In this paper, WO₃ nanowires were successfully synthesized via a one-step water bath method at an appropriate temperature. The XRD (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer), SEM (Scanning electron microscope), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and other characterization methods proved that the synthesized product was WO₃, and the product of water bath reaction for 9 h showed the nanowires’ structure. The nanowires were evenly distributed, and the length ranged from 2 μm to 4 μm. The results showed that the nanowires had excellent light transmittance (66%), a very short response time (1.2 s, 2 s) and excellent color rendering efficiency (115.2 cm² C⁻¹) at 650 nm. The electrochemical performance test showed that the specific capacity of the WO₃ nanowires was up to 565 F/g at 1 A/g. Change the different current densities and cycle 100 times, then return to the initial current density, accounting for 99% of the initial specific capacity of 565 F/g. We used this method for the first time to prepare tungsten oxide nanowires and investigated the bifunctional properties of the material, namely the electrochromic and capacitive properties. All of these data indicate that WO₃ nanorods have excellent electrochromic and electrochromic properties and have potential market prospects in the fields of electrochromic glass, variable glasses, advertising, and supercapacitors.

In order to investigate the effect of protein structure changes on the texture of scallop adductor muscles under ultra-high pressure, the protein structure, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, and chewing properties of untreated scallops maintained at 200 MPa for 60 s, 120 s, and 180 s were measured and compared. At the same time, sensory indicators were evaluated to verify the effect of ultra-high pressure treatment on the quality of scallop adductor muscles. The results indicated that the mass fraction of the α-helix was decreased by 13.70% and the mass fraction of β–folding was 2.72 times higher in the adductor muscle of scallops compared to the fresh adducts without ultra-high pressure treatment, maintained for 180 s at an ultra-high pressure of 200 MPa. At the same time, the value of I₈₅₀/I₈₃₀ of protein tyrosine residues was 1.094, which weakened the water retention ability of the protein, the elasticity of the scallop adduct was reduced from the original 7.16 N to 6.17 N, the cohesion was reduced by 3.76%, and the hardness was increased by 17.45%. This improved the cooking quality of scallops, which was consistent with the sensory evaluation results. Therefore, under ultra-high pressure treatment, changes in the protein structure of the adductor muscle of scallops had a certain impact on their texture, which was able to provide support for in-depth research on the mechanism of ultra-high pressure action.

Because of their high nutritional value, the demand for scallops is increasing year by year. In the process of improving people’s living standards, the ready-to-eat characteristics and dry sales characteristics of this product make its shelling process particularly important in the production process. However, the mechanism of ultra-high pressure shelling has not yet been clarified. Therefore, in-depth study of the structural change of the scallop connection interface is of vital importance to explore the mechanism of ultra-high pressure shelling and the development of intelligent equipment from the mechanical point of view. The obturator muscle fibers and the inner surface materials of the shell at the obturator muscle scar of the scallop at 100, 200 and 300 MPa were obtained for Raman spectrum, Fourier-transform infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results showed that under the pressure of 200 MPa, the degree of protein denaturation of scallop adductor muscle increased, the elasticity disappeared, and the fiber was stretched; The deformation of the organic plasma membrane connected by the inorganic–organic interface weakens the binding force of the interface material and increases the possibility of the composite interface failure. To sum up, ultra-high pressure can effectively weaken the interface adhesion of scallop organic-inorganic composite materials, and is one of the effective ways of shelling. The research results can provide a basis for the in-depth analysis of ultra-high pressure mechanisms and the development of intelligent equipment, and provide technical support for the realization of ultra-high-pressure industrial production.

Shell is a typical biomineralized inorganic–organic composite material. The essence of scallop deshelling is caused by the fracture failure at the interface of the organic and inorganic–organic matter composites. The constitutive equations were solved so that the stress distributions of the adductor in the radial, circumferential, and axial directions were obtained as σ_r = σ_θ = P, σ_z = 2(2 − ν)P/(2ν − 1), and the shear stress was τ_zr = 0. Using the method of finite element simulation analysis, the stress distribution laws at different interface states were obtained. The experimental results show that when the amplitude is constant, the undulation period is smaller than the diameter of the adductor or the angle between the bus of the adductor, and the reference horizontal plane gradually decreases, so the interface is more likely to yield. After the analysis, the maximum stress for the yielding of the scallop interface was about 247 MPa, and the whole deshelling process was gradually spread from the outer edge of the interface to the center. The study analyzed the scallop organic–inorganic material interface from the perspective of mechanics, and the mechanical model and simulation analysis results were consistent with the parameter optimization results, which can provide some theoretical basis for the composite material interface failure and in-depth research.