Network automation has been bred by the deployment of 5G based Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) in Industry 4.0, and further approaching pervasive AI and human-robot-interaction/-collaboration toward 6G based Industry 5.0. Hitherto, to the best of the authors knowledge, research efforts are still required to provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art network automation technologies for IIoT in 5G based Industry 4.0 and summary of challenges for next-generation network automation regarding the stricter network requirements of 6G based Industry 5.0. Therefore, in this article, we conduct a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art network automation technologies, standardizations, and corresponding impact on IIoT of Industry 4.0. We also forecast the next-generation network automation development toward 6G based Industry 5.0. This article provides blueprint of the next-generation network automation, meanwhile conducting comprehensive overview of the SoA network automation technologies in Industry 4.0, which gains high referable value for the researchers in the relative domain.

Nowadays, our society has been experiencing the development of Healthcare 4.0, focusing on digitalization by utilizing cloud/fog computing-based consumer Internet-of-Things (CIoT). Meanwhile, Industry 5.0 has been defined recently, targeting improving the current Industry 4.0. Inspired by Industry 5.0, we are among the first wave of researchers to propose Healthcare 5.0, specifically in the perspective of fog/cloud computing. Concretely, we perform a comprehensive vertical and horizontal summary of Healthcare 1.0 -4.0 and Industry 1.0 -4.0, which enables us to be among the first research efforts to provide a unique prediction of the corresponding upcoming Healthcare 5.0, based on Industry 5.0. In particular, we predict the potential development in Healthcare 5.0, specifically for fog/cloud computing, on top of a comprehensive overview of the role and state-of-the-art development in Healthcare 4.0. We also give our unique insight of the potential technologies of CIoT and fog/cloud computing in Healthcare 5.0, as well as the corresponding opportunities and challenges. Therefore, for the first time, this article provides deep and well-thought insight to open a new era towards the future fog/cloud computing for healthcare system development towards Healthcare 5.0.

Interference management is an important subject in Device to Device (D2D) communication when underlying a LTE-A cellular band. By default, in LTE-A there is negligible intra-cell interference due to the orthogonality of the subcarriers but this orthogonality will be lost when D2D communication takes place under cellular users (CU). Therefore, one of the key aspects of D2D communication is the set of spectrum bands in which D2D communication takes place. Hence, in this paper we will propose two novel resource allocation (RA) schemes: the first RA scheme (cell level) mitigates the interference between D2D and CU and the second RA scheme (user level or scheduling) schedules the resources in an energy efficient way between D2D and CU. These RA schemes increase the throughput and reduce the overall energy cost per bit of the system. Afterwards, these schemes are compared with the conventional methods and the simulation results show that the proposed schemes obtain higher throughput and save significant amount of energy per bit.

The advances and fast spread of mobile devices and technologies, we witness today, have extended its advantages over medical and health practice supported by mobile devices, giving rise to the growing research of Internet of Things (IoT), especially the e-Health field. The features provided by mobile technologies revealed to be of major importance when we consider the continuous aging of population and the consequent increase of its debilities. In addition to the increase of lifetime span of population, also the increase of health risks and their locomotive impairments increases, requiring a close monitoring and continuous evaluation. Such monitoring should be as noninvasive as possible, in order not to compromise the mobility and the day-to-day activities of citizens. Therefore, we present the development of a noninvasive optical fiber sensor (OFS) architecture adaptable to a shoe sole for plantar pressure remote monitoring, which is suitable to be integrated in an IoT e-Health solution to monitor the well-being of individuals. This paper explores the production of the OFS multiplexed network (using fiber Bragg gratings) to monitor the foot plantar pressure distribution during gait (walking movement). From the acquired gait data, it is possible to infer health conditions of the patient's foot and spine posture. To guarantee the patients mobility, the proposed system consists of an OFS network integrated with a wireless transceiver to enable efficient ubiquitous monitoring of patients. This paper shows the calibration and measurement results, which reflect the accuracy of the proposed system, under normal walking in controlled area.

The highly anticipated 5G network is projected to be introduced in 2020. 5G stakeholders are unanimous that densification of mobile networks is the way forward. Densification will be realized by means of small cell technology and it is capable of providing coverage with a high data capacity. The EU funded H2020-MSCA project “SECRET” introduced covering the urban landscape with mobile small cells since these take advantage of the dynamic network topology and optimizes network services in a cost-effective fashion. By taking advantage of device-to-device communications technology, large amounts of data can be transmitted over multiple hops and therefore offload the general network. However, this introduction of mobile small cells presents various security and privacy challenges. Cryptographic security solutions are capable of solving these as long as they are supported by a key management scheme. It is assumed that network infrastructure and mobile devices from network users are unable to act as a centralized trust anchor since these are vulnerable targets to malicious attacks. Security must therefore be guaranteed by means of a key management scheme which decentralizes trust. Therefore, this article surveys the state-of-the-art key management schemes proposed for similar network architectures (e.g., mobile ad hoc networks and ad hoc device-to-device networks) which decentralizes trust. Furthermore, these key management schemes are evaluated for adoptability in a network of mobile small cells.