High-quality marine ecosystems are free from global trending pollutants’ (GTP) contaminants. Accuracy and caution are needed during the exploitation of marine resources during marine tourism to prevent future ecological hazards that cause chain effects on aquatic ecosystems and humans. This article identifies exposure to GTP: microplastic (MP); polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); pesticide residue (PR); heavy metal (HM); and medical waste (MW), in marine ecosystems in the marine tourism area (MTA) area and Barrang Caddi Island (BCI) waters. A combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were used with analytical instruments and mathematical formulas. The search results show the average total abundance of MPs in seawater (5.47 units/m³) and fish samples (7.03 units/m³), as well as in the sediment and sponge samples (8.18 units/m³) and (8.32 units/m³). Based on an analysis of the polymer structure, it was identified that the dominant light group was MPs: polyethylene (PE); polypropylene (PP); polystyrene (PS); followed by polyamide-nylon (PA); and polycarbonate (PC). Several PAH pollutants were identified in the samples. In particular, naphthalene (NL) types were the most common pollutants in all of the samples, followed by pyrene (PN), and azulene (AZ). Pb⁺² and Cu⁺² pollutants around BCI were successfully calculated, showing average concentrations in seawater of 0.164 ± 0.0002 mg/L and 0.293 ± 0.0007 mg/L, respectively, while in fish, the concentrations were 1.811 ± 0.0002 µg/g and 4.372 ± 0.0003 µg/g, respectively. Based on these findings, the BCI area is not recommended as a marine tourism destination.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminants have toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. Screening bacteria from different sources capable of carrying out the biodegradation of (PAHs) is essential for mapping and mobilization purposes and applying them to polluted hydrocarbon environments. The study aims to compare the capacity of PAH biodegradation by two types of bacteria isolated from different sources. The method applied is the interaction between bacterial suspension and pyrene-contaminated waste for 30 days. Biodegradation products in organic compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The analysis results found several indications of the performance of bacterial biodegradation: The capacity of pyrene degradation by Bacillus licheniformis strain ATCC 9789 (Bl) bacteria against pyrene was relatively more dominant than Sphingobacterium sp. strain 21 (Sb) bacteria. The percentage of total bacterial biodegradation for product type Sb was (39.00%), and that of the product of bacterial degradation type Bl (38.29%). The biodegradation products of the test bacteria (Bl and Sb) were relatively similar to pyrene in the form of alcohol and carboxylic acid organic compounds. There was no significant difference in the pyrene biodegradation between Bl and Sb bacteria.

Alive amphipod has been considering as potential food for tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon, during growing period in aquaculture pond. The present experiment was aimed at investigating the rate of consumption of tiger prawn juvenile on the adult amphipod crustacean. The consumption rate of tiger prawn was tested at various density levels of amphipod using 2L volume of glass containers. Each container was filled with one liter of sterilized seawater with 30 ppt salinity and included one prawn juvenile. Seven levels of amphipod densities: 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 ind.L⁻¹ were applied on three ranges of prawn sizes (Total length=TL: 4560mm, 65-80mm, and 85-100mm) as replications. The percentage of amphipod consumed by each prawn during 4 hours of exposure is recorded and presented in tabular and graphical form. The difference effect between treatments was also tested statistically. The results showed that the number of amphipod consumed by each prawn increases significantly (P0.05). Based on the consumption rate can be concluded that the amphipod-crustacean is suitable as a live food during the grow-out phase of tiger prawn. Nevertheless, more detail about the effect of amphipod on the growth performance of tiger prawn is still needed a more detailed study.

The mortality rate at crablet stage of blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus during weaning is still high. Insufficient in food availability can be a trigger to high cannibalism. On the other hands, the used of artificial feed often causes a decrease in water quality. Information on the use of live feed during the crablet weaning is not yet available. This study aims to look at the opportunity to use Amphipod-crustacea, Grandidierella megnae (Giles, 1888) as a live food at crablet-4 (C4) stage of swimmer crabs. The consumption rate of C4 against amphipod was tested at various density levels using glass containers with 1L volume. Each container was filled with 0.5 L of sterilized sea water with 30 ppt salinity and included one crab of C4. Five levels of amphipod density applied were 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 ind.L⁻¹ with 10 replications each. The amount of amphipod consumed by a crablet during 10 hours of exposure is recorded and presented in tabular and graphical form. The results showed that the consumption rate of C4 against amphipod increases significantly (P<0.05) as the density of amphipod increase and reach the maximum value at 10 ind.crab⁻¹. Based on the consumption rate of C4 against amphipod, can be concluded that the G. megnae (Giles, 1888) is suitable as a live food during weaning of swimming crab. However, more detail about the effect of amphipod on growth rate of swimming crab is still need more detail study.

THE PREFERENCE SIZE OF MALE MUD CRAB, Scylla tranquebarica AT SUCCESS MATING WITH FEMALE , Scylla olivacea IN CONTROLLED TANKS