The publication presents the results of a field test of 2–4 min releases of 96% LNG from a road tanker designed to carry the gas. The release was performed at a pressure of 5.9–6.1 atm at a discharge rate of 1.67–1.78 kg/s from a height of 0.75 m under class B conditions of atmospheric stability. Comparison of the obtained experimental results of the maximum concentrations and the simulation carried out with the EFFECS (11.2.0) software showed that the Gaussian gas model better describes the gas cloud propagation at most control points at this release intensity than the dense gas model. The dense gas model gave only slightly better results along the cloud propagation axis at close distances, not exceeding 25/30 m at ground level. It is shown that concentrations between 71% and 110% LEL are observed at the cloud visibility limit. The maximum value of the temperature drop, in the release axis, at a distance of 4 m amounts to ∆T_max = 93.3 °C. This indicates that the cloud of the released LNG is almost entirely in the vapour state already in the short distance from the point of release, due to the turbulent outflow of the pressurised gas.

The effect of the work of currently designed vibration dampers is the implication of the structural solution and the materials used for the cooperating elements. A desirable solution in the construction of machines would be a silencer with a constant, temperature-independent level of energy dissipation. An evaluation of the work of silencers preventing the occurrence of Shimmy self-excited vibrations was carried out, indicating the parameters determining the achievement of the target.

Fire protection of historic buildings is an important but also difficult technical and organizational issue. The greatest and most significant challenge is to prevent the development of fire, especially to a size resulting in serious and irreversible damage. The article presents selected aspects of the use of firefighting equipment and agents, focusing on their potential negative impact on protected facilities. The entire range of response options and actions to prevent the development of a fire, from the phase of its detection to the intervention of professional emergency services, is analyzed. In conclusion, it was found that the most important thing is to quickly detect a fire and, depending on local conditions, create the possibility of automatic firefighting systems or fire department intervention.

Determining the extinguishing effectiveness of extinguishing agents against solid fires is difficult. This is mainly due to the large variety of combustible materials. These difficulties also concern the determination of the effectiveness of various extinguishing agents for gas, fat and metal fires. However, extinguishing tests for liquid fires are defined very precisely. The tests of the effectiveness of powder materials, such as extinguishing powders, are based on relatively simple and methods used to extinguishers testing. It does not eliminate the very significant impact of the human factor on the test effect. A cone calorimeter was used for comparative evaluation of the extinguishing efficiency of bulk materials. For this purpose, bulk materials e.g. salt, sand and dry chemicals were applied to the surface of standard pine wood samples and the differences in their flammability were examined. Based on the analysis of HRR, weight loss curves and time to achieve flame combustion, it was found that a cone calorimeter can be used to pre-assess the effectiveness of extinguishing the dry powders and dry chemicals for solid fires. There were clear differences between chemical and only physical effects.