In this study, a pulsed laser operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm and with a pulse width of 100 ns was utilized for the removal of paint from the surface of a 2024 aluminum alloy. The experimental investigation was conducted to analyze the influence of laser parameters on the efficacy of paint layer removal from the aircraft skin’s surface and the subsequent evolution in the microstructure of the laser-treated aluminum alloy substrate. The mechanism underlying laser cleaning was explored through simulation. The findings revealed that power density and scanning speed significantly affected the quality of cleaning. Notably, there were discernible damage thresholds and optimal cleaning parameters in repetitive frequency, with a power density of 178.25 MW/cm², scanning speed of 500 mm/s, and repetitive frequency of 40 kHz identified as the primary optimal settings for achieving the desired cleaning effect. Thermal ablation and thermal vibration were identified as the principal mechanisms of cleaning. Moreover, laser processing induced surface dislocations and concentrated stress, accompanied by grain refinement, on the aluminum substrate.

The electrolyte is one of the key components of dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSC) structure. In this paper, the electrolyte formulation of a new DSSC with external photoanode structure was studied. Based on the idea that the electrolyte should match the light absorption and light path, iodine series electrolytes with different concentrations were configured and used in the experiment. The results showed that the external photoanode structure solar cells assembled with titanium electrode had the best photoelectric conversion ability when the concentration of I₂ was 0.048 M. It achieved the open circuit voltage of 0.71 V, the short circuit current of 8.87 mA, and the filling factor of 57%.

This research focuses on the fabrication and optimization of large-area PM6:D18-CL:Y6 ternary organic solar cells, with a particular emphasis on film thickness, annealing temperature, and the connection configuration’s impact on device performance. The experimental findings indicate that an optimal film thickness of approximately 105 nm fosters the formation of a well-interconnected network, reducing defects and significantly improving both the fill factor, which reaches 46.2%, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) at 7.2%. An annealing temperature of 110 °C stands out as the ideal condition, resulting in the highest PCE of 8.15%. Notably, excessively high annealing temperatures lead to material aggregation, compromising device performance. Regarding the connection configurations, the study demonstrates that the 5-series 4-parallel arrangement surpasses traditional setups, achieving an impressive output power of 0.11 W. In conclusion, the meticulous control of the film thickness and annealing temperature is paramount for achieving a high PCE in large-area PM6:D18-CL:Y6 ternary organic solar cells. The 5-series 4-parallel configuration exhibits considerable promise for an enhanced power output, offering valuable insights into the development and industrialization of large-area organic solar cells.

Soda–lime glass has a wide range of applications in the fields of smart electronics, optical components, and precision originals. In order to investigate the effect of processing parameters on picosecond Bessel laser cutting of soda–lime glass and to achieve high-quality soda–lime glass cutting, a series of cutting experiments were conducted in this study. In this study, it was found that the machining point spacing, the incident laser energy, and the number of burst modes had a significant effect on the machining of the samples. The atomic force microscope (AFM) showed a better quality of roughness of the machined cross-section when the spacing of the machining points was 1 μm, a locally optimal solution was obtained when the number of burst modes was 2, and a locally optimal solution was also obtained when the incident laser power was 11.5 W. In this study, better machining quality was achieved for soda–lime glass of 1 mm thickness, with an average roughness of 158 nm and a local optimum of 141 nm.