Nano aluminum oxide was prepared by the combustion method using aluminum nitrate as the oxidizer and urea as a fuel. Characterization of synthesized materials was performed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), powder XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and TEM (transmission electron microscope). Al-Mg/Al₂O₃ (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%) metal matrix nanocomposites were prepared by liquid metallurgy route-vertex technique. The homogeneous dispersion of nano Al₂O₃ particles in Al-Mg/Al₂O₃ metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) was revealed from the field emission SEM analysis. The reinforcement particles present in the matrix were analyzed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy method. The properties (corrosion and mechanical) of the fabricated composites were evaluated. The mechanical and corrosion properties of the prepared nanocomposites initially increased and then decreased with the addition of nano Al₂O₃ particles in Al-Mg Matrix. The studies show that, the presence of 6 wt% of nano Al₂O₃ particles in the matrix improved the properties of other combinations of nano Al₂O₃ in the Al-Mg matrix material. Further, the Al-Mg/Al₂O₃ (6 wt%) MMNCs are joined by friction stir welding and evaluated for microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties. Al-Mg/Al₂O₃ MMNCs may find applications in the marine field. The response surface method (RSM) was used for the optimization of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and microhardness of the synthesized material which resulted in a 95% of statistical confidence level. Artificial neural network (ANN) analysis was also carried out which perfectly predicted these two properties. The ANN model is optimized to obtain 99.9% accurate predictions by changing the number of neurons in the hidden layer.

The wear characteristics of Aluminium AA 5083/SiC/Fly Ash functional composites under different load conditions are an important aspect to assess the inoculation of Fly Ash for enhancing the functionality of the aluminium composites with respect to its tribological behaviour and its influence on wear properties. The present work is majorly aimed at the development of AA 5083/SiC functional composites inoculated with Fly Ash using stir casting method for different blends of the reinforcements (2.5, 5 & 7.5 wt%). The novelty of this research is majorly attributed to the incorporation of functional inoculants in the form of Fly Ash, which along with the SiC is bound to influence the tribological characteristics of the composites. The wear characteristics of these fabricated composites have been investigated considering various process parameters viz., the load, sliding distance, sliding velocity, wt% of SiC and wt% of Fly Ash, based on the operational requirements of the composites in real time considered from the earlier research studies and the influence of each parameter on the wear rate is discussed. Based on the different wear regimes obtained after characterization of the samples at different load conditions, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is carried out for each blend of the samples to statistically validate the experimental outcomes. The results have given sufficient substantiation to the fact that wear rate decreases with the inoculation. The wear rate and coefficient of friction (COF) is minimum viz., 0.00095 mm³/m, and 0.301 respectively for L9 experimental trial, i.e., for the composite specimens synthesized by reinforcing 7.5 wt% SiC, and 7.5 wt% Fly Ash for a load of 20 N, sliding velocity of 6 m s⁻¹, and a sliding distance of 3000 m. The results have conferred that micro segregation (coring) of SiC and uniform dispersion of Fly Ash in the matrix enhances its tribological characteristics.

The present paper focuses on evaluating the bonding strength interfaces between the contact materials such as AISI 304L and Ti-6Al-4V via. the friction welding (FW). Experimental tests are performed by considering the process parameters such as friction time, rotational speed and friction pressure, mechanical properties were evaluated. The rotational speed of 1800, 1600, 2100, 2300 and 2500 rpm were considered in the study. The response surface methodology (RSM) is used to predict the outcomes of the work. Experimental tests were revealed that the friction pressure of 160 MPa, 7 sec of friction time and speed of 2300rpm are the optimal parameters based on the joint strength. Also, observed that the aluminum interlayer thickness of 1.25 μm on the Ti-6Al-4V side and 1.38 μm on the AISI 304L side. The tensile strength of 143.39 MPa was noticed at the interface area. The RSM response generates the curved potential line frequency range with 6.5% elongations. Results confirm that, the response surface methodology outcomes and experimental values were in close agreement.

Because of its improved formability, lower production costs, and mechanical properties, aluminum metal matrix composite is the highly intriguing engineering material. It can meet the needs of modern engineering applications used in the automotive, military, aerospace, and marine industries. Hybridization of reinforcement is adopted to develop tailor‐made properties of composites for specific application. In this study, Al‐B₄C‐Gr hybrid composites were produced with varying graphene content (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1 wt.%) and keeping boron carbide (10 wt.%) as constant, the effect of graphene proportion on the mechanical properties of produced composites was evaluated. It has been observed that increasing the Gr reinforcement particles in the synthesized composites improves the mechanical characteristics of the composites, such as raising the tensile strength to 215 Mpa and the hardness to 110 HV due to the presence and proper distribution of reinforcement in the matrix. When compared to the base alloy, the tensile strength and hardness of Al10B₄C0.75Gr composites rose by 27.174% and 67.290%, respectively. The dry sliding wear behavior of Al‐10 wt.% B₄C‐wt.%Gr hybrid composites confirms that graphene and B₄C particles in the matrix increase the wear resistance of the produced MMCs. The each parameter such as sliding distance, sliding velocity and load has its influence toward the better wear resistance of the developed composites and were discussed.