This study was conducted at three kinds of purchase location which were traditional market, rice kiosk, and supermarket in Bandung City, with survey data of 108 respondents which were selected by systematic random sampling. The aim of this study is to (1) identify consumer characteristics, (2) identify which atribute is considered by consumer in buying rice, and (3) analyze the relationship between purchase decision and income class. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and Chi Square test. The results showed most consumers in the traditional market were middle-educated and lower middle-income, at the rice kiosk, the consumer were generally middle-educated and middle-income, and in the supermarkets, the majority were high-educated and upper middle-income consumers. "Kepulenan" be the first priority of most consumers, but for the lower-middle class, the main priority was price. Thus, in case of scarcity and rice price increase, the government should immediately arrange market operations which targeting to lower-middle class consumers. There was a significant relationship between (1) the quality of rice consumed, (2) the frequency of rice purchase per month, and (3) attitudes toward rice price increase; each with the income class. Although the price of rice increase, consumers of middle and upper-middle were remain loyal to the quality of rice they consumed. This indicates rice market in Bandung city is an ideal market for premium rice so that traders and producers are expected to maintain the quality of rice, such as keep using superior seeds and applying good cultivation based on Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) rules.

Development of agricultural sector eternally involved the problem of uncertainty of the results and a considerable risk. The development of agro-tourism in Cirebon Regency will directly develop mango agribusiness. Increased interest in tourism creates opportunities for agricultural tourism development (agro-tourism). Mango demand is very high, making opportunities as well as challenges for mango farmers in Cirebon Regency. This study aims to consider risks in mango agribusiness, risk assessment and mitigation of mango agribusiness in the development of agro-tourism area in Cirebon Regency. Data collection was through observation, interview, documentation, and questionnaire. The method used is Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The method of FMEA identified risks that are classified into four categories: input risk, operational risk, environmental risk and financial risk. This type of research uses a qualitative approach, with primary and secondary data. The respondents were taken by purposive sampling. The research shows that the highest risk faced by actors in mango agribusiness in Cirebon Regency based on the highest risk of Risk Priority Number (RPN) and Risk Score Value (RSV) are pest and plant disease, uncertain weather, low productivity of farmers, high price of agro-input, excessive use of pesticides, and less skilled labor. Mitigation actions that can be done in reducing the effects of the risks are as follows: improving knowledge and training on Good Agriculture Practices (GAP), Good Handling Practices (GHP), Improving the role of government through extension agent, increasing knowledge of food safety, the creation of technology in agriculture from inputs, cultivation techniques, postharvest and marketing.

Economic globalization encourages coffee farmers to prepare themselves to adapt and compete. In dealing with this issue, Margamulya Coffee Farmer Group has transformed into a cooperative under the name of the Margamulya Coffee Producers Cooperative (MCPC). MCPC sold 80% of its coffee production to PT Taman Delta Indonesia (PT TDI) and was committed to its permanent supplier. In fulfilling its role as coffee suppliers, farmers were faced with a lot of capital needs to produce quality coffee. MCPC needs capital to pay farmers cherry as well as processing and marketing costs. This study aims to describe the coffee value chain in MCPC, to identify the perpetrators and their business processes, and to design financing pattern suitable for farmers and MCPC. The method used was case study at MCPC using value stream mapping technique. The results show that there are two value chains in coffee agribusiness in MCPC while the actors in the chain consist of Farmer-Cooperative-Exporter and Farmers-Cooperatives-Retail (café/others). The business process in farmers remained in coffee producing, while the cooperatives focused on processing and marketing. The result of this study shows that the proposed financing model of value chain financing for its success requires the involvement of stakeholders from outside the supply chain. Value chain financing for structured markets gives more guarantee of business sustainability due to market certainty and price. This encourages farmers to maintain both the quantity and quality of their coffee products.

CV Salama Nusantara is a company that produces mahkota dewa tea using main ingredients such as dried mahkota dewa, green tea, and parasite of tea. The quantity of mahkota dewa tea raw material purchased in 2022 has fluctuated due to supply chain problems from suppliers and unstable market demand conditions due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The disruption in the supply chain has caused risks to the supply chain activities, resulting in a slight delay in the production of mahkota dewa tea this year. This study aims to identify the risks that occur in the supply chain activities and obtain mitigation to handle priority risks in the supply chain activities of mahkota dewa tea in CV Salama Nusantara.. The design applied in this research is quantitative with case study research techniques. Based on the research results, there are 31 risk events and 15 risk agents in the mahkota dewa tea supply chain at CV Salama Nusantara. There are six priority risk agents, namely scarcity or disruption of raw material supply, dependence on only one supplier, human error, distant supplier location, main or supporting raw materials unavailable, and disruptions during transportation. Furthermore, risk mitigation that needs to be done by CV Salama Nusantara includes creating contracts with suppliers, managing raw material inventory, planning safety stock of raw materials, searching for new suppliers, planning transportation modes for raw material delivery, distributing job descriptions to employees, evaluating supplier performance, improve SOP, arranging production areas, and making agreements with shipping service providers regarding product delivery quality assurance.