Sports and events play an important role in local identity building and creating a sense of community that encourages participation and increases social capital. Rural communities are specific areas with special needs and can face challenges and restraints when it comes to event organisation. The purpose of this paper is to identify organisational challenges and analyse the potential to achieving long-term sustainable social and economic outcomes linked to small-scale sports events in rural communities. Organisational challenges of rural communities in terms of organising sport events are examined and discussed using the framework of event leveraging developed by O’Brien and Chalip. This methodology is applied and discussed to a case study focusing on small-scale winter sport events in rural Croatia. Semi-structured interviews with local organisers were conducted in order to collect data on the overall event organisation and management, local coordination, role of community stakeholders and challenges facing strategic planning, with the intent to identify objectives for future events. Results were discussed independently and in the context of the leverage framework, with reflection on its applicability to rural communities as the event organisers. Recommendations are provided based on critical insight from the literature and are oriented on how to streamline the process of organising, delivering and managing of events in remote rural communities. Finally, the idea of inter-community organisation is proposed to ensure long-term social and economic benefits and to address the existing issues of overlapping of stakeholder categories, mixed objectives, distrust among stakeholders and inefficiently used local resources.

Despite its growing popularity, the term business model has not been uniquely defined so far. Within the management science and practice, it has been frequently confused with other popular terms. This article aims to bring clarity into what stands behind the business model concept by providing a review of the most common themes used in defining business model elements. It also discusses the relationship between the concept of a business model, on one hand, and strategy and sustainability, on the other. A few conclusions emerge. First, although there are no generally accepted definitions for either the business model or its building blocks, academics and practitioners agree that a business model is all about value. Second, a business model is not the same as a strategy but it has an important role in strategy implementation. Third, sustainability is found to be a hot topic for business models and has been increasingly used in symbiosis with this concept. Besides being a theoretical contribution to a definition of the business model as an independent concept, the findings may be particularly helpful to managers and business practitioners seeking ways to enable their firms to deal with complex market challenges and gain competitive advantage.

The connection between tourism development and the natural environment is more intense in outdoor sport tourism than in many other forms of tourism....

Community-based tourism was developed as holistic and comprehensive approach to local sustainable tourism development with emphasis on all-inclusive community participation at all levels of development. If developed well, community-based tourism can significantly improve state of local communities through empowerment and promotes greater economic and social benefits to individuals and organisations. One of the important characteristics of community-based tourism is the establishment of an organising mechanism in charge of involving various community members and ensuring their active participation. The purpose of this paper is to contribute understanding of community-based tourism and local community participation by addressing issues associated with establishing new local community-based tourism organisation, more precisely, examining attitudes of key local tourism stakeholders towards the very idea of the establishment of a new community-based tourism organisation, its potential characteristics and their personal involvement. Mixed methods have been employed for the purpose of gaining deeper insight into attitudes of local residents and local tourism entrepreneurs in the region of Gorski kotar in Croatia – focusing specifically on Ravna Gora. Research findings reveal important differences between more socially oriented local residents and profit-seeking local tourism entrepreneurs in terms of personal involvement as well as the characteristics of hypothetical new community-based tourism organisation.

Purpose: – Providing a new approach to the destination management oriented on the social responsibility and keeping the interests of local community at the forefront of tourism development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: – Key concepts from systems theory, stakeholder management and social enterprises theories are rethought from the perspective of tourist destination. Main characteristics of the model of community-based organisational structure are identified as well as demands for socially responsible practices and a case study method is used for holistic and in-depth analysis on a real community-based tourism enterprise (CBTE). Findings: – The paper proposed innovative socially responsible organisational business model aiming to serve the interests of local community. Interlinking the economic and social objectives in managing the tourist offer on destination level is the critical issue when cooperation of various stakeholders is concerned. Originality/value: – The paper provides new insight on organising the tourism offer in the destination by using CBTE model. Findings might give impetus for new lines of research oriented on socially sustainable organisational models for responsible destinations. Recommendations suggested by the paper can be used in designing new destination management organisations oriented on developing community-based tourism practices in socially responsible manner.

The development of food tourism, with an emphasis on authentic gastronomy, is important to ensure the long-term sustainability of tourism, especially in rural areas. Success in developing this type of tourism is largely dependent on strong stakeholder commitment. This study aims to understand the dynamics of the mechanisms of collaboration between different categories of stakeholders in the local development of authentic gastronomy for the purpose of tourism development, using a single rural region as an example. The case study method was selected to obtain a better understanding of the complexity of relationships among rural tourism stakeholders and the Ravni Kotari region in Croatia, as a rural area in the hinterland, with significant gastronomy tourism potential. Content analysis of available secondary sources was conducted to reveal cooperation patterns among different categories of stakeholders that are relevant for authentic gastronomy, together with onsite semi-structured interviews of representatives of different stakeholder categories. The research findings revealed a significant level of cooperation among public sector stakeholders, especially in terms of cooperating on projects that promote local gastronomy. However, the lack of horizontal cooperation among stakeholders from the private sector is also noted as a big challenge. This research provides valuable insights into the roles’ relationships and the collaboration mechanisms among key local stakeholders in the provison authentic gastronomy tourism.