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This study aimed to estimate pollutant unit loads for different landuses and pollutants that reflected long-term runoff characteristics of nonpoint source (NPS) pollutants and recent environmental changes. During 2008–2014, 2026 rainfall events were monitored. The average values of antecedent dry days, total rainfall, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, runoff duration, and runoff coefficient for each landuse were 3.8–5.9 d, 35.2–65.0 mm, 2.9–4.1 mm/h, 12.5–20.4 h, 12.4–27.9 h, and 0.24–0.45, respectively. Uplands (UL) exhibited high suspended solids (SS, 606.2 mg/L), total nitrogen (TN, 7.38 mg/L), and total phosphorous (TP, 2.27 mg/L) levels, whereas the runoff coefficient was high in the building sites (BS), with a high impervious surface ratio. The event mean concentration (EMC) for biological oxygen demand (BOD) was the highest in BS (8.0 mg/L), while the EMC was the highest in BS (in the rainfall range 50 mm). The unit loads for BOD (1.49–17.76 kg/km2·d), TN (1.462–10.147 kg/km2·d), TP (0.094–1.435 kg/km2·d), and SS (15.20–327.70 kg/km2·d) were calculated. The findings can be used to manage NPS pollutants and watershed environments and implement relevant associated management systems.
Jiyeon Choi; Baekyung Park; Jinsun Kim; Soyoung Lee; Jichul Ryu; Kyunghyun Kim; Yongseok Kim. Determination of NPS Pollutant Unit Loads from Different Landuses. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7193 .
AMA StyleJiyeon Choi, Baekyung Park, Jinsun Kim, Soyoung Lee, Jichul Ryu, Kyunghyun Kim, Yongseok Kim. Determination of NPS Pollutant Unit Loads from Different Landuses. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiyeon Choi; Baekyung Park; Jinsun Kim; Soyoung Lee; Jichul Ryu; Kyunghyun Kim; Yongseok Kim. 2021. "Determination of NPS Pollutant Unit Loads from Different Landuses." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7193.
The nitrogen changes and the nitrogen mass balance in a free water surface flow constructed wetland (CW) using the four-year monitoring data from 2008 to 2012 were estimated. The CW was composed of six cells in series that include the first settling basin (Cell 1), aeration pond (Cell 2), deep marsh (Cell 3), shallow marsh (Cell 4), deep marsh (Cell 5) and final settling basin (Cell 6). Analysis revealed that the NH+4-N concentration decreased because of ammonification which was then followed by nitrification. The NO−2-N and NO−2-N were also further reduced by means of microbial activities and plant uptake during photosynthesis. The average nitrogen concentration at the influent was 37,819 kg/year and approximately 45% of that amount exited the CW in the effluent. The denitrification amounted to 34% of the net nitrogen input, whereas the accretion of sediment was only 7%. The biomass uptake of plants was able to retain only 1% of total nitrogen load. In order to improve the nutrient removal by plant uptake, plant coverage in four cells (i.e., Cells 1, 3, 4 and 5) could be increased.
Soyoung Lee; Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas; Jiyeon Choi; Lee-Hyung Kim. Nitrogen mass balance in a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014, 26, 1260 -1266.
AMA StyleSoyoung Lee, Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas, Jiyeon Choi, Lee-Hyung Kim. Nitrogen mass balance in a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2014; 26 (6):1260-1266.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoyoung Lee; Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas; Jiyeon Choi; Lee-Hyung Kim. 2014. "Nitrogen mass balance in a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent." Journal of Environmental Sciences 26, no. 6: 1260-1266.