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Qiu-Gang Ma
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Research
Published: 13 July 2021 in Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
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Background The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of vitamin K (VK) supplementation on bone health of laying hens challenged by Salmonella Enteritidis. Methods A total of 80 32-week-old double negative salmonella-free brown-egg laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 20 replicates each (1 bird per replicate) according to a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 dietary VK supplementation levels [0 mg/kg (VK0) vs 2 mg/kg VK (VK2) and 2 challenge treatments [Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vs physiological saline solution (PS)]. During the last 3 days of week 43 of age, birds of both VK treatments were either orally challenged with 1.0 mL suspension of 109 cfu/mL S. Enteritidis daily or received the same volume of PS. Results The laying rate, daily egg mass, tibia strength, CT, cOC and cOC/(cOC + ucOC) of VK2 treatment increased (P < 0.05) in contrast to VK0, however, the medullary area and ucOC of VK2 treatment decreased (P < 0.05) in contrast to VK0. Mortality, medullary area, serum Ca content of SE treatments increased (P < 0.05) in contrast to PS treatments. In both SE treatments, the decrease (P < 0.05) in birds’ tibia strength was associated with higher (P < 0.05) Ca levels in serum. There is an interaction (P < 0.05) between SE challenge and VK levels with regard to tibia strength and serum Ca levels. At week 42, serum CT was positively correlated with cOC (R = 0.99, P = 0.009); at week 44, tibia strength was positively correlated with BMD (R = 0.95, P = 0.045), but negatively correlated with medullary area (R = − 0.98, P = 0.018). Conclusions VK (2 mg/kg) supplementation to diets of laying hens can enhance bone strength under challenge situations with Salmonella Enteritidis. Medullary area has proven to be a sensitive biomarker for bone calcium loss caused by SE infection.

ACS Style

Yaojun Liu; Rainer Mosenthin; Lihong Zhao; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Vitamin K alleviates bone calcium loss caused by Salmonella Enteritidis through carboxylation of osteocalcin. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021, 12, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Yaojun Liu, Rainer Mosenthin, Lihong Zhao, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Vitamin K alleviates bone calcium loss caused by Salmonella Enteritidis through carboxylation of osteocalcin. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 2021; 12 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaojun Liu; Rainer Mosenthin; Lihong Zhao; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2021. "Vitamin K alleviates bone calcium loss caused by Salmonella Enteritidis through carboxylation of osteocalcin." Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 12, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2021 in Animal Nutrition
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This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation with acidifiers on the growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal health of broiler chickens. A total of 648 male Arbor Acres broiler chickens at 1 d old were randomly divided into 6 groups, and each group consisted of 6 replicates with 18 broilers per replicate. The dietary treatments were as follows: negative control (NC, the basal diet), NC + antibiotic (enramycin, 8 mg/kg, positive control [PC]), NC + phosphoric acid (PA, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 g/kg), and NC + lactic acid (LA, 0.3 g/kg). The feeding trial lasted for 42 d. The results showed that the feed-to-gain ratio of the NC + acidifier groups was lower than that of the NC and PC groups from 1 to 42 d (P < 0.05). Compared with the values in the NC group, the pH of breast muscle was significantly higher in the NC + PA (0.2 g/kg) and LA (0.3 g/kg) groups (P < 0.05), and the cooking loss was lower in the breast muscle of the NC + PA (0.1 g/kg) and LA (0.3 g/kg) groups (P < 0.05); in addition, the shear force of the breast muscle and thigh muscle and the pH value in the crop, gizzard and duodenum of the antibiotic and acidifier groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared with those in the NC group, the trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase activities of the duodenum in the NC + PA (0.2 and 0.3 g/kg) groups, as well as the villus height-to-crypt depth (VH:CD) ratio of the duodenum in the NC + PA (0.1 g/kg) group was significantly greater (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the number of total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the cecum of the NC + PA (0.1 g/kg) and LA (0.3 g/kg) groups were decreased (P < 0.05). Collectively, diet supplementation with acidifiers could improve the growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal health of broilers, in which the effects of PA (0.1 g/kg and 0.2 g/kg) are better than the other supplementations.

ACS Style

Chun-Qi Gao; Hui-Qin Shi; Wen-Yan Xie; Li-Hong Zhao; Jian-Yun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiu-Gang Ma. Dietary supplementation with acidifiers improves the growth performance, meat quality and intestinal health of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition 2021, 7, 762 -769.

AMA Style

Chun-Qi Gao, Hui-Qin Shi, Wen-Yan Xie, Li-Hong Zhao, Jian-Yun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiu-Gang Ma. Dietary supplementation with acidifiers improves the growth performance, meat quality and intestinal health of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition. 2021; 7 (3):762-769.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chun-Qi Gao; Hui-Qin Shi; Wen-Yan Xie; Li-Hong Zhao; Jian-Yun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiu-Gang Ma. 2021. "Dietary supplementation with acidifiers improves the growth performance, meat quality and intestinal health of broiler chickens." Animal Nutrition 7, no. 3: 762-769.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Toxins
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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic mycotoxin that causes severe suppression of the immune system of humans and animals, as well as enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, causing oxidative damage. However, the mechanisms underlying the ROS formation and immunotoxicity of AFB1 are poorly understood. This study used the mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cell line and whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology to address this knowledge-gap. The results show that AFB1 induced the decrease of cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. AFB1 also significantly increased intracellular productions of ROS and malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione levels. These changes correlated with increased mRNA expression of NOS2, TNF-α and CXCL2 and decreased expression of CD86. In total, 783 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via RNA-Seq technology. KEGG analysis of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway revealed that mRNA levels of ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5, ND6, Cyt b, COX2, ATPeF0A and ATPeF08 were higher in AFB1-treated cells than control cells, whereas 14 DEGs were downregulated in the AFB1 group. Furthermore, seven immune regulatory pathways mediated by oxidative stress were identified by KEGG analysis. Altogether, these data suggest that AFB1 induces oxidative stress in macrophages via affecting the respiratory chain, which leads to the activation of several signaling pathways related to the inflammatory response.

ACS Style

Jinglin Ma; Yanrong Liu; Yongpeng Guo; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji; Lihong Zhao. Transcriptional Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Macrophages. Toxins 2021, 13, 401 .

AMA Style

Jinglin Ma, Yanrong Liu, Yongpeng Guo, Qiugang Ma, Cheng Ji, Lihong Zhao. Transcriptional Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Macrophages. Toxins. 2021; 13 (6):401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinglin Ma; Yanrong Liu; Yongpeng Guo; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji; Lihong Zhao. 2021. "Transcriptional Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Macrophages." Toxins 13, no. 6: 401.

Research article
Published: 10 May 2021 in ACS Omega
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The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of methionine (Met), lysine (Lys), isoleucine (Ile), and threonine (Thr) deficiency in a low-protein diet on laying performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indices, and the gut microbiota in laying hens. A total of 300 Peking Pink laying hens, at 38 weeks of age, were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments, each of which included six replicates of ten hens. Hens were fed an amino acid-balanced diet (Met: 0.46%; Lys: 0.76%; Ile: 0.72%; Thr: 0.56%; positive control, PC), Met deficiency diet (Met-, 0.25%), Lys deficiency diet (Lys-, 0.56%), Ile deficiency diet (Ile-, 0.54%), and Thr deficiency diet (Thr-, 0.46%) for 12 weeks. Hens were housed in pairs in 45 × 45 × 45 cm wire cages with three ladders and three birds per cage. Feed and water were provided ad libitum during the entire experimental period. All data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple range test. Here, compared to the PC group, final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), egg production (EP), egg weight (EW), average daily egg mass (EM), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and yield of abdominal fat (AFY) in the Met-group were lower, while EW and EM were higher in the Lys-group. The feed egg ratio (FER) was increased in the Met- and Lys-groups, and EW and AFY were decreased in the Ile-group compared to the controls. Meanwhile, ADG, EP, EM, and ADFI were lower in the Thr group than the PC group. The level of triglycerides (TGs) in the four groups was lower and the concentrations of uric acid (UA) in the Met-group were higher than those in the PC group. The shell color in the Thr group was lower than the PC group. Of note, amino acid deficiency altered the gut microbial structure (e.g., increasing the level of Parabacteroides and decreasing the abundance of Lactobacillus) in hens. The correlation analysis showed that amino acid deficiency-induced gut microbiota alteration is closely associated with the change in key parameters: FER, UA, AFY, EW, EM, TG, FBW, EP, and ADFI. Collectively, our results highlight the role of adequate amino acid ratio supplementation in the low-crude-protein diet structure for laying hens.

ACS Style

Shunju Geng; Shimeng Huang; Qiugang Ma; Fuyong Li; Yan Gao; Lihong Zhao; Jianyun Zhang. Alterations and Correlations of the Gut Microbiome, Performance, Egg Quality, and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Laying Hens with Low-Protein Amino Acid-Deficient Diets. ACS Omega 2021, 6, 13094 -13104.

AMA Style

Shunju Geng, Shimeng Huang, Qiugang Ma, Fuyong Li, Yan Gao, Lihong Zhao, Jianyun Zhang. Alterations and Correlations of the Gut Microbiome, Performance, Egg Quality, and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Laying Hens with Low-Protein Amino Acid-Deficient Diets. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (20):13094-13104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shunju Geng; Shimeng Huang; Qiugang Ma; Fuyong Li; Yan Gao; Lihong Zhao; Jianyun Zhang. 2021. "Alterations and Correlations of the Gut Microbiome, Performance, Egg Quality, and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Laying Hens with Low-Protein Amino Acid-Deficient Diets." ACS Omega 6, no. 20: 13094-13104.

Review
Published: 21 November 2020 in Food Research International
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Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites mainly produced by Aspergillus fungi, posing high carcinogenic potency in humans and animals. Dietary exposure to aflatoxins is a global problem in both developed and developing countries especially where there is poor regulation of their levels in food and feed. Thus, academics have been striving over the decades to develop effective strategies for degrading aflatoxins in food and feed. These strategies are technologically diverse and based on physical, chemical, or biological principles. This review summarizes the recent progress on novel aflatoxin degradation strategies including irradiation, cold plasma, ozone, electrolyzed oxidizing water, organic acids, natural plant extracts, microorganisms and enzymes. A clear understanding of the detoxification efficiency, mechanism of action, degradation products, application potential and current limitations of these methods is presented. In addition, the development and future perspective of nanozymes in aflatoxins degradation are introduced.

ACS Style

Yongpeng Guo; Lihong Zhao; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji. Novel strategies for degradation of aflatoxins in food and feed: A review. Food Research International 2020, 140, 109878 .

AMA Style

Yongpeng Guo, Lihong Zhao, Qiugang Ma, Cheng Ji. Novel strategies for degradation of aflatoxins in food and feed: A review. Food Research International. 2020; 140 ():109878.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yongpeng Guo; Lihong Zhao; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji. 2020. "Novel strategies for degradation of aflatoxins in food and feed: A review." Food Research International 140, no. : 109878.

Short communication
Published: 06 July 2020 in Animal Nutrition
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This study was conducted to evaluate the alleviation of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture as zearalenone (ZEA) biodegradation agent on oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and fecal ZEA residue in the first parity gestation sows during the gestation. A total of 80 first-parity gilts (Yorkshire × Landrace) were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments with 20 replications per treatment and one gilt per replicate. The dietary treatments were as follows: CO (positive control); MO (negative control, ZEA level at 246 μg/kg diet); COA (CO + B. subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2 × 109 CFU/kg diet); MOA (MO + ZEA level at 260 μg/kg diet + B. subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2 × 109 CFU/kg diet). The experiment lasted for the whole gestation period of sows. Results showed that feeding the diet naturally contaminated with low-dose ZEA caused an increase of cell apoptosis in organ and the residual ZEA in feces as well as a decrease of antioxidant function in serum. The addition of B. subtilis ANSB01G culture in the diets can effectively alleviate the status of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ZEA in diets of gestation sows, as well as decrease the content of residual ZEA in feces.

ACS Style

Jianchuan Zhou; Xiang Ao; Yuanpei Lei; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture alleviates oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by dietary zearalenone in first-parity gestation sows. Animal Nutrition 2020, 6, 372 -378.

AMA Style

Jianchuan Zhou, Xiang Ao, Yuanpei Lei, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture alleviates oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by dietary zearalenone in first-parity gestation sows. Animal Nutrition. 2020; 6 (3):372-378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianchuan Zhou; Xiang Ao; Yuanpei Lei; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2020. "Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture alleviates oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by dietary zearalenone in first-parity gestation sows." Animal Nutrition 6, no. 3: 372-378.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2020 in Food Chemistry
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In the present study, the CotA protein from Bacillus licheniformis ANSB821 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Apart from the laccase activities, we found that the recombinant CotA could effectively oxidize aflatoxin B1 in the absence of redox mediators. The Km, Kcat and Vmax values of the recombinant CotA towards aflatoxin B1 were 60.62 μM, 0.03 s−1 and 10.08 μg min−1 mg−1, respectively. CotA-mediated aflatoxin B1 degradation products were purified and identified to be aflatoxin Q1 and epi-aflatoxin Q1. The treatment of human liver cells L-02 with aflatoxin Q1 and epi-aflatoxin Q1 did not suppress cell viability and induce apoptosis. Molecular docking simulation revealed that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interaction played an important role in aflatoxin B1-CotA stability. These findings in the current study are promising for a possible application of CotA as a novel aflatoxin oxidase in degrading AFB1 in food.

ACS Style

Yongpeng Guo; Xiaojuan Qin; Yu Tang; Qiugang Ma; Jianyun Zhang; Lihong Zhao. CotA laccase, a novel aflatoxin oxidase from Bacillus licheniformis, transforms aflatoxin B1 to aflatoxin Q1 and epi-aflatoxin Q1. Food Chemistry 2020, 325, 126877 .

AMA Style

Yongpeng Guo, Xiaojuan Qin, Yu Tang, Qiugang Ma, Jianyun Zhang, Lihong Zhao. CotA laccase, a novel aflatoxin oxidase from Bacillus licheniformis, transforms aflatoxin B1 to aflatoxin Q1 and epi-aflatoxin Q1. Food Chemistry. 2020; 325 ():126877.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yongpeng Guo; Xiaojuan Qin; Yu Tang; Qiugang Ma; Jianyun Zhang; Lihong Zhao. 2020. "CotA laccase, a novel aflatoxin oxidase from Bacillus licheniformis, transforms aflatoxin B1 to aflatoxin Q1 and epi-aflatoxin Q1." Food Chemistry 325, no. : 126877.

Preprint content
Published: 09 April 2020
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Carnosine plays an important role in regulating muscle buffering capacity and glycolysis. In order to investigate the effects of dietary β-alanine, L-histidine, and L-carnosine supplementation on the pH value, glycolytic potential, the activities of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities in the porcine longissimus dorsi muscle, a total of 60 barrows with an average body weight (BW) of 50.5 ± 1.7 kg were assigned into five groups which received diets containing basal diet (control, CON), 0.04% β-alanine (β-ALA), 0.06% L-histidine (L-HIS), 0.04% β-alanine+0.06% L-histidine (β-ALA+L-HIS), or 0.1% L-carnosine (L-CAR). The results showed that dietary supplementation of the combination of β-ALA and L-HIS or L-CAR significantly increased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs with 50-75 kg BW, compared with other three groups. Compared with L-CAR group, L-HIS supplementation significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of pigs. There were no significant difference (P > 0.05) in back fat thickness and loin eye area among treatments. At 0, 1 and 24 h postmortem (PM) the pH values in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of pigs receiving L-CAR were higher (P < 0.05) than that of pigs receiving CON diet. The redness (a*) values of LM of pigs in the β-ALA+L-HIS or L-CAR group were higher (P < 0.05) than those in other three groups. The glycolytic potential of LM was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among treatments. At 1, 24 h PM the AMPK activities in LM of pigs receiving β-ALA, β-ALA+L-HIS and L-CAR were much lower (P < 0.05) than those of pigs receiving CON diet or L-HIS. 0.1% L-carnosine or 0.04% β-alanine supplemented to pigs’ diet was effective in regulating AMPK and PK activities in the porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and preventing the development of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork.

ACS Style

Lihong Zhao; Peng Chen; Wenxiang Li; Lan Li; Yaojun Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Lihong Zhao, Peng Chen, Wenxiang Li, Lan Li, Yaojun Liu, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lihong Zhao; Peng Chen; Wenxiang Li; Lan Li; Yaojun Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2020. "β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2019 in Animal Nutrition
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum (SSGL), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, on growth performance, antioxidant ability, and immunity of broilers. Three hundred male broilers with similar body weights (40.0 ± 1.0 g) at 1 d of age were assigned randomly to 4 treatments. Each treatment contained 5 replicates of 15 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments were corn–soybean meal basal diet supplemented with SSGL at the concentrations of 0 (control), 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg diet. The results showed that diets supplemented with SSGL significantly increased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain and decreased (P < 0.05) the feed:gain (F:G) ratio of birds during the finisher period (22 to 44 d of age). Moreover, the total antioxidant capability, glutathione reductase and catalase activities in the liver and spleen were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in broilers fed diets with SSGL than in broilers fed the control diet. Additionally, dietary SSGL also increased (P < 0.05) the serum interleukin (IL)-2, immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG levels of broilers compared with the control diet. These results suggest that SSGL have ameliorative effects on growth performance, free radical-scavenging activity, antioxidant capability, and immune function of broilers.

ACS Style

Tao Liu; Jianchuan Zhou; Wenxiang Li; Xiaoping Rong; Yan Gao; Lihong Zhao; Yu Fan; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune response of broilers. Animal Nutrition 2019, 6, 39 -46.

AMA Style

Tao Liu, Jianchuan Zhou, Wenxiang Li, Xiaoping Rong, Yan Gao, Lihong Zhao, Yu Fan, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune response of broilers. Animal Nutrition. 2019; 6 (1):39-46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Liu; Jianchuan Zhou; Wenxiang Li; Xiaoping Rong; Yan Gao; Lihong Zhao; Yu Fan; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2019. "Effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune response of broilers." Animal Nutrition 6, no. 1: 39-46.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2019 in Toxins
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This study was conducted to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 biodegradation product (BDP) in reducing the milk aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) content of dairy cows fed a diet contaminated with aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁). Twenty-four Chinese Holstein cows (254 ± 19 d in milk; milk production 19.0 ± 1.2 kg d-1) were assigned to three dietary treatments, as follows: (1) control diet (CON), consisting of a basal total mixed ration (TMR); (2) aflatoxin diet (AF), containing CON plus 63 μg of AFB₁ kg-1 of diet dry matter; and (3) aflatoxin diet plus BDP (AF + BDP), containing AF plus BDP at 0.2% of diet dry matter. The experiment lasted 12 days, including an AFB₁-dosing period from days one to eight, followed by a clearance period from days nine to twelve. Milk samples were collected on days 2, 4, 6, and 8⁻12, and the plasma was sampled on day 9, before morning feeding. Short-term AFB₁ exposure did not affect the milk production and composition. The plasma biochemical indices, except for lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), were also not changed by the AFB₁ intake. The plasma LDH level was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) following dietary treatment with AFB₁, while no significant difference was observed between the AF + BDP and CON treatments. Adding BDP to the AFB₁-contaminaed diet resulted in a significant reduction in AFM₁ concentration (483 vs. 665 ng L-1) in the milk, AFM₁ excretion (9.14 vs. 12.71 μg d-1), and transfer rate of dietary AFB₁ to milk AFM₁ (0.76 vs. 1.06%). In conclusion, the addition of BDP could be an alternative method for reducing the dietary AFB₁ bioavailability in dairy cows.

ACS Style

Yongpeng Guo; Yong Zhang; Chen Wei; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Lihong Zhao. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 Biodegradation Product for the Reduction of the Milk Aflatoxin M₁ Content of Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B₁. Toxins 2019, 11, 161 .

AMA Style

Yongpeng Guo, Yong Zhang, Chen Wei, Qiugang Ma, Cheng Ji, Jianyun Zhang, Lihong Zhao. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 Biodegradation Product for the Reduction of the Milk Aflatoxin M₁ Content of Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B₁. Toxins. 2019; 11 (3):161.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yongpeng Guo; Yong Zhang; Chen Wei; Qiugang Ma; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Lihong Zhao. 2019. "Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 Biodegradation Product for the Reduction of the Milk Aflatoxin M₁ Content of Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B₁." Toxins 11, no. 3: 161.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2018 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) and the effectiveness of Devosia sp. ANSB714 for alleviation of DON toxicosis in growing-finishing pigs. A total of twenty pigs were allocated equally to four treatments for 18 days: CON (basal diet formulated with normal rice), Devosia sp. ANSB714 (CON + Devosia sp. ANSB714), DON (toxic diet formulated with DON-contaminated rice), and DON + Devosia sp. ANSB714. The treatments of Devosia sp. ANSB714 and DON + Devosia sp. ANSB714 were given the fermentation liquor of Devosia sp ANSB714 by drinking water. DON-contaminated diet significantly decreased the average daily gain of growing-finishing pigs. Serum IgA content was significantly increased in DON treatment compared with that in CON. Besides, DON in diet also significantly reduced the activities of GSH-Px in the liver and serum of pigs. Supplementation of Devosia sp. ANSB714 in drinking water effectively prevented these adverse effects of DON on pigs. Moreover, the DON residues in the serum, liver and kidney were significantly decreased with the addition of Devosia sp. ANSB714 to diet contaminated with DON. Taken together, it is effective to feeding Devosia sp. ANSB714 to pigs fed with diet contaminated with DON and ameliorating DON toxicosis of pigs.

ACS Style

Xiaoying Li; Yongpeng Guo; Lihong Zhao; Yu Fan; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Qiugang Ma. Protective effects of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, immunity function, antioxidant capacity and tissue residues in growing-finishing pigs fed with deoxynivalenol contaminated diets. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2018, 121, 246 -251.

AMA Style

Xiaoying Li, Yongpeng Guo, Lihong Zhao, Yu Fan, Cheng Ji, Jianyun Zhang, Qiugang Ma. Protective effects of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, immunity function, antioxidant capacity and tissue residues in growing-finishing pigs fed with deoxynivalenol contaminated diets. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2018; 121 ():246-251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoying Li; Yongpeng Guo; Lihong Zhao; Yu Fan; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Qiugang Ma. 2018. "Protective effects of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, immunity function, antioxidant capacity and tissue residues in growing-finishing pigs fed with deoxynivalenol contaminated diets." Food and Chemical Toxicology 121, no. : 246-251.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2018 in The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
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Disequilibrium of the gut microbiota by dietary fat has been implicated in the incidence of overweight or obesity. However, it remains to be elucidated whether dietary fat perturbations in early life have long-lasting impacts on the gut microbiota and to what extent unbalanced diet-induced alterations in childhood are reversible. Accordingly, 3 groups of 1-day-old hens were used. They were fed with a low-fat diet (LFD), basal diet (BD), and high-fat diet (HFD), respectively, for 6 weeks, and then switched to the same normal diets (NDs) for another 19 weeks. At week 6, hens in the LFD and HFD groups were found to have higher body weight, plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than their counterparts in the BD group, whereas upon switching to NDs, the metabolic deteriorations observed during the LFD consumption were alleviated. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a shift of the gut microbiota structure in the LFD and HFD groups away from that of the BD group at week 6, while the gut microbiota structure of the LFD group was moved back to that of the BD group after reverting to NDs. Additionally, abnormal alterations of obesity-related phylotypes were observed in the LFD and HFD groups, whereas the abundance of these phylotypes in the LFD group were almost reverted to the BD levels over time. Collectively, dietary fat perturbations in early life have long-term impacts on hosts, and the structural resilience of the gut microbiota in hens fed with HFD was lower than that in their LFD counterparts.

ACS Style

Cong Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Meiling Li; Lihong Zhao; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Alterations and structural resilience of the gut microbiota under dietary fat perturbations. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2018, 61, 91 -100.

AMA Style

Cong Liu, Jianyun Zhang, Meiling Li, Lihong Zhao, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Alterations and structural resilience of the gut microbiota under dietary fat perturbations. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2018; 61 ():91-100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cong Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Meiling Li; Lihong Zhao; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2018. "Alterations and structural resilience of the gut microbiota under dietary fat perturbations." The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 61, no. : 91-100.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2018 in Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
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The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of mycotoxin biodegradation agent (MBA, composed of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G and Devosia sp. ANSB714) on relieving zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) toxicosis in immature gilts. A total of forty pre-pubertal female gilts (61.42 ± 1.18 kg) were randomly allocated to four diet treatments: CO (positive control); MO (negative control, ZEA 596.86 μg/kg feed and DON 796 μg/kg feed); COA (CO + 2 g MBA/kg feed); MOA (MO + 2 g MBA/kg feed). Each treatment contained 10 replicates with 1 gilt per replicate. Gilts were housed in an environmentally controlled room with the partially slatted floor. During the entire experimental period of 28 d, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of gilts in MO group was significantly reduced compared with those in CO group. The vulva size of gilts was significantly higher in MO group than CO group. In addition, significant increases in the plasma levels of IgA, IgG, IL-8, IL-10 and PRL were determined in MO group compared with that in CO group. ZEA and DON in the diet up-regulated apoptotic caspase-3 in ovaries and uteri, along with down-regulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in ovaries. The supplementation of MBA into diets co-contaminated with ZEA and DON significantly increased ADG, decreased the vulva sizes, reduced the levels of IgG, IL-8 and PRL in plasma, and regulated apoptosis in ovaries and uteri of gilts. The present results indicated that feeding diet contaminated with ZEA and DON simultaneously (596.86 μg/kg + 796 μg/kg) had detrimental effects on growth performance, plasma immune function and reproductive status of gilts. And MBA could reduce the negative impacts of these two toxins, believed as a promising feed additive for mitigating toxicosis of ZEA and DON at low levels in gilts.

ACS Style

Donghui Shi; Jianchuan Zhou; Lihong Zhao; Xiaoping Rong; Yu Fan; Humera Hamid; Wenqiang Li; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Alleviation of mycotoxin biodegradation agent on zearalenone and deoxynivalenol toxicosis in immature gilts. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018, 9, 42 .

AMA Style

Donghui Shi, Jianchuan Zhou, Lihong Zhao, Xiaoping Rong, Yu Fan, Humera Hamid, Wenqiang Li, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Alleviation of mycotoxin biodegradation agent on zearalenone and deoxynivalenol toxicosis in immature gilts. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 2018; 9 (1):42.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donghui Shi; Jianchuan Zhou; Lihong Zhao; Xiaoping Rong; Yu Fan; Humera Hamid; Wenqiang Li; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2018. "Alleviation of mycotoxin biodegradation agent on zearalenone and deoxynivalenol toxicosis in immature gilts." Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 9, no. 1: 42.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) elicits serious threats to public health due to its widespread occurrence, as well as its teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of AFB1 and assess the ameliorative efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on aflatoxicosis in Yellow River carp. A total of 750 juvenile Yellow River carp were allocated into five dietary treatments for 60 days. Diet C0 represented for the negative control, diet M0 containing about 50 μg AFB1/kg diet represented for the positive control, and diet M0.25, M0.5 and M1.0 was diet M0 supplemented with B. subtilis ANSB060 at a dose of 0.25 × 109, 0.5 × 109 and 1.0 × 109 CFU/kg diet, respectively. The results showed that supplementation of strain ANSB060 restored the reduced body weight and enhanced feed conversion ratio of carp induced by AFB1 towards normal. ANSB060 could also relieve the alterations in hepatic morphology, improve digestive enzyme activities of hepatopancreas and intestine, as well as decrease AFB1 residues in carp's hepatopancreas and gonad. It is concluded that ANSB060 has a protective effect in carp with aflatoxicosis, with a promising potential in feed industrial applications.

ACS Style

Yu Fan; Laiting Liu; Lihong Zhao; Xinping Wang; Dacai Wang; Churan Huang; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. Influence of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on growth, digestive enzyme and aflatoxin residue in Yellow River carp fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2018, 113, 108 -114.

AMA Style

Yu Fan, Laiting Liu, Lihong Zhao, Xinping Wang, Dacai Wang, Churan Huang, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma. Influence of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on growth, digestive enzyme and aflatoxin residue in Yellow River carp fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2018; 113 ():108-114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Fan; Laiting Liu; Lihong Zhao; Xinping Wang; Dacai Wang; Churan Huang; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Qiugang Ma. 2018. "Influence of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on growth, digestive enzyme and aflatoxin residue in Yellow River carp fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1." Food and Chemical Toxicology 113, no. : 108-114.

Article
Published: 09 February 2018 in Biological Trace Element Research
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The role of in ovo zinc (Zn) injection in improving the embryonic development in eggs from Zn-deficient hens, via epigenetic and antioxidant mechanisms, was examined. A completely randomized design involving a 1 (the non-injected control) + 1 (the injected control with sterilized water) + 2 (Zn source) × 2 (Zn level) factorial arrangement of treatments was used. The two injected Zn sources were inorganic Zn sulfate and organic Zn-lysine chelate with a moderate chelation strength, and the two injected Zn levels were 50 and 100 μg Zn/egg. In ovo Zn injection decreased (P < 0.05) embryonic mortality, and increased (P < 0.05) hatchability and healthy chick ratio. In ovo Zn injection increased (P < 0.05) embryonic tibia Zn content, but had no effect (P > 0.05) on copper (Cu)- and Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) activities and metallothionein IV (MT4) levels or their mRNA expression levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the embryonic liver. In ovo Zn injection had no effect (P > 0.05) on the global level of DNA methylation or DNA methylation and histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation levels of the MT4 promoter in the embryonic liver. However, the organic Zn had higher (P < 0.05) levels of DNA methylation and H3K9 acetylation than inorganic Zn. These data demonstrate that in ovo Zn injection improved the embryonic development, and the organic Zn was more effective than inorganic Zn in enhancing DNA methylation and H3K9 acetylation in the liver MT4 promoter, but the precise mechanisms require further investigations.

ACS Style

XiaoMing Sun; Lin Lu; Xiudong Liao; Liyang Zhang; Xi Lin; Xugang Luo; Qiugang Ma. Effect of In Ovo Zinc Injection on the Embryonic Development and Epigenetics-Related Indices of Zinc-Deprived Broiler Breeder Eggs. Biological Trace Element Research 2018, 185, 456 -464.

AMA Style

XiaoMing Sun, Lin Lu, Xiudong Liao, Liyang Zhang, Xi Lin, Xugang Luo, Qiugang Ma. Effect of In Ovo Zinc Injection on the Embryonic Development and Epigenetics-Related Indices of Zinc-Deprived Broiler Breeder Eggs. Biological Trace Element Research. 2018; 185 (2):456-464.

Chicago/Turabian Style

XiaoMing Sun; Lin Lu; Xiudong Liao; Liyang Zhang; Xi Lin; Xugang Luo; Qiugang Ma. 2018. "Effect of In Ovo Zinc Injection on the Embryonic Development and Epigenetics-Related Indices of Zinc-Deprived Broiler Breeder Eggs." Biological Trace Element Research 185, no. 2: 456-464.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2016 in Toxins
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Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 isolated from fish gut is very effective in detoxifying aflatoxins in feed and feed ingredients. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of B. subtilis ANSB060 on growth performance, body antioxidant functions, and aflatoxin residues in ducks fed moldy maize naturally contaminated with aflatoxins. A total of 1500 18-d-old male Cherry Valley ducks with similar body weight were randomly assigned to five treatments with six replicates of 50 ducks per repeat. The experiment design consisted of five dietary treatments labeled as C0 (basal diet containing 60% normal maize), M0 (basal diet containing 60% moldy maize contaminated with aflatoxins substituted for normal maize), M500, M1000, and M2000 (M0 +500, 1000 or 2000 g/t aflatoxin biodegradation preparation mainly consisted of B. subtilis ANSB060). The results showed that ducks fed 22.44 ± 2.46 μg/kg of AFB₁ (M0) exhibited a decreasing tendency in average daily gain (ADG) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in serum, and T-SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the liver significantly decreased along with the appearance of AFB₁ and AFM₁ compared with those in Group C0. The supplementation of B. subtilis ANSB060 into aflatoxin-contaminated diets increased the ADG of ducks (p > 0.05), significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced aflatoxin accumulation in duck liver. In conclusion, Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 in diets showed an ameliorating effect to duck aflatoxicosis and may be a promising feed additive.

ACS Style

Liyuan Zhang; Qiugang Ma; Shanshan Ma; Jianyun Zhang; Ru Jia; Cheng Ji; Lihong Zhao. Ameliorating Effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Functions, and Aflatoxin Residues in Ducks Fed Diets Contaminated with Aflatoxins. Toxins 2016, 9, 1 .

AMA Style

Liyuan Zhang, Qiugang Ma, Shanshan Ma, Jianyun Zhang, Ru Jia, Cheng Ji, Lihong Zhao. Ameliorating Effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Functions, and Aflatoxin Residues in Ducks Fed Diets Contaminated with Aflatoxins. Toxins. 2016; 9 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liyuan Zhang; Qiugang Ma; Shanshan Ma; Jianyun Zhang; Ru Jia; Cheng Ji; Lihong Zhao. 2016. "Ameliorating Effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Functions, and Aflatoxin Residues in Ducks Fed Diets Contaminated with Aflatoxins." Toxins 9, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2016 in Toxins
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This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and evaluate the effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum (SSGL) in relieving aflatoxicosis in broilers. A total of 300 one-day-old male Arbor Acre broiler chickens were randomly divided into four dietary treatments; the treatment diets were: Control (a basal diet containing normal peanut meal); AFB1 (the basal diet containing AFB1-contaminated peanut meal); SSGL (basal diet with 200 mg/kg of SSGL); AFB1+SSGL (supplementation of 200 mg/kg of SSGL in AFB1 diet). The contents of AFB1 in AFB1 and AFB1+SSGL diets were 25.0 μg/kg in the starter period and 22.5 μg/kg in the finisher period. The results showed that diet contaminated with a low level of AFB1 significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the average daily feed intake and average daily gain during the entire experiment and reduced (p < 0.05) serum contents of total protein IgA and IgG. Furthermore, a dietary low level of AFB1 not only increased (p < 0.05) levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation, but also decreased (p < 0.05) total antioxidant capability, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and hydroxyl radical scavenger activity in the liver and spleen of broilers. Moreover, the addition of SSGL to AFB1-contaminated diet counteracted these negative effects, indicating that SSGL has a protective effect against aflatoxicosis.

ACS Style

Tao Liu; Qiugang Ma; Lihong Zhao; Ru Jia; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Xinyue Wang. Protective Effects of Sporoderm-Broken Spores of Ganderma lucidum on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Level of Aflatoxin B1. Toxins 2016, 8, 278 .

AMA Style

Tao Liu, Qiugang Ma, Lihong Zhao, Ru Jia, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Xinyue Wang. Protective Effects of Sporoderm-Broken Spores of Ganderma lucidum on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Level of Aflatoxin B1. Toxins. 2016; 8 (10):278.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Liu; Qiugang Ma; Lihong Zhao; Ru Jia; Jianyun Zhang; Cheng Ji; Xinyue Wang. 2016. "Protective Effects of Sporoderm-Broken Spores of Ganderma lucidum on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Level of Aflatoxin B1." Toxins 8, no. 10: 278.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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The toxic effect of aflatoxins (AF) and zearalenone (ZEA) and their combination on laying performance, egg quality and toxins residues in eggs, as well as the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis biodegradation product (BDP) for ameliorating these effects in layers were evaluated. Layers were submitted to a two phase experiment. The first phase was an intoxication period (18-23 wk) with birds fed 7 (3 × 2 + 1) diets (3 treatments with mycotoxins: AF (123.0 μg/kg), ZEA (260.2 μg/kg), or AF + ZEA (123.0 + 260.2 μg/kg); 2 treatments with or without BDP (1000 g/t); and a control group contained no toxins nor BDP). The next phase was a recovery period (24-29 wk) in which birds were fed a toxin-free diet. In the intoxication period, AF and AF + ZEA groups exhibited lower egg production, feed intake and shell thickness, and higher AFB1, AFB2 and AFM1 residues as compared with the control group. In addition, AF and ZEA exerted synergistic effects on egg production and feed intake. Moreover, AF alone or combined with ZEA had a continuous toxic effect on laying performance in the recovery phase. Addition of BDP offset these negative effects, showing that BDP has a protective effect on layers fed contaminated diets.

ACS Style

Ru Jia; Qiugang Ma; Yu Fan; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Tao Liu; Lihong Zhao. The toxic effects of combined aflatoxins and zearalenone in naturally contaminated diets on laying performance, egg quality and mycotoxins residues in eggs of layers and the protective effect of Bacillus subtilis biodegradation product. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2016, 90, 142 -150.

AMA Style

Ru Jia, Qiugang Ma, Yu Fan, Cheng Ji, Jianyun Zhang, Tao Liu, Lihong Zhao. The toxic effects of combined aflatoxins and zearalenone in naturally contaminated diets on laying performance, egg quality and mycotoxins residues in eggs of layers and the protective effect of Bacillus subtilis biodegradation product. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2016; 90 ():142-150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ru Jia; Qiugang Ma; Yu Fan; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang; Tao Liu; Lihong Zhao. 2016. "The toxic effects of combined aflatoxins and zearalenone in naturally contaminated diets on laying performance, egg quality and mycotoxins residues in eggs of layers and the protective effect of Bacillus subtilis biodegradation product." Food and Chemical Toxicology 90, no. : 142-150.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2016 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) and the ameliorating efficacy of Devosia sp. ANSB714 for the negative effects of DON on mice. In the experiment, 80 mice were randomly divided into 4 treatments: non-toxin control, toxin, non-toxin control + ANSB714 and toxin + ANSB714. During 28 days, the mice in treatment with 4.70 mg/kg DON only had significantly lower average daily gain as compared those with non-toxin control treatment (P < 0.05). Serum blood urea nitrogen, tumour necrosis factor-α and the residues of DON in kidneys in mice received the toxin diet were obviously higher than those with non-toxin control (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between ANSB714 treatments and non-ANSB714 treatments on above parameters of mice. Adding ANSB714 to toxic diets could normalize deviant physiological effects of DON on mice.

ACS Style

Lihong Zhao; Xiaoying Li; Cheng Ji; Xiaoping Rong; Shujing Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Qiugang Ma. Protective effect of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, serum chemistry, immunity function and residues in kidneys of mice exposed to deoxynivalenol. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2016, 92, 143 -149.

AMA Style

Lihong Zhao, Xiaoying Li, Cheng Ji, Xiaoping Rong, Shujing Liu, Jianyun Zhang, Qiugang Ma. Protective effect of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, serum chemistry, immunity function and residues in kidneys of mice exposed to deoxynivalenol. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2016; 92 ():143-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lihong Zhao; Xiaoying Li; Cheng Ji; Xiaoping Rong; Shujing Liu; Jianyun Zhang; Qiugang Ma. 2016. "Protective effect of Devosia sp. ANSB714 on growth performance, serum chemistry, immunity function and residues in kidneys of mice exposed to deoxynivalenol." Food and Chemical Toxicology 92, no. : 143-149.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2015 in Toxins
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Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) was evaluated in this study for its molecular mechanisms against liver oxidative damage and inflammatory responses induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Birds were randomly allocated into four groups with different diets for three weeks: a basal diet, a 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a basal diet, a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1, and 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1. In the AFB1 group, the expression of GSH-PX mRNA was down-regulated (p < 0.05), and the levels of lipid peroxide and nitric oxide were increased (p < 0.05) in the chicken livers compared to those of the control group. Additionally, the mRNA level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-6 was up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05), the protein expressions of both the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and the inducible nitric oxide synthase were enhanced significantly (p < 0.05) in the AFB1 group. All of these negative effects were inhibited by α-LA. These results indicate that α-LA may be effective in preventing hepatic oxidative stress, down-regulating the expression of hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as inhibiting NF-κB expression.

ACS Style

Marc Maresca; Yan Li; Yu Fan; Lihong Zhao; Hua Wei; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang. Molecular Mechanisms of Lipoic Acid Protection against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Responses in Broilers. Toxins 2015, 7, 5435 -5447.

AMA Style

Marc Maresca, Yan Li, Yu Fan, Lihong Zhao, Hua Wei, Cheng Ji, Jianyun Zhang. Molecular Mechanisms of Lipoic Acid Protection against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Responses in Broilers. Toxins. 2015; 7 (12):5435-5447.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marc Maresca; Yan Li; Yu Fan; Lihong Zhao; Hua Wei; Cheng Ji; Jianyun Zhang. 2015. "Molecular Mechanisms of Lipoic Acid Protection against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Responses in Broilers." Toxins 7, no. 12: 5435-5447.