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Gijsbert Korevaar
Delft University of Technology

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Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Energy Policy
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The Netherlands aims at reducing natural gas consumption for heating in the housing sector. Although homeowners are responsible for replacing their heating systems and improving dwelling insulation, they are not always able to make individual decisions. Some projects require group decisions within and between buildings. We use an agent-based modelling and simulation approach to explore how these individual and group decisions would influence natural gas consumption and heating costs in an illustrative neighbourhood, under a set of assumptions. We model individual household preferences over combinations of insulation and heating systems as a lifetime cost calculation with implicit discount rates, and we use quorum constraints to represent group decisions. We model three fiscal policies and a policy to disconnect all dwellings from the natural gas network. Results show that the disconnection policy was the only necessary and sufficient condition to incentivize households to replace their heating systems and that group decisions influenced the alternatives that were chosen. Since results were influenced by group decisions within buildings and by the market discount rate, we recommend further research regarding policies around these topics. Future work can apply our approach to case studies, incorporate new empirical knowledge, and explore group decisions in other contexts.

ACS Style

Graciela-Del-Carmen Nava-Guerrero; Helle Hvid Hansen; Gijsbert Korevaar; Zofia Lukszo. The effect of group decisions in heat transitions: An agent-based approach. Energy Policy 2021, 156, 112306 .

AMA Style

Graciela-Del-Carmen Nava-Guerrero, Helle Hvid Hansen, Gijsbert Korevaar, Zofia Lukszo. The effect of group decisions in heat transitions: An agent-based approach. Energy Policy. 2021; 156 ():112306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Graciela-Del-Carmen Nava-Guerrero; Helle Hvid Hansen; Gijsbert Korevaar; Zofia Lukszo. 2021. "The effect of group decisions in heat transitions: An agent-based approach." Energy Policy 156, no. : 112306.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
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ACS Style

Kasper Lange; Gijsbert Korevaar; Igor Nikolic; Paulien Herder. Actor Behaviour and Robustness of Industrial Symbiosis Networks: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 2021, 24, 1 .

AMA Style

Kasper Lange, Gijsbert Korevaar, Igor Nikolic, Paulien Herder. Actor Behaviour and Robustness of Industrial Symbiosis Networks: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation. 2021; 24 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kasper Lange; Gijsbert Korevaar; Igor Nikolic; Paulien Herder. 2021. "Actor Behaviour and Robustness of Industrial Symbiosis Networks: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach." Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 24, no. 3: 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Industrial Symbiosis (IS) is a collaboration between nearby industrial plants to exchange waste material and energy and achieve economic and environmental benefits that cannot be obtained individually. IS emergence in a cluster requires both technical potentials for material and energy exchange and social readiness for collaboration. In this paper, to gain insight into IS dynamics in emerging industrial clusters; we investigate shared concepts governing actors' behavior in the form of rules and regulations, and social norms and practices. We implemented the IS dynamics framework to reveal which dynamics are supported either by the legislation or actors' preferences. The Persian Gulf Mining and Metal Industries Special Economic Zone in Iran is used as a case study. The case study revealed that previous successful collaborations in the cluster were often self-organized, but stakeholders preferred to initiate new IS collaborations if financial incentives and infrastructure are provided. Meanwhile, the institutional analysis showed that institutional arrangements (e.g., pricing and penalties) are not in favor of IS emergence. Even though stakeholders might engage in self-organized IS because of inherent problems such as resource scarcity, the lack of clear and effective institutions could hinder IS. This understanding can help both the government and stakeholders in their strategies for future collaborations under different economic and environmental policies.

ACS Style

Shiva Noori; Gijsbert Korevaar; Andrea Ramirez Ramirez. Institutional Lens upon Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics: The Case of Persian Gulf Mining and Metal Industries Special Economic Zone. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6192 .

AMA Style

Shiva Noori, Gijsbert Korevaar, Andrea Ramirez Ramirez. Institutional Lens upon Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics: The Case of Persian Gulf Mining and Metal Industries Special Economic Zone. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):6192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiva Noori; Gijsbert Korevaar; Andrea Ramirez Ramirez. 2020. "Institutional Lens upon Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics: The Case of Persian Gulf Mining and Metal Industries Special Economic Zone." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 6192.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2019 in Sustainability
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Social life cycle assessment (SLCA) was developed to complement the environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic assessment. Contrary to LCA, SLCA is not yet standardized, and the consequential approach is little discussed in literature. This study aims to perform a consequential SLCA and investigate the applicability of the method in industrial decision making. The aforementioned assessment is done within the Zero Brine project, which works on zero liquid discharge technology for water, salt, and magnesium recovery from brine effluents. The developed SLCA systems are gate-to-gate, and the analysis is performed at two levels: Hotspot and site-specific. The system boundaries consist of a demineralized water (DW) production company, a chlor–alkali company, an electricity provider, a magnesium distributor in the Netherlands, and a Russian mining company. The latter exists only in the boundaries before the change due to the Zero Brine project, because recovered magnesium is expected to replace the Russian magnesium imported in the Netherlands. Within the system boundaries, the stakeholders contributing the most are the DW and the magnesium distributor companies. The former produces the brine and thus recovers the magnesium and salt. The latter is the exclusive distributor of Russian magnesium in the Netherlands. Overall, we find that the recovered magnesium results in improving social performance mainly in “Freedom of association and collective bargaining”, “Fair salary”, and “Health and Safety” due to decreasing the dependency of the Netherlands on Russia, while increasing operation in a country with much stronger environmental regulation and corporate commitment to sustainability issues. Modelling with SLCA may not result in the expected societal benefits, as the Russian community and workers may not benefit due to the large geographical boundaries of the system under study. Nevertheless, the application of the consequential approach can be considered suitable, yet complicated, for offering decision makers adequate social information. We recommend that decision makers in the DW company invest in magnesium recovery and that decision makers in the magnesium distributor company distribute the recovered magnesium.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5945 .

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Gijsbert Korevaar. Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (21):5945.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2019. "Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 21: 5945.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2019 in Energies
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To reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, an energy transition is taking place in the European Union. Achieving these targets requires changes in the heating and cooling sector (H&C). Designing and implementing this energy transition is not trivial, as technology, actors, and institutions interact in complex ways. We provide an illustrative example of the development and use of an agent-based model (ABM) for thermal energy transitions in the built environment, from the perspective of sociotechnical systems (STS) and complex adaptive systems (CAS). In our illustrative example, we studied the transition of a simplified residential neighborhood to heating without natural gas. We used the ABM to explore socioeconomic conditions that could support the neighborhoods’ transition over 20 years while meeting the neighborhoods’ heat demand. Our illustrative example showed that through the use of STS, CAS, and an ABM, we can account for technology, actors, institutions, and their interactions while designing for thermal energy transitions in the built environment.

ACS Style

Graciela Del Carmen Nava Guerrero; Gijsbert Korevaar; Helle Hvid Hansen; Zofia Lukszo. Agent-Based Modeling of a Thermal Energy Transition in the Built Environment. Energies 2019, 12, 856 .

AMA Style

Graciela Del Carmen Nava Guerrero, Gijsbert Korevaar, Helle Hvid Hansen, Zofia Lukszo. Agent-Based Modeling of a Thermal Energy Transition in the Built Environment. Energies. 2019; 12 (5):856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Graciela Del Carmen Nava Guerrero; Gijsbert Korevaar; Helle Hvid Hansen; Zofia Lukszo. 2019. "Agent-Based Modeling of a Thermal Energy Transition in the Built Environment." Energies 12, no. 5: 856.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Industrial Symbiosis (IS) is a collective approach to competitive advantage in which separate industries create a cooperative network to exchange materials, energy, water and/or by-products. By addressing issues related to resource depletion, waste management and pollution, IS plays an important role in the transition towards sustainable development. In the literature, two conceptual perspectives on IS can be identified: the Industrial Ecology (IE) and the Circular Economy (CE) perspective. Despite the recognition of these two perspectives, their relationship remains unclear and explicit attempts to develop an integrated perspective have not been made yet. Consequently, the goal of this research is to highlight and start addressing this critical gap of knowledge in order to support future research and practice geared towards the design of new IS clusters. We pose the following research question: How can the IE and CE perspectives on IS be combined in order to support the design of IS clusters? To this end, we first investigate the two perspectives more in depth and compare them in terms of nature, features and relevance for the study of IS. This is done by applying them as conceptual lenses for the analysis of the same case study, an existing IS cluster. The comparative analysis provides insights into how the two perspectives differ, ultimately demonstrating that they are complimentary and both necessary to fully describe an IS cluster. While the CE perspective is more suitable to explain how a cluster functions from a business standpoint in the operating phase, the IE perspective is more suitable to explain its development over time and its impacts on the environment, the economy and society. Building upon the outcomes of the comparative analysis, we leverage on the discipline of Strategic Design and integrate the two perspectives into a process for designing new IS clusters. We suggest two directions for future research. First, improving our comparative analysis of the two perspectives by looking at a wider and sample of IS clusters of different sizes and in different contexts. Second, focusing with more specificity on the issue of how IS clusters can be designed, potentially by trying to apply the process we propose on a real case aimed at designing a new IS cluster.

ACS Style

Brian Baldassarre; Micky Schepers; Nancy Bocken; Eefje Cuppen; Gijsbert Korevaar; Giulia Calabretta. Industrial Symbiosis: towards a design process for eco-industrial clusters by integrating Circular Economy and Industrial Ecology perspectives. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 216, 446 -460.

AMA Style

Brian Baldassarre, Micky Schepers, Nancy Bocken, Eefje Cuppen, Gijsbert Korevaar, Giulia Calabretta. Industrial Symbiosis: towards a design process for eco-industrial clusters by integrating Circular Economy and Industrial Ecology perspectives. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 216 ():446-460.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brian Baldassarre; Micky Schepers; Nancy Bocken; Eefje Cuppen; Gijsbert Korevaar; Giulia Calabretta. 2019. "Industrial Symbiosis: towards a design process for eco-industrial clusters by integrating Circular Economy and Industrial Ecology perspectives." Journal of Cleaner Production 216, no. : 446-460.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2017 in Sustainability
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Symbiotic Urban Agriculture Networks (SUANs) are a specific class of symbiotic networks that intend to close material and energy loops from cities and urban agriculture. Private and public stakeholders in SUANs face difficulties in the implementation of technological and organisational design interventions due to the complex nature of the agricultural and urban environment. Current research on the dynamics of symbiotic networks, especially Industrial Symbiosis (IS), is based on historical data from practice, and provides only partly for an understanding of symbiotic networks as a sociotechnical complex adaptive system. By adding theory and methodology from Design Science, participatory methods, and by using agent-based modelling as a tool, prescriptive knowledge is developed in the form of grounded and tested design rules for SUANs. In this paper, we propose a conceptual Design Science method with the aim to develop an empirically validated participatory agent-based modelling strategy that guides sociotechnical design interventions in SUANs. In addition, we present a research agenda for further strategy, design intervention, and model development through case studies regarding SUANs. The research agenda complements the existing analytical work by adding a necessary Design Science approach, which contributes to bridging the gap between IS dynamics theory and practical complex design issues.

ACS Style

Kasper P.H. Lange; Gijsbert Korevaar; Inge F. Oskam; Paulien M. Herder. Developing and Understanding Design Interventions in Relation to Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics. Sustainability 2017, 9, 826 .

AMA Style

Kasper P.H. Lange, Gijsbert Korevaar, Inge F. Oskam, Paulien M. Herder. Developing and Understanding Design Interventions in Relation to Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (5):826.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kasper P.H. Lange; Gijsbert Korevaar; Inge F. Oskam; Paulien M. Herder. 2017. "Developing and Understanding Design Interventions in Relation to Industrial Symbiosis Dynamics." Sustainability 9, no. 5: 826.

Journal article
Published: 05 April 2017 in Sustainability
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This paper aims to contribute to understanding the dynamics of industrial symbiosis. More specifically, we focus on the dynamics of anchoring as they can be observed in the Chinese context of eco-industrial development. We define anchoring as those activities that (typically local) actors perform to create local physical and institutional conditions conducive to the emergence and further development of industrial symbiosis in a specific regional industrial system. We argue that, in the study of industrial symbiosis dynamics, it is conceptually more useful to focus on anchoring as an activity, rather than anchor tenants as actors. Based on a systematic literature review, we distinguish two types of anchoring activities: institutional and physical. We analyze anchoring dynamics in the case of Qijiang Industrial Symbiosis (Chongqing Municipality) in China. We have identified the physical and institutional anchoring activities, the actors responsible for these activities, and how different anchoring activities build on each other over time. Our case study shows that the attempt to bring about industrial symbiosis in the Qijiang industrial park can be described in a richer way than just ‘governmental planning’.

ACS Style

Li Sun; Wouter Spekkink; Eefje Cuppen; Gijsbert Korevaar. Coordination of Industrial Symbiosis through Anchoring. Sustainability 2017, 9, 549 .

AMA Style

Li Sun, Wouter Spekkink, Eefje Cuppen, Gijsbert Korevaar. Coordination of Industrial Symbiosis through Anchoring. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (4):549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li Sun; Wouter Spekkink; Eefje Cuppen; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2017. "Coordination of Industrial Symbiosis through Anchoring." Sustainability 9, no. 4: 549.