The Job Creation Law (JCL) is an omnibus law promulgated by the Indonesian government to promote investment in the nation by simplifying business license issuance and providing an exemption on previously established procedures. Business license applicants are exempted from the obligation to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) so long as their projects are aligned with the land utilization policy and the zoning plan. This creates a threat to environmental sustainability as only 10% cities or regencies in Indonesia are equipped with detailed zoning plans. Furthermore, environmental considerations are rarely incorporated into spatial planning. This paper reviews changes in spatial and environmental planning practices based on a comparison among existing regulations, qualitative assessment of potential environmental impact based on lessons learned from various study cases, and critical evaluations on the aim to ease business establishment versus sustainability. The research method includes analysis of relevant document and descriptive quantitative analysis. We found that JCL puts sustainability aside and may lead to further environmental degradation.

This study aims to develop scales to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in education for sustainable development (ESD) at an environmental care and culture school, which is important because the school serves as an ESD benchmark for other public schools. However, there is no adequate performance measurement scale that incorporates the three dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL). The 133 samples in this study were collected from four schools in regencies and cities in Indonesia. We developed a scale to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in ESD. The developed scale was then tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We found that the teachers had the lowest performance in systems thinking competence compared to other competences, such as ability to plan content and social dimensions. The teachers set a good example by using polite language and gestures but did not model green behavior. The teachers also had low scores in peer participation in external organizations and activities. The scale formulated in this study can be used to measure teacher performance in ESD, although some indicators must be further developed. In the future, purely confirmatory studies can validate the dimensional structure of this exploratory factor analysis.

Developing a Geographic Information System-Based Assessment Model for Sustainable Metropolitan Development: The Case of the Semarang Metropolitan Region, Indonesia

Saminist or Sedulur Sikep is an indigenous people or local community at Kendeng Mountains Sukolilo, Pati. Sedulur Sikep community expected North Kendeng Mountains maintained and conserved continuity to be able to contribute to the local community whom majority earned living as traditional farmers. Sedulur Sikep concerned to the destruction of North Kendeng Mountains caused of illegal mining and illegal logging which effected directly to local community such as flood, landslide and others disaster. This paper aim to analyze the Sedulur Sikep’s environmental wisdom to conserve North Kendeng Mountain from destruction of illegal logging, illegal mining and the plans of construction of a cement industries in the North Kendeng Mountains region in Sukolilo, Kayen and Tambakromo. This study is the descriptive qualitative research, the data in this study were obtained from observation, in-depth interviews, discussions, and data reports. The results of this study show that environmental wisdom of Sedulur Sikep means of living harmony to North Kendeng Mountain. Sedulur Sikep have been having environmental wisdom which able to reject the constructing a cement industries in North Kendeng Mountain. The success of Sedulur Sikep conserved Kendeng Mountains supported by the holding firm of their environmental wisdom means living harmony to nature around.

Mangroves are crucial ecosystems that provide significant ecological, economic, and social benefits, including coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity support. However, their long-term survival is increasingly threatened by human activities, climate change, and ineffective governance. This study aims to identify major trends, thematic clusters, influential publications, and emerging issues in mangrove research. Through PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, a total of 210 published between 1190 and 2025 peer-reviewed articles was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methods to uncover research patterns and gaps. Visualization tools such as VOSViewer and the Biblioshiny R package were employed to map key concerns in mangrove management. The results indicate a steady increase in mangrove-related research, driven by the growing urgency of climate change and environmental degradation. Research is largely dominated by institutions and countries with extensive mangrove distributions. Eight primary research clusters were identified, including Coastal Zone Management, Environmental Policy, Degradation, Remote Sensing, Co-Management, and Community Participation. The findings underscore the urgent need for coordinated, multidisciplinary approaches to mangrove management that integrate ecological conservation with socio-economic dimensions. This study offers a comprehensive roadmap for future research, emphasizing areas such as socio-ecological resilience, innovative governance models, and the integration of local knowledge into policy-making.