A grid-tied inverter needs excellent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) topology to extract the maximum energy from PV panels regarding energy creation. An efficient MPPT ensures that grid codes are met, maintains power quality and system reliability, minimizes power losses, and suppresses rapid response to power fluctuations due to solar irradiance. Moreover, appropriate MPPT enhances economic returns by increasing energy royalties and ensures high power quality with reduced harmonic distortion. For these reasons, an improved hybrid MPPT technique for a grid-tied solar system is presented based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO-PSO) to achieve these objectives. The proposed method is tested under MATLAB/Simulink 2024a for a 100 kW PV array connected with a boost converter to link with a voltage source converter (VSC). The simulation results show that the proposed GWO-PSO can reduce the overshoot on rise time along with settling time, meaning less time is wasted within the grid power system. Moreover, the suggested method is compared with PSO, GWO, and horse herd optimization (HHO) under different weather conditions. The results show that the other algorithms respond more slowly and exhibit higher overshoot, which can be counterproductive. These comparisons validate the proposed method as more accurate, demonstrating that it can enhance the real power quality that is transferred to the grid.

This article represents a novel study of the design and analysis of a wind turbine system that includes a line-side permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with an ultra-step-up DC-DC converter for voltage regulation. Integrating renewable energy sources such as wind power into the grid requires efficient and reliable power conversion systems to handle fluctuating power and ensure a stable power supply. The wind turbine system utilizes a PMSG, which offers several advantages over traditional induction generators, including higher efficiency, reduced maintenance, and better power quality. The line-side configuration allows for increased control and flexibility, allowing the system to respond dynamically to grid conditions. This wind turbine system involves the integration of a grid-side PMSG-fed DC-DC converter between the PMSG and the grid. The converter enables a seamless flow of electricity between the wind turbine and the grid. By actively controlling the intermediate circuit voltage, the converter efficiently regulates the output voltage of the wind turbine and thus enables constant power generation regardless of fluctuating wind speeds. The simulation outcomes illustrate the efficacy of the proposed system in achieving voltage regulation and seamless integration with the grid. Performance is evaluated under various operating conditions and compared to conventional wind turbines.

With the rapid increment of power outages related to extreme natural disasters such as wildfires and severe storms, microgrids have the potential to enhance resilience locally. Traditionally, grid-connected microgrids are investigated from an economic perspective only, without focusing on resilience solutions benefits during grid interruptions. Hence, the presented work proposes a technical and economic evaluation of an airport grid-connected microgrid consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV), energy storage system, and diesel generator to enhance airport power resilience under different power interruption scenarios. A modified mixed-integer linear programming scheme was introduced to minimize the total annual operating cost of the proposed resilient system. The optimal resilient microgrid components sizing and dispatching were investigated with and without a monetary assigned value for resilience as a service. Moreover, the microgrid survivability during solar performance change was investigated. The possible load increment from electric ground support equipment deployment was considered. The results show that the proposed microgrid can achieve an annual operational cost reduction while ensuring a continuous power supply for all considered outage scenarios. The operational cost saving varies between 20% and 22%. The duration of the outage and critical load level have a higher impact on microgrid sizing and dispatching.

The recent advancements in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology have expanded its ap-plications, including electric vehicle (EV) charging. However, the requirement for precise control of lithium batteries necessitates operation in constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) modes. Traditional approaches to achieve CC/CV mode often rely on additional communication techniques or numerous passive elements. This paper introduces a simplified WPT system for EV charging that ensures CC and CV outputs without the need for communication or a back-end converter. Utilizing a reconfigurable LCC-S compensation topology, the system maintains high efficiency through the soft switching of inverters. The design employs fixed resonant frequencies to achieve CC and CV outputs under zero-phase angle conditions and incorporates tuning method for zero voltage switching to minimize switching losses. The system designed using a single relay to switch between SS (series–series) topology during CC mode and LCC-S(inductor–capacitor–capacitor-series) topology during CV mode, thereby eliminating frequency variation and reducing passive components. Primary-side measurements manage secondary-side voltage and mode control via parameter estimation method, ensuring voltage gain stability despite changes in magnetic coupling. Experimental validation on a 3.3 kW test prototype demonstrates a maximum power transfer efficiency of 92.5%, maintaining stable CC and CV outputs.

Electric vehicle (EV) drivers aim to charge their vehicles cost-effectively and with minimal charging time. Meanwhile, the ever-increasing number of EVs without charging control strategies could result in a massive surge in peak demand, potentially overloading distribution equipment and violating voltage constraints. To tackle this challenge, this paper introduces a transactive energy market (TEM) framework for an EV parking lot (EVPL) equipped with photovoltaic (PV) panels and battery systems (BSs), considering the preferences of both EV drivers and the EVPL operator. In this framework, EVs parked in the EVPL participate in the TEM by submitting their charging flexibility through response curves, which indicate the compensation required for different values of flexibility. Furthermore, the proposed model allows the EVPL operator to utilize the flexibility of EVs in the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) program by incentivizing EV drivers, considering their preferences and the degradation cost of EV batteries. The study employs the stochastic programming method to model uncertainties in PV output, electricity prices, and EV availability. It also incorporates BS degradation costs and carbon emissions constraints into the EVPL scheduling problem. Linearization techniques are then applied to transform the non-linear optimization problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. Finally, applying the model to a case study validates its superiority in satisfying the preferences of both EV drivers and EVPL.