concerns about global environmental problems, environmental moral education is assumed to have a significant influence on the pro-environmental behaviour of students. Within the past decade, several higher education institutes have acknowledged the importance of integrating sustainability into the educational curriculum to have a focused and explicit impact on society. The current study investigated the relationship between environmental moral education and pro-environmental behaviour while drawing upon insights from the conservation of resource theory. The relationship among the aforementioned variables was studied for the mediating role of psychological empowerment and the moderating effect of Islamic religiosity. Data were collected from 429 university students with a cross-sectional approach. The data were analysed using “structural equation modelling” and “PROCESS” analytical techniques. The results of the study followed the predicted conceptual model, that is, environmental moral education was positively related to pro-environmental behaviour. Furthermore, psychological empowerment partially mediated the aforementioned relationship, while Islamic religiosity moderated the relationships between environmental moral education and pro-environmental behaviour as well as between environmental moral education and psychological empowerment. These findings reinforce the importance of environmental moral education and Islamic religiosity in understanding the Muslim student’s ecological behaviours.

In light of the overwhelming consumption of resources by the manufacturing sector, this paper examined three key subsystems that are critical in greening the sector. Whereas the extant literature has focused on technological development to reduce environmental damage, it has not analyzed profoundly how manufacturing processes can be greened effectively. Hence, using carefully gathered data of 299 respondents and structural equation modeling, this paper sought to investigate the mediating effect of social, environmental, and technical subsystems on the relationship between management support and sustainable manufacturing performance. The results show that management support has a positive relationship with sustainable manufacturing performance (p < 0.005), while social, environmental, and technical subsystems partially mediate this relationship. Hence, efforts must be taken to encourage management of manufacturing firms to support sustainable management performance, while at the same time supporting them to introduce innovative social, environmental, and technical practices.

This research is intended to investigate how generative leadership influences sustainable performance in Pakistan’s tourist industry, utilizing green passion and green work behavior as mediators. This study gathered data from 343 frontline workers and 120 managers in various Pakistani tourist firms, utilizing a non-probability sampling technique and standardized measurement scales. Employing SPSS PROCESS macros (model 4), this study meticulously scrutinized both the direct and indirect associations among the variables. The results of this study reveal a robust connection between generative leadership and sustainable performance. Furthermore, green passion and green work behavior are found to partially mediate the relationship between generative leadership and sustainable performance. These findings empirically endorse the significance of generative leadership in instituting sustainable practices in the tourism industry, as well as the role that employee attitudes and behaviors play in mediating this relationship. However, it is important to note that this study’s scope is limited to the Pakistani context, and further cross-cultural investigations may be needed to generalize these findings. Additionally, practical implications suggest that organizations in the tourism sector can benefit from fostering generative leadership to promote sustainability, offering valuable insights for industry practitioners and policymakers looking to encourage sustainable practices not only within Pakistan’s tourism sector but also in similar contexts worldwide.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease, with a high prevalence in Pakistan. MDD is treatable, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is recognized as an effective treatment worldwide. However, EMDR therapy, rooted in Western psychological frameworks, may require cultural and methodological adaptation to fit clients’ needs in Pakistan. Notably, there is a lack of research on adapting EMDR therapy in Pakistan, and scarce studies on its effectiveness through online modalities. To bridge these research gaps, this study has two aims: first to develop an adapted DeprEnd EMDR therapy protocol in Pakistan; second, to test its feasibility, relevance, and clinical effectiveness across in-person and online modalities. Methods: This research adopts a mixed-mode exploratory sequential randomized controlled trial design. In the first phase, an exploratory qualitative approach will be utilized to culturally and methodologically adapt DeprEnd EMDR therapy protocol through narrative review and focus group discussion. Data will be qualitatively analyzed. This phase has been previously reported in a separate peer-reviewed publication. In the second phase, a randomized controlled trial design will be used to test the feasibility, relevance, and clinical effectiveness of the adapted DeprEnd EMDR therapy protocol. Initially, it will be pilot tested among 25 handful clients, and later an estimated sample of 80 clients will be selected to test it on a large scale. Clients will be randomized via a covariate-adaptive technique to in-person and online arms with a 1:1 ratio. Symptom-related data will be collected at the baseline, midpoint, post-treatment, and follow-up stages. Data will be analyzed using a combination of univariate and multivariate statistics. Discussion: This research conducts the first known scientific adaptation and clinical testing of the DeprEnd EMDR therapy protocol in Pakistan. Through systematic adaptation and assessment of its feasibility and clinical effectiveness, this protocol is positioned to be scalable, showing potential for broader dissemination across South Asia. It contributes a vital framework for culturally sensitive mental health interventions that bridge global evidence-based practices and local sociocultural needs. This study paves the way for collaborative efforts to optimize trauma-focused psychotherapies in low-resource contexts, thus promoting health equity in the region. Trial registration: The initial study protocol was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database under registration no: NCT-06439043. Last Updated:01/21/2025 and Initial Release:05/27/2024.

In both public and private banking institutions, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between customer loyalty and various service quality parameters, including tangibility, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy. A regression analysis was carried out in order to investigate the connections that exist between these factors and the occurrence of repeat business. Based on the findings, it has been determined that tangibility, reliability, assurance, and empathy have a substantial impact on customer loyalty in both public and private banking institutions. These criteria are relevant in the banking business since they have been found to have positive connections with client loyalty. Yet, in this scenario, responsiveness did not yield a statistically meaningful impact on client loyalty. The overall regression model showed a high level of statistical significance, indicating the effectiveness of Tangibility, Reliability, Assurance, and Empathy in jointly accounting for variations in consumer loyalty. This research provides valuable insights for banks aiming to improve customer retention by focusing on specific areas of exceptional service. The findings resulted in suggestions for banks to improve service quality by investing in physical and online environments (Tangibility), maintaining reliable and error-free services (Reliability), improving client trust and communication (Assurance), and promoting empathetic interactions (Empathy).