The establishment of green villages has been a key initiative of the Citarum Harum program since 2015 in order to address pollution in the Citarum watershed, particularly in the Cirasea sub-watershed. This program’s success depends largely on community involvement in planning and implementation. Thie aim of this study was to identify the extent of community participation in developing environmentally conscious hamlets in Cirasea. Using a mixed-methods approach—quantitative surveys followed by qualitative interviews and observations—data were collected from 10 villages. The findings show varying participation levels, influenced by socioeconomic conditions, program characteristics, environmental issues, and institutional support. Community involvement was assessed across the planning, implementation, benefit-taking, and evaluation stages. Participation was very extensive in decision-making and implementation, as well as in evaluation, but it was less satisfactory in benefit-taking. This research underscores the critical role of inclusive community engagement in ensuring the success and sustainability of environmental development programs.

The Citarum watershed is the longest in West Java Province. It is used as a source of raw water for drinking water, irrigation water for hundreds of thousands of hectares of rice fields, fisheries, industrial raw water, and hydroelectric power plants. The high population and industry growth at the outskirts of the Citarum watershed, which is not accompanied by good waste management, also results in high pollution in the Citarum watershed. Various efforts to handle the issue have been carried out since 1989 until the present; however, this problem still needs to be solved. One of the approaches to overcome environmental pollution that has been conducted is to develop an environmentally-cultured village. This study aims to determine the sustainability level of environmentally-cultured villages in the Upper Citarum watershed viewed from ecological, economic, social, and cultural dimensions using a multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach with the Rapid Appraisal Technique for Ecovillage (RAPVIL) software (version 1.0). The result shows that the multidimensional sustainability of ecovillage development in the Upper Citarum watershed, West Java Province is “fairly sustainable” for the cultural dimension and “poorly sustainable” for the ecological, social, and economic dimensions. This result shows that ecovillage development still requires support from various stakeholders to improve its sustainability status. The cultural dimension has the highest value due to the local cultural values, including a value system, traditions, languages, norms, and customs that have grown in the community. Meanwhile, the social dimension has the lowest sustainability value, influenced by the low level of community participation in ecovillage development.

This study was conducted at three kinds of purchase location which were traditional market, rice kiosk, and supermarket in Bandung City, with survey data of 108 respondents which were selected by systematic random sampling. The aim of this study is to (1) identify consumer characteristics, (2) identify which atribute is considered by consumer in buying rice, and (3) analyze the relationship between purchase decision and income class. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and Chi Square test. The results showed most consumers in the traditional market were middle-educated and lower middle-income, at the rice kiosk, the consumer were generally middle-educated and middle-income, and in the supermarkets, the majority were high-educated and upper middle-income consumers. "Kepulenan" be the first priority of most consumers, but for the lower-middle class, the main priority was price. Thus, in case of scarcity and rice price increase, the government should immediately arrange market operations which targeting to lower-middle class consumers. There was a significant relationship between (1) the quality of rice consumed, (2) the frequency of rice purchase per month, and (3) attitudes toward rice price increase; each with the income class. Although the price of rice increase, consumers of middle and upper-middle were remain loyal to the quality of rice they consumed. This indicates rice market in Bandung city is an ideal market for premium rice so that traders and producers are expected to maintain the quality of rice, such as keep using superior seeds and applying good cultivation based on Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) rules.

Potatoes are a crop that thrives in highland areas, and Bandung Regency is one of the major potato production centers in West Java. This production center is located in an environmentally focused village development area within the Cisangkuy Sub-Watershed of Bandung Regency. The purpose of this study is to identify risks arising from various risk sources and to formulate risk control strategies for potato production in this region. The method used is the house of risk (HOR) method. In farming activities, farmers must comply with environmental regulations. However, many farmers are still unaware of the importance of environmental sustainability, particularly in their use of chemicals. To actively engage in environmental management efforts, it is crucial to understand the characteristics of potato farmers in Bandung Regency, especially those located in the development area of environmentally focused villages within the Cisangkuy Sub-Watershed. The results of this study identified 33 risk events. The risk event with the highest impact is waterlogged plants (E10), with an impact value of 8.9. Based on the Pareto diagram, 16 priority risk sources need to be addressed. The most significant risk source identified is the use of uncertified seeds (A29). To mitigate risks in potato production, 21 preventive actions (PAs) have been proposed. One of the most effective strategies is for farmers to purchase seed potatoes directly from Balitsa (PA1), with an effectiveness ratio (ETD) of 4372. Another recommended strategy is to purchase certified seeds from other breeders (PA2). These strategies are prioritized to reduce the risks faced by potato farmers.

Development of agricultural sector eternally involved the problem of uncertainty of the results and a considerable risk. The development of agro-tourism in Cirebon Regency will directly develop mango agribusiness. Increased interest in tourism creates opportunities for agricultural tourism development (agro-tourism). Mango demand is very high, making opportunities as well as challenges for mango farmers in Cirebon Regency. This study aims to consider risks in mango agribusiness, risk assessment and mitigation of mango agribusiness in the development of agro-tourism area in Cirebon Regency. Data collection was through observation, interview, documentation, and questionnaire. The method used is Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The method of FMEA identified risks that are classified into four categories: input risk, operational risk, environmental risk and financial risk. This type of research uses a qualitative approach, with primary and secondary data. The respondents were taken by purposive sampling. The research shows that the highest risk faced by actors in mango agribusiness in Cirebon Regency based on the highest risk of Risk Priority Number (RPN) and Risk Score Value (RSV) are pest and plant disease, uncertain weather, low productivity of farmers, high price of agro-input, excessive use of pesticides, and less skilled labor. Mitigation actions that can be done in reducing the effects of the risks are as follows: improving knowledge and training on Good Agriculture Practices (GAP), Good Handling Practices (GHP), Improving the role of government through extension agent, increasing knowledge of food safety, the creation of technology in agriculture from inputs, cultivation techniques, postharvest and marketing.

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