An epoxy resin modified with polysulfone (PSU) and active diluent furfuryl glycidyl ether (FGE) was studied. Triethanolaminotitanate (TEAT) and iso-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (iso-MTHPA) were used as curing agents. It is shown that during the curing of initially homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous structures are formed. The type of these structures depends on the concentration of active diluent and the type of hardener. The physico-mechanical properties of the hybrid matrices are determined by the structure formed. The maximum resistance to a growing crack is provided by structures with a thermoplastic-enriched matrix-interpenetrating structures. The main mechanism for increasing the energy of crack propagation is associated with the implementation of microplasticity of extended phases enriched in polysulfone and their involvement in the fracture process.

Controlling traps and structural defects in perovskite absorber layers is crucial for enhancing both the device efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here we demonstrate the modification of perovskite films by introducing low-cost green polymers, polysuccinimide (PSI) and polyasparagine (PASP), into the perovskite layer. Structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties of polymer-modified perovskite films were probed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The incorporation of PSI triggers interactions between the polymer and perovskite, leading to the passivation of surface defects at the grain boundaries and improved morphology of perovskite films. This defect passivation boosted PSC performance, providing power conversion efficiency (PCE) values up to 20.1%. An optimal polymer concentration of 0.1 mg/mL in the perovskite precursor solution was identified for an improvement in the photovoltaic performance. It was shown that the primary factor leading to the observed enhancement in the power conversion efficiency for PSI-modified PSCs is the increase in the lifetime of charge carriers due to the efficient passivation of surface defects and suppression of recombination losses. Additionally, PSI-modified PSCs demonstrated enhanced stability, retaining over 80% of their initial efficiency after 40 days of storage under ambient conditions without encapsulation. The obtained results highlight the effectiveness of green polymer additives in passivating surface defects in perovskite films and provide a viable approach for improving the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells.

The kinetics of the reaction of ozone with titanium dioxide is studied. The structure and optical characteristics of nanostructured thin layers of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) treated with an ozone-oxygen mixture with various ozone concentrations were studied by optical and infrared spectroscopy. It was shown that ozone treatment increases the adsorption of ruthenium dye (N719) in the bulk of the TiO₂ layer nano-structured. Ozone-treated TiO₂ layers were used as photoelectrodes for the design of sensitized solar cells (SCs). A study of the photovoltaic parameters of sensitized SCs under standard illumination (spectrum AM1.5G, illumination level 1000 W/m²) shows that modification of TiO₂ with ozone leads to an increase in the solar power conversion efficiency from 7.5 to 8.2%.

Nanopowders of complex oxides with the double perovskite structure La₂Ni_{1 – x}Fe_xMnO₆ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4) were synthesized using the glycine-nitrate combustion method. Thin nanostructured layers based on the obtained materials were fabricated and studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis optical spectroscopy. It was shown that introduction of Fe³⁺ ions into the La₂NiMnO₆ crystal structure at low concentration (x = 0.2) leads to an increase in the band gap value. To determine the photosensitivity of La₂Ni_{1 – x}Fe_xMnO₆ thin layers, Schottky diodes based on them were fabricated and their photovoltaic characteristics were studied in the dark and under standard AM1.5G illumination conditions. It has been found that cation doping with Fe³⁺ ions at low concentration increases the photosensitivity of La₂NiMnO₆ thin layer by ~7%. The presented results provide new possibilities for application of inorganic perovskite materials in solar photovoltaics.

The work is aimed at studying the impact resistance of epoxy oligomer matrices (EO) modified with polysulfone (PSU) or polyethersulfone (PES) and glass fibers reinforced plastics (GFRP) based on them under low-velocity impact conditions. The concentration dependences of strength and fracture energy of modified matrices and GFRP were determined. It has been determined that the type of concentration curves of the fracture energy of GFRP depends on the concentration and type of the modifying polymer. It is shown that strength σ and fracture energy E_M of thermoplastic-modified epoxy matrices change little in the concentration range from 0 to 15 wt.%. However, even with the introduction of 20 wt.% PSU into EO, the strength increases from 164 MPa to 200 MPa, and the fracture energy from 32 kJ/m² to 39 kJ/m². The effect of increasing the strength and fracture energy of modified matrices is retained in GFRP. The maximum increase in shear strength (from 72 MPa to 87 MPa) is observed for GFRP based on the EO + 15 wt.% PSU matrix. For GFRP based on EO + 20 wt.% PES, the shear strength is reduced to 69 MPa. The opposite effect is observed for the EO + 20 wt.% PES matrix, where the strength value decreases from 164 MPa to 75 MPa, and the energy decreases from 32 kJ/m² to 10 kJ/m². The reference value for the fracture energy of GFRP 615 is 741 kJ/m². The maximum fracture energy for GFRP is based on EO + 20 wt.% PSU increases to 832 kJ/m² for GFRP based on EO + 20 wt.% PES—up to 950 kJ/m². The study of the morphology of the fracture surfaces of matrices and GFRP confirmed the dependence of impact characteristics on the microstructure of the modified matrices and the degree of involvement in the process of crack formation. The greatest effect is achieved for matrices with a phase structure “thermoplastic matrix-epoxy dispersion.” Correlations between the fracture energy and strength of EO + PES matrices and GFRP have been established.