This perspective paper elaborates on how the burden of environmental issues on public health and the economy led China’s government to declare its revised environmental policies or “war on pollution”. It explains the importance of photovoltaic solar (PV), electric vehicles (EV), and carbon capture and storage (CCS) in helping China to mitigate its environmental concerns while maintaining economic growth. China already leads PV solar and EV manufacturing; however, it has not made a tangible contribution to CCS technology yet. On the other hand, CCS is far behind its envisaged role in contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and supporting countries to meet their net carbon zero targets. China’s existing coal power plants are good candidates to be retrofitted with CCS. Similar to PV and EV technologies, China could influence this technology globally, by reducing the uncertainties, demonstrating the viability, and driving the costs lower. China’s revised policies have been effective and shown global impacts, but their implementations remain as strong as the political will behind them.

In this article, a Colombian field was chosen which is located in Puerto Nare, Antioquia where there is a good location to install Concentrated Solar Power (CSP), which consists of concentrating heat through the sun, to generate steam and supply it and also be able to do this without the absence of solar irradiation, through this article the LCOE calculation will be evidenced by the System Advisor Model (SAM) simulator taking into account different factors, obtaining a value of 0.4kW /$, which tells us which is quite profitable. Therefore, this energy is viable for the implementation in the cyclical injection of steam to the Colombian TECA field, where it is desired to predict the calculation of the production rate through an analytical model and calculate the heat losses, to know the proper steam temperature for cyclic injection.

The market structure of the electricity distribution segment is delineated through mergers and acquisitions. These movements are affected by the current regulatory model, which may favor a certain scale size over another. Although several papers analyze the Brazilian electricity distribution segment, Business Groups (BGs) are usually neglected in efficiency analysis. In this context, the paper evaluates the efficiency of the BGs that make up the Brazilian electricity distribution segment. To this end, three models - based on the Data Envelopment Analysis - were developed to evaluate global, technical, and scale efficiency. On average, the groups obtained the value of 0.60 for global efficiency, 0.76 for technical efficiency, and 0.80 for scale efficiency. Under the technical efficiency frontier, approximately 24% of operating costs could be reduced, translating into an average drop in the tariff of R$ 65 in the year 2017. This study contributes, in an empirical manner, to a greater understanding of the phenomenon of market concentration in natural monopolies.