This article aims to investigate the influence of different contact conditions on the friction properties of an Nb-stabilized AISI 430 ferritic stainless-steel sheet with deep drawing quality. Three tribological tests were performed: pin-on-disk, bending under tension, and strip-tension test. Moreover, counter samples of a hard metal (WC-12%Co) with surface finishes of 0.27 and 0.54 μm were used in the friction tests under dry and lubricated conditions. The influence of the texture and relative elongation of the strip on formability also were investigated. A comparative analysis of the results revealed that the coefficients of friction, wear, lubricant efficiency, and hardness measured below the wear surface indicated a strong dependence on surface roughness and the friction test type. The coefficients of friction obtained from the pin-on-disk test were higher than those obtained from the formability tests. In addition, the coefficient of friction increased with increasing relative elongation during the formability tests; it was higher in the bending-under-tension test than in the strip-tension test, mainly owing to the increasing strip surface roughness. The contact pressure during the formability tests was non-uniform during strip sliding under the tool. According to our results, for each friction condition in a specific area of the forming die, there is a value of the coefficient of friction, depending on the kinematic conditions. Therefore, the results can be used as input data to define design guidelines, improve productivity, and improve product quality from this steel sheet.

In this paper, the effect of sheet pre-deformation on the change of the surface roughness parameters and friction coefficient value is investigated. For this purpose, strips of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel with deep drawing quality (DDQ), measuring 0.8 × 25 × 500 mm, were pre-deformed using a uniaxial tensile test for five different true strain values. The correlation between the surface roughness parameters and hardness with the frictional conditions of the tested strips was investigated in the bending under tension test. The results revealed that the friction coefficient determined for all pre-deformed strips increased as the level of true strain also increased. An increase in the plastic deformation of sheets under the uniaxial tensile stress state causes a nearly linear increase in the value of basic amplitude parameters of surface roughness, however, the hardness tended to present a constant increase for deformations close to uniform elongation. Furthermore, scratches and severe wear occurred on the surface of the strips and intensified with increasing roughness.

RESUMO Na conformação de chapas metálicas, as propriedades mecânicas do material e os aspectos relacionados ao atrito têm sido uma das principais preocupações, pois têm grande influência na produtividade, qualidade do produto e custos de produção. Nesse contexto, é de extrema importância compreender e ser capaz de controlar os diferentes fatores que afetam o atrito durante o processo de deformação plástica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a influência da variação da velocidade de estampagem e da anisotropia no comportamento tribológico e na fratura de uma tira de aço inoxidável ferrítico AISI 430 estabilizado com Nb deslizando sobre um pino de metal duro (WC-12% Co). Para isso, foi utilizado um teste de conformabilidade que simula o atrito entre a chapa e a ferramenta. O coeficiente de atrito, ductilidade e dureza na fratura foram medidos para investigar o efeito da velocidade de ensaio e da anisotropia da chapa de aço nos resultados experimentais. Uma análise comparativa dos resultados revelou que o coeficiente de atrito diminuiu com o aumento da velocidade de teste. Além disso, a orientação da tira metálica influenciou sintomaticamente no atrito, sendo maior no sentido de laminação, cuja rugosidade superficial foi maior que no sentido transversal. Como resultado da deformação plástica, a dureza e resistência da chapa de aço aumentaram, mas a ductilidade diminuiu, porém, o aumento da velocidade de ensaio também influenciou os valores desses parâmetros causando uma diminuição, muito provavelmente, devido ao aumento da temperatura na interface de contato.