Rapid tooling (RT) and additive manufacturing (AM) are currently being used in several parts of industry, particularly in the development of new products. The demand for timely deliveries of low-cost products in a variety of geometrical patterns is continuing to increase year by year. Increased demand for low-cost materials and tooling, including RT, is driving the demand for plastic and rubber products, along with engineering and product manufacturers. The development of AM and RT technologies has led to significant improvements in the technologies, especially in testing performance for newly developed products prior to the fabrication of hard tooling and low-volume production. On the other hand, the rapid heating cycle molding (RHCM) injection method can be implemented to overcome product surface defects generated by conventional injection molding (CIM), since the surface gloss of the parts is significantly improved, and surface marks such as flow marks and weld marks are eliminated. The most important RHCM technique is rapid heating and cooling of the cavity surface, which somewhat improves part quality while also maximizing production efficiencies. RT is not just about making molds quickly; it also improves molding productivity. Therefore, as RT can also be used to produce products with low-volume production, there is a good potential to explore RHCM in RT. This paper reviews the implementation of RHCM in the molding industry, which has been well established and undergone improvement on the basis of different heating technologies. Lastly, this review also introduces future research opportunities regarding the potential of RT in the RHCM technique.

The demand for natural fiber hybrid composites for various applications has increased, which is leading to more research being conducted on natural fiber hybrid composites due to their promising mechanical properties. However, the incompatibility of natural fiber with polymer matrix limits the performance of the natural fiber hybrid composite. In this research work, the mechanical properties and fiber-to-matrix interfacial adhesion were investigated. The efficiency of methyl methacrylate (MMA)-esterification treatments on composites’ final product performance was determined. The composite was prepared using the hand lay-up method with varying kenaf bast fiber (KBF) contents of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 (weight%) and hybridized with glass fiber (GF) at 5 and 10 (weight%). Unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) were used as binders and catalysts, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the effects of MMA-esterification treatment on tensile strength and morphology (tensile fracture and characterization of MMA-esterification treatment) of the composite fabricated. The tensile strength of MMA-treated reinforced UPE and hybrid composites are higher than that of untreated composites. As for MMA treatment, 90 min of treatment showed the highest weight percent gain (WPG) and tensile strength of KBF-reinforced UPE composites. It can be concluded that the esterification of MMA on the KBF can lead to better mechanical properties and adhesion between the KFB and the UPE matrix. This research provides a clear reference for developing hybrid natural fibers, thus contributing to the current field of knowledge related to GF composites, specifically in transportation diligences due to their properties of being lightweight, superior, and involving low production cost.

This article focuses on the production of tensile test (ASTM D638-03) specimens using fused deposition modelling technique as preliminary study for preparation of 3D-printed SUAV wings. Carbon-PLA (nylon 6/66 copolymer adding with 20% of carbon fiber) was used as 3D filament. There were 7 printing orientations: 0^o, 15^o, 30^o, 45^o, 60^o, 75^o, and 90^o based on tensile axis with 3 specimens for each direction (21 specimens in total). Printing parameters were set using open-source slicing application CURA. It was found delamination and fracture outside the gauge length causing high deviation of the mechanical properties value. So, the result of the testing test seems like do not comply with theoretical aspect of relationship between fiber orientation and tensile properties of composite materials. Taking care of printing parameters and increasing the number of specimens has an opportunity to achieve high precision results since precise data is crucial as a starting point for the development of SUAV wings.

Polylactic acid (PLA)-graft-Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) was grafted using Maleic Anhydride (MA) as a grafting agent. Different concentrations of MA (5- Polylactic acid (PLA)-graft-Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) was grafted using Maleic Anhydride (MA) as a grafting agent. Different concentrations of MA (5-

Currently, an organic filler like RH (RH) is widely used in polymer matrix composite (in the filler such as light weight, low cost and environmentally frie Currently, an organic filler like RH (RH) is widely used in polymer matrix composite (in the filler such as light weight, low cost and environmentally frie

In this study, the rubber blend of raw Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and recycled Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (r-EPDM) were prepared by comp In this study, the rubber blend of raw Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and recycled Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (r-EPDM) were prepared by comp