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Abdul Razak R.K.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, P. A. College of Engineering, (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Mangaluru 574153, India

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Journal article
Published: 31 August 2021 in Materials
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Friction surfacing is a solid-state coating process that uses plastic deformation to improve the efficiency of the core metallic pattern, resulting in fine-grained coatings with superior wear and corrosion properties. This article focuses on the development of inherently homogeneous, non-diluted coating of AISI316Ti stainless steel above EN8 and also encloses the empirical relationship for the prediction of bond strength (Bs), coating thickness (Ct), and coating width (Cw). The key individualities for bonding geometry were believed to be the process parameters such as rotational speed (rpm), traverse speed (mm/s), and axial load (kN). The effect of input parameters on the bond’s external dimensions and strength was investigated using a multi-objective optimization approach through experimentation. The bond’s strength improved as the coating thickness was reduced and the coating width was increased. The grain-refined coatings superimposing martensitic microstructure with no deposition of carbide particles added value to the metallurgical study using the scanning electron microscope.

ACS Style

George S. N. Rethnam; Subramanian Manivel; Vijay K. Sharma; Chidurala Srinivas; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak R.K.; Sagr Alamri; C. Ahamed Saleel. Parameter Study on Friction Surfacing of AISI316Ti Stainless Steel over EN8 Carbon Steel and Its Effect on Coating Dimensions and Bond Strength. Materials 2021, 14, 4967 .

AMA Style

George S. N. Rethnam, Subramanian Manivel, Vijay K. Sharma, Chidurala Srinivas, Asif Afzal, Abdul Razak R.K., Sagr Alamri, C. Ahamed Saleel. Parameter Study on Friction Surfacing of AISI316Ti Stainless Steel over EN8 Carbon Steel and Its Effect on Coating Dimensions and Bond Strength. Materials. 2021; 14 (17):4967.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George S. N. Rethnam; Subramanian Manivel; Vijay K. Sharma; Chidurala Srinivas; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak R.K.; Sagr Alamri; C. Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Parameter Study on Friction Surfacing of AISI316Ti Stainless Steel over EN8 Carbon Steel and Its Effect on Coating Dimensions and Bond Strength." Materials 14, no. 17: 4967.

Review
Published: 26 July 2021 in Heat Transfer
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Population increase has resulted in an increase in the worldwide demand for alternative fuels due to depleting resources. There is a periodic increase in concern about the engine performance, pollutant emissions, and their predictions, from an engine using biodiesels. The use of intelligent algorithms in modeling and forecasting alternative fuels characteristics and their performance in engines are critically reviewed in this study. The paper aims at demonstrating with artificial intelligence methodologies the main conclusions of the recent research done for the above topic from 2012 to 2020. This article attempted to demonstrate an exploratory examination of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) soft computing technique used for the exact measurement and analysis of engine performance, emissions of exhaust engines when biodiesel is used as an alternative fuel. Additionally, the yield of biodiesel and their different characteristics predicted using ANFIS are also reviewed. Integration of particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and response surface methodology (RSM), either for comparison or optimization with ANFIS is presented. The summary of all studies is provided in tabular form. For the demonstration purpose, the ANFIS studies predicting different biodiesel and engine characters are provided with illustrative figures. The ANFIS prediction related to biodiesel used engine and biodiesel self-characteristics is found to be excellent. The ANFIS accuracy reported is better than the artificial neural network (ANN) accuracy. A minimum of 0.9 R2 value is generally obtained which is around 5% greater than the ANN modeling results reported. However, the ANFIS predictions are much more fitter than the RSM predictions. The integration of ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-GA provided much more optimized results.

ACS Style

Kedri Janardhana; S. Sridhar; Chandra K. Dixit; M. Deivakani; S. Tamilselvi; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Asif Afzal; Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig. ANFIS modeling of biodiesels' physical and engine characteristics: A review. Heat Transfer 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Kedri Janardhana, S. Sridhar, Chandra K. Dixit, M. Deivakani, S. Tamilselvi, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, Asif Afzal, Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig. ANFIS modeling of biodiesels' physical and engine characteristics: A review. Heat Transfer. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kedri Janardhana; S. Sridhar; Chandra K. Dixit; M. Deivakani; S. Tamilselvi; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Asif Afzal; Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig. 2021. "ANFIS modeling of biodiesels' physical and engine characteristics: A review." Heat Transfer , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2021 in Symmetry
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Traditional Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods have now become outdated; therefore, most researchers are focusing on more robust hybrid MCDM models that combine two or more MCDM techniques to address decision-making problems. The authors attempted to create two novel hybrid MCDM systems in this paper by integrating Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) with Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Complex PRoportional ASsessment (COPRAS). To demonstrate the ability and effectiveness of these two hybrid models i.e., TOPSIS-ARAS and COPRAS-ARAS were applied to solve a real-time robot selection problem with 12 alternative robots and five selection criteria, while evaluating the parametric importance using the CRiteria Importance Through Inter criteria Correlation (CRITIC) objective weighting estimation tool. The rankings of the robot alternatives gained from these two hybrid models were also compared to the obtained results from eight other solo MCDM tools. Although the rankings by the applied methods slightly differ from each other, the final outcomes from all of the adopted techniques are consistent enough to suggest that robot 12 is the best choice followed by robot 11, and robot 4 is the worst one among these 12 alternatives. Spearman Correlation Coefficient (SCC) also reveals that the proposed rankings derived from various methods have a strong ranking relationship with one another. Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the effects of weight variation and to validate the robustness of the implemented MCDM approaches.

ACS Style

Shankha Goswami; Dhiren Behera; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Sher Khan; Parvathy Rajendran; Ram Subbiah; Mohammad Asif. Analysis of a Robot Selection Problem Using Two Newly Developed Hybrid MCDM Models of TOPSIS-ARAS and COPRAS-ARAS. Symmetry 2021, 13, 1331 .

AMA Style

Shankha Goswami, Dhiren Behera, Asif Afzal, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, Sher Khan, Parvathy Rajendran, Ram Subbiah, Mohammad Asif. Analysis of a Robot Selection Problem Using Two Newly Developed Hybrid MCDM Models of TOPSIS-ARAS and COPRAS-ARAS. Symmetry. 2021; 13 (8):1331.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shankha Goswami; Dhiren Behera; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Sher Khan; Parvathy Rajendran; Ram Subbiah; Mohammad Asif. 2021. "Analysis of a Robot Selection Problem Using Two Newly Developed Hybrid MCDM Models of TOPSIS-ARAS and COPRAS-ARAS." Symmetry 13, no. 8: 1331.

Article
Published: 20 June 2021 in Journal of thermal analysis
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Heat exchangers are widely used for cooling and heating in every process industry. Here, a laboratory-scale experimental setup is used to investigate the thermal performance of inserted helical tube three-fluid heat exchanger using three different concentrations of graphene/water nanofluid (viz. 2, 4, and 6 volume percentage) as a working fluid. The influence of fluid flow in parallel configuration (viz. the flow of hot water, nanofluid, and air) is examined on the overall heat transfer coefficient, effectiveness and Nusselt number. The overall heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing all fluid flow rates. Significant improvements of the heat transfer coefficient between hot water and nanofluid and between nanofluid and air are found for the cases of nanofluids at the hot water flow or air flow rates, while a negligible effect of nanofluids between hot water and nanofluid is observed with increasing nanofluid fluid flow. Additionally, effectiveness decreases up to a minimum, after that it increases with increasing flow of hot water or nanofluid, while the effectiveness increases with increasing air flow and an improvement is found for the case of high concentration of nanofluid. A comparison between Nusselt numbers and correlations of a double-pipe helical tube heat exchanger shows a significant variation in results. Therefore, we proposed semiempirical correlations to estimate the Nusselt number and friction factor for the triple-fluid helical tube heat exchanger, and the correlations agree well with the experimental results. The semiempirical correlations would be useful for the flow of multiple fluids and several thermal communications in heat exchangers.

ACS Style

Asif Afzal; Tariqul Islam; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A. Muthu Manokar; Olusegun D Samuel; M. A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; H. Fayaz; Hafiz Muhammad Ali. Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of inserted helical tube three-fluid heat exchanger using graphene/water nanofluid. Journal of thermal analysis 2021, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Asif Afzal, Tariqul Islam, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, A. Muthu Manokar, Olusegun D Samuel, M. A. Mujtaba, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, H. Fayaz, Hafiz Muhammad Ali. Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of inserted helical tube three-fluid heat exchanger using graphene/water nanofluid. Journal of thermal analysis. 2021; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asif Afzal; Tariqul Islam; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A. Muthu Manokar; Olusegun D Samuel; M. A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; H. Fayaz; Hafiz Muhammad Ali. 2021. "Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of inserted helical tube three-fluid heat exchanger using graphene/water nanofluid." Journal of thermal analysis , no. : 1-14.

Conference paper
Published: 11 June 2021 in Materials Today: Proceedings
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The DSSC is a 3rd-generation solar cell made up of a semiconductor electrode, dye, electrolyte, and counter electrode. Dyes, more than any other part, are responsible for extracting solar radiation and transferring it to electric power. Hence, the type of dye sensitizer used has a direct effect on DSSC results. The sensitizer in typical DSSC was Ruthenium (Ru) complexes. Ru, on the other hand, has many pitfalls due to its higher price, availability, and difficulty in synthesis and characterization. As a result, instead of metal complex Ru dyes, ongoing study is concentrating on natural dyes obtained from plants. This paper presents the manufacturing method of dyes by utilizing the FTO coated glass for applying the paste on glass substrate for effective sunlight harvesting. Photo anode prepared by ZnO powder, Counter electrode prepared by the combination of Electrolyte (Ki + I2 + Acetonitrile). Natural dye used in this paper is Balagidda leaves which is available abundantly in the earth for better absorption, Improved charged separation and having very good electrical conductivity for power generation. Used Carbon soot for preparation of counter electrode Different solvents utilized during preparation of Dye (Ethanol, Methanol, DM water, Distilled water, Linseed oil). Dye analysis (UV-spectrophotometer and UV-spectrophotometer (D-5000), PH-meter, colorimeter, chromatography), Optical microscope used for now the structure of the ZnO coated along with the dye. We can measure the Open circuit voltage is 35.5 and Short circuit current 0.024 by connecting in series with DSSC by using Millimeter, fill factor is 1.477 and efficiency is 0.164.

ACS Style

S Veeresh Kumar; Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar; Kaladgi Abdul Razak; H.K. Madhusudhana; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C Ahamed Saleel. Preparation of dye (Bala gidda) for DSSC application. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

S Veeresh Kumar, Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar, Kaladgi Abdul Razak, H.K. Madhusudhana, Abdulrajak Buradi, Asif Afzal, C Ahamed Saleel. Preparation of dye (Bala gidda) for DSSC application. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S Veeresh Kumar; Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar; Kaladgi Abdul Razak; H.K. Madhusudhana; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Preparation of dye (Bala gidda) for DSSC application." Materials Today: Proceedings , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 09 June 2021 in Materials Today: Proceedings
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There is a demand for economic, affordable cost manufacturing and Improvement in power conversion energy of DSSC has made most researches finding for alternative ways to optimize each components of the cell to improve its efficiency. This paper reviews alternative ways to manufacture and synthesizing purpose for DSSC. The DSSC is one of the example for renewable energy power generation. This paper reviews the manufacturing or method by utilizing the FTO coated glass (Dr. Blade method) for applying the paste on glass substrate for effective sunlight harvesting.Photoanode prepared by ZnO powder, Counter electrode prepared by the combination of Electrolyte (Ki + I2 + Acetonitrile). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a material with an crust and trough structures like morphology. With X-ray diffraction analysis, With the help of thermal imager found the emittance and temperature on the DSSC surface , X-ray Florescence’s used for finding components present in the semi conductiveoxide. We can measure the Open circuit voltage is 35.5 and Short circuit current 0.024 by connecting in series with DSSC by using Multimeter, fill factor is 1.477 and efficiency is 0.164.

ACS Style

Veeresh Kumar S.; Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar; Abdul Razak R. Kaladgi; Veena B.G.; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C. Ahamed Saleel. Performance of new dyes along with some semi conductive oxides (ZnO) and analysis of the same. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Veeresh Kumar S., Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar, Abdul Razak R. Kaladgi, Veena B.G., Abdulrajak Buradi, Asif Afzal, C. Ahamed Saleel. Performance of new dyes along with some semi conductive oxides (ZnO) and analysis of the same. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Veeresh Kumar S.; Hiregoudar Yerrana Goudar; Abdul Razak R. Kaladgi; Veena B.G.; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C. Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Performance of new dyes along with some semi conductive oxides (ZnO) and analysis of the same." Materials Today: Proceedings , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 25 May 2021 in Materials Today: Proceedings
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Nano-lubricants have attracted many investigators since past decade due to their better anti-wear and friction reducing abilities. Still a major challenge lies in preparation of stable nano-lubricants with uniform nanoparticles suspension. In research studies synthesis of nanoparticle, preparation of nano-lubricants, characterization, and their performance are generally reported. Every single study has reported the enhancement in tribological capabilities of the nano-lubricants. TiO2 nanoparticle based nano-lubricants are specially focused which are either used after surface modification with acids or directly dispersed in base oil. Nano-lubricants with water and paraffin oil as base lubricant is rarest and common respectively. Several hybrid combination of nano-particles with TiO2 have also proved to be efficient. What further challenges is the optimization of the nano-lubricants performances with better stability and less preparation cost. No mathematical model yet exists to predict the properties and tribological behavior of the nano-lubricants.

ACS Style

Adarsh Krishnamurthy; Kaladgi Abdul Razak; Balachandra S. Halemani; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C Ahamed Saleel. Performance enhancement in tribological properties of lubricants by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Adarsh Krishnamurthy, Kaladgi Abdul Razak, Balachandra S. Halemani, Abdulrajak Buradi, Asif Afzal, C Ahamed Saleel. Performance enhancement in tribological properties of lubricants by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adarsh Krishnamurthy; Kaladgi Abdul Razak; Balachandra S. Halemani; Abdulrajak Buradi; Asif Afzal; C Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Performance enhancement in tribological properties of lubricants by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles." Materials Today: Proceedings , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 25 May 2021 in Materials Today: Proceedings
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There are various sources through which power can be generated today. All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), and even the energy in fossil fuels, ultimately comes from the sun. If a wind turbine's efficiency is increased, more power can be generated, thus decreasing the need for expensive power generators reducing the cost of power for the public. In this research, an experiment was carried out on different aerofoil blades (NACA 0015, NACA 0024, NACA 2412). All the blades are symmetrical. The blades were tested for different blade pitch angles as 15°, 20°, 25°. Each blade was tested with the fixed angles at different wind speeds, and the power generated and wind turbine speed was calculated. From the results, tip speed ratio and power coefficient for different setups were determined. The best output was generated by aerofoil blade NACA 0015 and a blade pitch angle of 15°. As aerofoil blades have the least drag coefficient, these blades can be used at high speeds, whereas standard horizontal axis wind turbines cannot be operated at high speeds.

ACS Style

Mohammed Avvad; K.C. Vishwanath; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Rayid Muneer; Mohammed Kareemullah; I.M. Navaneeth. Performance analysis of aerofoil blades at different pitch angles and wind speeds. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Avvad, K.C. Vishwanath, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, Rayid Muneer, Mohammed Kareemullah, I.M. Navaneeth. Performance analysis of aerofoil blades at different pitch angles and wind speeds. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Avvad; K.C. Vishwanath; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Rayid Muneer; Mohammed Kareemullah; I.M. Navaneeth. 2021. "Performance analysis of aerofoil blades at different pitch angles and wind speeds." Materials Today: Proceedings , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in Materials
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A lightweight, highly corrosive resistant, and high-strength wrought alloy in the aluminum family is the Aluminium 8006 alloy. The AA8006 alloy can be formed, welded, and adhesively bonded. However, the recommended welding methods such as laser, TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas welding), and ultrasonic are more costly. This investigation aims to reduce the cost of welding without compromising joint quality by means of friction stir welding. The aluminum alloy-friendly reinforcement agent zirconia is utilized as particles during the weld to improve the performance of the newly identified material AA8006 alloy in friction stir welding (FSW). The objectives of this research are to identify the level of process parameters for the friction stir welding of AA8006 to reduce the variability by the trial-and-error experimental method, thereby reducing the number of samples needing to be characterized to optimize the process parameters. To enhance the quality of the weld, the friction stir processing concept will be adapted with zirconia reinforcement during welding. The friction stir-processed samples were investigated regarding their mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Vickers microhardness. The welded samples were included in the corrosion testing to ensure that no foreign corrosive elements were included during the welding. The quality of the weld was investigated in terms of its surface morphology, including aspects such as the dispersion of reinforced particles on the welded area, the incorporation of foreign elements during the weld, micro defects or damage, and other notable changes through scanning electron microscopy analysis. The process of 3D profilometry was employed to perform optical microscopy investigation on the specimens inspected to ensure their surface quality and finish. Based on the outcomes, the optimal process parameters are suggested. Future directions for further investigation are highlighted.

ACS Style

Thanikodi Sathish; Abdul Kaladgi; V. Mohanavel; K. Arul; Asif Afzal; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters. Materials 2021, 14, 2782 .

AMA Style

Thanikodi Sathish, Abdul Kaladgi, V. Mohanavel, K. Arul, Asif Afzal, Abdul Aabid, Muneer Baig, Bahaa Saleh. Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters. Materials. 2021; 14 (11):2782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thanikodi Sathish; Abdul Kaladgi; V. Mohanavel; K. Arul; Asif Afzal; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. 2021. "Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters." Materials 14, no. 11: 2782.

Short communication
Published: 21 May 2021 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
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Thermal modelling of Li-ion battery system used in electric/hybrid electric vehicles is carried out. The main highlight of this study is the numerical modelling of Li-ion battery using finite volume method with the adoption of realistic coupled heat and fluid flow process. Thermal characters of the battery system are analyzed with the change in parameters like flow Reynolds number, battery internal heat generation, the length to width ratio, and the conduction-convection related parameter at the interface of battery and air. In detail analysis of maximum temperature, heat flux variations, Nusselt number, friction coefficient, coolant temperature, and velocity distributions are carried out. Finally, the effect of channel width formed between two parallel placed battery cells is also carried. The numerical analysis performed reveals that the length to width ratio of battery does not impact the thermal performance of battery. At lower Reynolds number, the conduction-convection parameter plays a significant role in reduction of battery temperature avoiding thermal stresses developed. Channel spacing has a prominent role in variation of battery and coolant temperature. The battery surface temperature is largely affected by parameters considered. However, it is at higher input of conduction-convection parameter, Reynolds number, and channel spacing the thermal variation remains insignificant.

ACS Style

Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; R.D. Jilte; Muhammad Ibrahim; Rahul Kumar; M.A. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; C. Ahamed Saleel. Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 26, 101058 .

AMA Style

Asif Afzal, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, R.D. Jilte, Muhammad Ibrahim, Rahul Kumar, M.A. Mujtaba, Saad Alshahrani, C. Ahamed Saleel. Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 26 ():101058.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; R.D. Jilte; Muhammad Ibrahim; Rahul Kumar; M.A. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; C. Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 26, no. : 101058.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2021 in Materials
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The choice of suitable inoculants in the grain refinement process and subsequent enhancement of the characteristics of the composites developed is an important materials research topic, having wide scope. In this regard, the present work is aimed at finding the appropriate composition and size of fly ash as inoculants for grain refinement of the aluminum AA 5083 composites. Fly ash particles, which are by products of the combustion process in thermal power plants, contributing to the large-scale pollution and landfills can be effectively utilized as inoculants and interatomic lubricants in the composite matrix–reinforcement subspaces synthesized in the inert atmosphere using ultrasonic assisted stir casting setup. Thus, the work involves the study of the influence of percentage and size of the fly ash dispersions on the tensile and impact strength characteristics of the aluminum AA 5083/7.5SiC composites. The C type of fly ash with the particle size in the series of 40–75 µm, 76–100 µm, and 101–125 µm and weight % in the series of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 are selected for the work. The influence of fly ash as distinct material inoculants for the grain refinement has worked out well with the increase in the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and impact strength of the composites, with the fly ash as material inoculants up to 2 wt. % beyond which the tensile and impact characteristics decrease due to the micro coring and segregation. This is evident from the microstructural observations for the composite specimens. Moreover, the role of fly ash as material inoculants is distinctly identified with the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for the phase and grain growth epitaxy and the Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) for analyzing the characteristic X-Rays of the fly ash particles as inoculant agents in the energy spectrum.

ACS Style

Santhosh Nagaraja; Kempaiah Nagegowda; Anand Kumar V; Sagr Alamri; Asif Afzal; Deepak Thakur; Abdul Kaladgi; Satyam Panchal; Ahamed Saleel C. Influence of the Fly Ash Material Inoculants on the Tensile and Impact Characteristics of the Aluminum AA 5083/7.5SiC Composites. Materials 2021, 14, 2452 .

AMA Style

Santhosh Nagaraja, Kempaiah Nagegowda, Anand Kumar V, Sagr Alamri, Asif Afzal, Deepak Thakur, Abdul Kaladgi, Satyam Panchal, Ahamed Saleel C. Influence of the Fly Ash Material Inoculants on the Tensile and Impact Characteristics of the Aluminum AA 5083/7.5SiC Composites. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2452.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santhosh Nagaraja; Kempaiah Nagegowda; Anand Kumar V; Sagr Alamri; Asif Afzal; Deepak Thakur; Abdul Kaladgi; Satyam Panchal; Ahamed Saleel C. 2021. "Influence of the Fly Ash Material Inoculants on the Tensile and Impact Characteristics of the Aluminum AA 5083/7.5SiC Composites." Materials 14, no. 9: 2452.

Journal article
Published: 25 March 2021 in Symmetry
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Nano aluminum oxide was prepared by the combustion method using aluminum nitrate as the oxidizer and urea as a fuel. Characterization of synthesized materials was performed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), powder XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and TEM (transmission electron microscope). Al-Mg/Al2O3 (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%) metal matrix nanocomposites were prepared by liquid metallurgy route-vertex technique. The homogeneous dispersion of nano Al2O3 particles in Al-Mg/Al2O3 metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) was revealed from the field emission SEM analysis. The reinforcement particles present in the matrix were analyzed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy method. The properties (corrosion and mechanical) of the fabricated composites were evaluated. The mechanical and corrosion properties of the prepared nanocomposites initially increased and then decreased with the addition of nano Al2O3 particles in Al-Mg Matrix. The studies show that, the presence of 6 wt% of nano Al2O3 particles in the matrix improved the properties of other combinations of nano Al2O3 in the Al-Mg matrix material. Further, the Al-Mg/Al2O3 (6 wt%) MMNCs are joined by friction stir welding and evaluated for microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties. Al-Mg/Al2O3 MMNCs may find applications in the marine field. The response surface method (RSM) was used for the optimization of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and microhardness of the synthesized material which resulted in a 95% of statistical confidence level. Artificial neural network (ANN) analysis was also carried out which perfectly predicted these two properties. The ANN model is optimized to obtain 99.9% accurate predictions by changing the number of neurons in the hidden layer.

ACS Style

Chandrashekar A.; B. Chaluvaraju; Asif Afzal; Denis Vinnik; Abdul Kaladgi; Sagr Alamri; Ahamed C.; Vineet Tirth. Mechanical and Corrosion Studies of Friction Stir Welded Nano Al2O3 Reinforced Al-Mg Matrix Composites: RSM-ANN Modelling Approach. Symmetry 2021, 13, 537 .

AMA Style

Chandrashekar A., B. Chaluvaraju, Asif Afzal, Denis Vinnik, Abdul Kaladgi, Sagr Alamri, Ahamed C., Vineet Tirth. Mechanical and Corrosion Studies of Friction Stir Welded Nano Al2O3 Reinforced Al-Mg Matrix Composites: RSM-ANN Modelling Approach. Symmetry. 2021; 13 (4):537.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chandrashekar A.; B. Chaluvaraju; Asif Afzal; Denis Vinnik; Abdul Kaladgi; Sagr Alamri; Ahamed C.; Vineet Tirth. 2021. "Mechanical and Corrosion Studies of Friction Stir Welded Nano Al2O3 Reinforced Al-Mg Matrix Composites: RSM-ANN Modelling Approach." Symmetry 13, no. 4: 537.

Conference paper
Published: 27 November 2018 in AIP Conference Proceedings
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The main objective of this study is to find which Nano fluid is more efficient to transfer heat in a solar flat plate collector by considering various physical parameters like density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity etc. Model was created and simulated using ‘Ansys-Fluent’ software (K-€ model was used for turbulent flow simulation). Different working fluids such as Al203 and CU0 were made to flow inside the single flat plate collector (SFPC). The simulations were carried out by varying flow rate, volumetric fraction of Nanoparticle etc. to the model to get best power output, efficiency, useful heat and heat losses so that the similar conditions can be applied to the actual system. Moreover attempts were made to increase the output temperature of the fluid to few degrees centigrade.

ACS Style

Yathin Krishna; Abdul Razak R. K.; Asif Afzal. The CFD analysis of flat plate collector-nanofluid as working medium. AIP Conference Proceedings 2018, 2039, 020062 .

AMA Style

Yathin Krishna, Abdul Razak R. K., Asif Afzal. The CFD analysis of flat plate collector-nanofluid as working medium. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018; 2039 (1):020062.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yathin Krishna; Abdul Razak R. K.; Asif Afzal. 2018. "The CFD analysis of flat plate collector-nanofluid as working medium." AIP Conference Proceedings 2039, no. 1: 020062.

Conference paper
Published: 27 November 2018 in AIP Conference Proceedings
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This paper mainly deals with the mathematical modeling, numerical analysis and Comparison of the thermal performance characteristics of a two-dimensional model of a nuclear fuel element cooled in a surrounding medium with those of one-dimensional model for different cladding materials and cladding thickness. Accordingly, the steady state equations governing the temperature field both for one and two-dimensional models with appropriate boundary conditions are solved numerically using second order central finite difference scheme. Line-by-Line method of solution procedure is then employed to get the algebraic equations which are solved using the famous Thomas Algorithm. Numerically simulated results for a wide range of Biot number, Bi, Conductivity ratio Cr, thickness ratio Th and heat generation parameter, Qt are presented and discussed. It is observed that the one dimensional model prediction is satisfactory only for lower values of parameters considered, for higher values of parameters it over predicts the two dimensional model. It is also observed that for fixed values of Ar, Qt and Bi, there exists a critical value of Th beyond which maximum temperature in the fuel element exceeds its allowable limit.

ACS Style

Abdul Razak R. K.; Asif Afzal; Mohammed Samee A. D.; Ramis M. K.. A comparative study between 1-D & 2-D nuclear fuel element cooled in a surrounding fluid medium. AIP Conference Proceedings 2018, 2039, 020055 .

AMA Style

Abdul Razak R. K., Asif Afzal, Mohammed Samee A. D., Ramis M. K.. A comparative study between 1-D & 2-D nuclear fuel element cooled in a surrounding fluid medium. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018; 2039 (1):020055.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razak R. K.; Asif Afzal; Mohammed Samee A. D.; Ramis M. K.. 2018. "A comparative study between 1-D & 2-D nuclear fuel element cooled in a surrounding fluid medium." AIP Conference Proceedings 2039, no. 1: 020055.

Original article
Published: 23 September 2018 in Heat Transfer-Asian Research
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To improve the cooling performance of a nuclear fuel element, it is important to appraise the effect of dimensionless parameters and the geometry on heat‐transfer characteristic of sodium flowing over a nuclear fuel element. To fulfill this objective, the effects of geometry, Reynolds number (ReH), conductivity ratio ( N cc), and dimensionless total heat generation parameter ( Qt) on a two‐dimensional steady flow of liquid coolant flowing over a nuclear fuel element are studied. For this purpose, the stream function‐vorticity formulation method is applied. Full Navier Stokes equations and energy equation for the fluid domain are solved concurrently with conduction equation of fuel element applying finite difference scheme. The pseudotransient form of the vorticity transport and energy equations is solved using the alternating direction implicit method. A line‐by‐line technique is used for other discretized equations. Isotherms are also plotted and studied in detail. From the obtained results it can be concluded that for fixed values of aspect ratio and Re H there exists a critical value of Qt and N cc beyond and below which peak temperature in the fuel element surpasses its tolerable limit. The results can also be applied to minimize the peak temperature in the nuclear fuel element (hot spots).

ACS Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Asif Afzal; Mohammad Samee Ad; Ramis Mk. Investigation of dimensionless parameters and geometry effects on heat-transfer characteristics of liquid sodium flowing over a flat plate. Heat Transfer-Asian Research 2018, 48, 62 -79.

AMA Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi, Asif Afzal, Mohammad Samee Ad, Ramis Mk. Investigation of dimensionless parameters and geometry effects on heat-transfer characteristics of liquid sodium flowing over a flat plate. Heat Transfer-Asian Research. 2018; 48 (1):62-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; Asif Afzal; Mohammad Samee Ad; Ramis Mk. 2018. "Investigation of dimensionless parameters and geometry effects on heat-transfer characteristics of liquid sodium flowing over a flat plate." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 48, no. 1: 62-79.

Article
Published: 11 January 2018 in Heat Transfer-Asian Research
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A coupled conduction–convection heat transfer analysis is carried out for a two-dimensional rectangular, vertical parallel plate channel producing volumetric energy (uniform and nonuniform), subjected to laminar forced-convection incompressible fluid flow under steady-state conditions. The equations governing the thermal and flow field are solved by using finite difference method, and the resulting algebraic equations are solved by using the tridiagonal matrix algorithm method. Four coolants with their Prandtl numbers (Pr), namely, liquid sodium (Pr = 0.005), sodium-potassium (Pr = 0.00753), lead (Pr = 0.02252), and helium (Pr = 0.666) are used for the present conjugate analysis. Effects of different thermal and fluid flow parameters such as Reynolds number (ReH) ranging from 500 to 1500, conduction–convection parameter (Ncc), and total heat generation (Qt) on average exit temperature (θae) of coolants are studied. From the obtained results, it is found that the θae of coolant strongly depends on Pr, ReH, Ncc, and Qt when the aspect ratio (Ar) is kept constant. It is also found that with a nonuniform rate of heat generation, the coolant θae is high compared to uniform heat generation rate, whereas with increasing Ncc, the θae decreases, and with increasing Qt, the θae increases irrespective of coolants.

ACS Style

Mohammad Samee Ad; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Rk; Ramis Mk. Effect of Prandtl number on the average exit temperature of coolant in a heat-generating vertical parallel plate channel: A conjugate analysis. Heat Transfer-Asian Research 2018, 47, 603 -619.

AMA Style

Mohammad Samee Ad, Asif Afzal, Abdul Razak Rk, Ramis Mk. Effect of Prandtl number on the average exit temperature of coolant in a heat-generating vertical parallel plate channel: A conjugate analysis. Heat Transfer-Asian Research. 2018; 47 (4):603-619.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Samee Ad; Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Rk; Ramis Mk. 2018. "Effect of Prandtl number on the average exit temperature of coolant in a heat-generating vertical parallel plate channel: A conjugate analysis." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 47, no. 4: 603-619.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology
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Liquid metals, such as sodium (Na), lead (Pb), and lead-bismuth (Pb-Bi) eutectic (e), are considered as potential coolants for the fast spectrum nuclear reactors of the next generation. So the main objective of this paper is to study the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of liquid metal coolants flowing over a nuclear fuel element having uniform volumetric energy generation. Stream function vorticity formulation method was used to solve the full Navier Stokes equations governing the flow. The energy equation was solved using central finite difference method. For the two-dimensional steady state heat conduction and stream-function equation, the discretisation was done in the form suitable to solve using 'line-by-line Gauss-Seidel' solution technique whereas the discretisation of vorticity transport and energy equations was done using Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) scheme. After discretisation the systems of algebraic equations were solved using 'Thomas algorithm'. The complete work was done by writing a well-validated indigenous computer code using C-language. The parameters considered for the study were: aspect ratio of fuel element, A

ACS Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A.D. Mohammed Samee; M.K. Ramis. Influence of Prandtl number on heat transfer of a flat vertical plate. International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology 2017, 11, 272 .

AMA Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi, A.D. Mohammed Samee, M.K. Ramis. Influence of Prandtl number on heat transfer of a flat vertical plate. International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology. 2017; 11 (3):272.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A.D. Mohammed Samee; M.K. Ramis. 2017. "Influence of Prandtl number on heat transfer of a flat vertical plate." International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology 11, no. 3: 272.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology
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The objective of this work is to numerically investigate the effect of various design parameters on the steady state thermal performance characteristics of liquid sodium which flows as a coolant over a rectangular nuclear fuel element having non-uniform volumetric energy generation. Accordingly, the stream function-vorticity formulation of the full Navier Stokes equations governing flow and thermal fields in the fluid domain (coolant) are solved simultaneously along with energy equation of fuel element, using finite difference schemes. The results obtained are presented in the form of variation of mean coolant temperature at the exit, average Nusselt number and average skin friction coefficient for a wide range of parameters - aspect ratio, A

ACS Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A.D. Mohammed Samee; M.K. Ramis. Thermal performance characteristics of liquid sodium as a coolant flowing past a rectangular nuclear fuel element. International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology 2016, 10, 11 .

AMA Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi, A.D. Mohammed Samee, M.K. Ramis. Thermal performance characteristics of liquid sodium as a coolant flowing past a rectangular nuclear fuel element. International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology. 2016; 10 (1):11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razak Kaladgi; A.D. Mohammed Samee; M.K. Ramis. 2016. "Thermal performance characteristics of liquid sodium as a coolant flowing past a rectangular nuclear fuel element." International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology 10, no. 1: 11.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in American Journal of Energy Engineering
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Dimples play a very important role in heat transfer enhancement of electronic cooling systems, heat exchangers etc. This work mainly deals with the experimental investigation of forced convection heat transfer over circular shaped dimples of different diameters on a flat copper plate under external laminar flow conditions. Experimental measurements on heat transfer characteristics of air (with various inlet flow rates) on a flat plate with dimples were conducted. From the obtained results, it was observed that the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number were high for the copper plate in which the diameter of dimples increases centrally in the direction of flow (case c) as compared to the other two cases.

ACS Style

Hasibur Rahman Sardar; Abdul Razak Kaladgi. Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis through Dimpled Surfaces with Different Arrangements. American Journal of Energy Engineering 2015, 3, 37 .

AMA Style

Hasibur Rahman Sardar, Abdul Razak Kaladgi. Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis through Dimpled Surfaces with Different Arrangements. American Journal of Energy Engineering. 2015; 3 (3):37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasibur Rahman Sardar; Abdul Razak Kaladgi. 2015. "Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis through Dimpled Surfaces with Different Arrangements." American Journal of Energy Engineering 3, no. 3: 37.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in American Journal of Energy Engineering
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Dimples play a very important role in heat transfer enhancement of electronic cooling systems. This work mainly deals with experimental investigation of forced convection heat transfer over square shaped dimples on a flat aluminum plate under external laminar flow conditions. Experimental measurements on heat transfer rate and friction characteristics of air (with various inlet flow rates) on a flat plate were conducted. Both staggered and inline arrangements of the dimples were considered for the analysis. From the obtained results, it has been observed that the heat transfer coefficient were high for the plate having dimples.

ACS Style

Jamil Ahmed; Hasibur Rahman Sardar; Abdul Razak Kaladgi. Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis of Square Shaped Dimples on Flat Plates. American Journal of Energy Engineering 2015, 3, 66 .

AMA Style

Jamil Ahmed, Hasibur Rahman Sardar, Abdul Razak Kaladgi. Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis of Square Shaped Dimples on Flat Plates. American Journal of Energy Engineering. 2015; 3 (5):66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jamil Ahmed; Hasibur Rahman Sardar; Abdul Razak Kaladgi. 2015. "Forced Convection Heat Transfer Analysis of Square Shaped Dimples on Flat Plates." American Journal of Energy Engineering 3, no. 5: 66.