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Microgrids in smart grid development create a new era towards resilient energy supply. In turn, They also render complicated cyber-physical system development towards high scalability and comprehensiveness. Heterogeneous Small Cell based Networks (HSCNs) endow a suitable cyber infrastructure for microgrid based cyber-physical systems. To tackle this emerging research area, this paper proposes a S patiotemporal D evice-to-device communication based H S CN D eployment scheme for Microgrid based S mart grid D evelopment (3xSD), to achieve high energy efficiency with high quality-of-service, chronically and dynamically. Concretely, a joint optimization for long-term energy efficiency and achievable data rate maximization with interference mitigation is formulated for spatial small cell positioning, which models both cyber and physical characteristics of Smart Grid User Equipment (SGUE). A Temporal On-demand Small cell Powering and work-Offloading scheme (TOSPO) is proposed on top of the determined small cell positioning. TOSPO considers the real-time heterogeneous features and demands of SGUEs to maximize energy and cost efficiency, for both communication and computation perspectives. To evaluate the performance of 3xSD, spatial analysis, temporal analysis, and selected case study are simulated. Numerical results showcase that 3xSD is capable of providing both long-term and on-demand optimal energy efficiency and quality-of-service solution for microgrids, outperforming existing benchmarks in the literature.
Hao Ran Chi; Maria De Fatima Domingues; Konstantin. I. Kostromitin; Ahmad Almogren; Ayman Radwan. Spatiotemporal D2D Small Cell Allocation and On-Demand Deployment for Microgrids. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 116830 -116844.
AMA StyleHao Ran Chi, Maria De Fatima Domingues, Konstantin. I. Kostromitin, Ahmad Almogren, Ayman Radwan. Spatiotemporal D2D Small Cell Allocation and On-Demand Deployment for Microgrids. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():116830-116844.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHao Ran Chi; Maria De Fatima Domingues; Konstantin. I. Kostromitin; Ahmad Almogren; Ayman Radwan. 2021. "Spatiotemporal D2D Small Cell Allocation and On-Demand Deployment for Microgrids." IEEE Access 9, no. : 116830-116844.
Spirometry enables the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this paper, we present an optical fiber-based device to evaluate the pulmonary capacity of individuals through spirometry. The proposed system consists of an optical fiber containing an intrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) micro-cavity attached to a 3D printed structure that converts the air flow into strain variations to the optical fiber, modulating the FPI spectral response. Besides providing the value of the flow, its direction is also determined, which enables a differentiation between inhale and exhale cycles of breathing. A simulation study was conducted to predict the system behavior with the air flow. The preliminary tests, performed with the FPI-based spirometer led to average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) parameters of 4.40 L and 6.46 L, respectively, with an FEV1/FVC index (used as an airway function index) of 68.5%. An average value of 5.35 L/s was found for the peak expiratory flow (PEF). A comparison between the spirometry tests using the presented FPI system and a commercial electronic device showed that the proposed system is suitable to act as a reliable spirometer.
Ana Catarina Nepomuceno; Tiago Paixão; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Sérgio De Brito André; Paulo Antunes; M. Fátima Domingues. Optical Fiber Fabry–Perot Interferometer Based Spirometer: Design and Performance Evaluation. Photonics 2021, 8, 336 .
AMA StyleAna Catarina Nepomuceno, Tiago Paixão, Nélia Alberto, Paulo Sérgio De Brito André, Paulo Antunes, M. Fátima Domingues. Optical Fiber Fabry–Perot Interferometer Based Spirometer: Design and Performance Evaluation. Photonics. 2021; 8 (8):336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Catarina Nepomuceno; Tiago Paixão; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Sérgio De Brito André; Paulo Antunes; M. Fátima Domingues. 2021. "Optical Fiber Fabry–Perot Interferometer Based Spirometer: Design and Performance Evaluation." Photonics 8, no. 8: 336.
We report on a simple and cost-effective sensing scheme for humidity and temperature sensing, based on the generation of optical Vernier effect using two different fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometers (FFPIs). By using an insensitive reference FFPI (rFFPI) and a sensitive FFPI (sFFPI) fabricated by hot and cold splicing methods, respectively, the complexity associated with the inherent traditional isolation schemes was mitigated, allowing to attain the maximum sensitivities of −2.69 nm/°C and −2.4 nm/% for temperature and relative humidity, respectively. The sensor’s performance combined with its simple and customizable configuration makes it a suitable option for applications with high-resolution requirements.
Ricardo Ferreira; Tiago Paixao; Guilherme Lopes; M. Fatima Domingues; Ricardo Oliveira; Paulo Antunes. Vernier Effect-Based Optical Fiber Sensor for Humidity and Temperature Monitoring. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 2021, 33, 1061 -1064.
AMA StyleRicardo Ferreira, Tiago Paixao, Guilherme Lopes, M. Fatima Domingues, Ricardo Oliveira, Paulo Antunes. Vernier Effect-Based Optical Fiber Sensor for Humidity and Temperature Monitoring. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. 2021; 33 (19):1061-1064.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Ferreira; Tiago Paixao; Guilherme Lopes; M. Fatima Domingues; Ricardo Oliveira; Paulo Antunes. 2021. "Vernier Effect-Based Optical Fiber Sensor for Humidity and Temperature Monitoring." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 33, no. 19: 1061-1064.
Fiber to the home networks plays a substantial role in helping operators to satisfy the increasing bandwidth demands of their subscribers. The dissemination of these networks brings new challenges, mainly in terms of the reliability of the optical fibers, especially when deployed in aggressive environments. In this work, we study the aging behavior of optical fibers in the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions, which can be a good indicator for the worst-case scenario of fiber deployed in seashore areas. In this perspective, the tensile stress behavior of the aged fibers was analyzed, and its lifetime was estimated, indicating an accentuated decrease in the lifetime, with the increase of the aging period, from the typically predicted 40 years down to near ~2 years.
M. Fátima Domingues; Marco Granada; Paulo S. André. Lifetime prediction for optical fibers aged in sodium chlorine aquoses solutions: Directions for deployment in seashore regions. Optical Fiber Technology 2020, 60, 102370 .
AMA StyleM. Fátima Domingues, Marco Granada, Paulo S. André. Lifetime prediction for optical fibers aged in sodium chlorine aquoses solutions: Directions for deployment in seashore regions. Optical Fiber Technology. 2020; 60 ():102370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Fátima Domingues; Marco Granada; Paulo S. André. 2020. "Lifetime prediction for optical fibers aged in sodium chlorine aquoses solutions: Directions for deployment in seashore regions." Optical Fiber Technology 60, no. : 102370.
The evaluation of lungs functionality enables the diagnose and monitoring of several pulmonary disorders. Spirometry is an established technique for pulmonary function tests, which provides information about several respiratory parameters, such as the forced vital capacity (FVC), corresponding to the maximum volume of expired air; the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), which is the volume of exhaled air after the first second of the forced respiratory maneuver; the peak expiratory flow (PEF), representing the maximum flow of exhaled air during the maneuver; and the ratio of FEV1/FVC. In this work, a spirometer based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), integrated in a 3D printed structure is proposed. The dynamics and magnitude of the air flow are determined through the resultant strain variations applied on the FBG sensor, along with the differentiation between the inhalation and exhalation phases. The air flow temperature effect was evaluated and its compensation was also performed for the accuracy of the results. The performance of the reported system was theoretically analyzed and experimentally tested. The implementation results were compared to the ones obtained with a commercial handheld spirometer, to assess the accuracy of the developed device. The accordance in the values obtained proved the suitability of the developed system to act as a reliable spirometer.
Ana Catarina Nepomuceno; Nelia Alberto; Paulo Andre; Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes; Maria De Fatima Domingues. 3D Printed Spirometer for Pulmonary Health Assessment Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings. IEEE Sensors Journal 2020, 21, 4590 -4598.
AMA StyleAna Catarina Nepomuceno, Nelia Alberto, Paulo Andre, Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes, Maria De Fatima Domingues. 3D Printed Spirometer for Pulmonary Health Assessment Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2020; 21 (4):4590-4598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Catarina Nepomuceno; Nelia Alberto; Paulo Andre; Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes; Maria De Fatima Domingues. 2020. "3D Printed Spirometer for Pulmonary Health Assessment Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings." IEEE Sensors Journal 21, no. 4: 4590-4598.
In the last decades, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have become increasingly attractive to medical applications due to their unique properties such as small size, biocompatibility, immunity to electromagnetic interferences, high sensitivity and multiplexing capability. FBGs have been employed in the development of surgical tools, assistive devices, wearables, and biosensors, showing great potentialities for medical uses. This paper reviews the FBG-based measuring systems, their principle of work, and their applications in medicine and healthcare. Particular attention is given to sensing solutions for biomechanics, minimally invasive surgery, physiological monitoring, and medical biosensing. Strengths, weaknesses, open challenges, and future trends are also discussed to highlight how FBGs can meet the demands of nextgeneration medical devices and healthcare system.
Daniela Lo Presti; Carlo Massaroni; Catia Sofia Jorge Leitao; Maria De Fatima Domingues; Marzhan Sypabekova; David Barrera; Ignazio Floris; Luca Massari; Calogero Maria Oddo; Salvador Sales; Iulian Ioan Iordachita; Daniele Tosi; Emiliano Schena. Fiber Bragg Gratings for Medical Applications and Future Challenges: A Review. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 156863 -156888.
AMA StyleDaniela Lo Presti, Carlo Massaroni, Catia Sofia Jorge Leitao, Maria De Fatima Domingues, Marzhan Sypabekova, David Barrera, Ignazio Floris, Luca Massari, Calogero Maria Oddo, Salvador Sales, Iulian Ioan Iordachita, Daniele Tosi, Emiliano Schena. Fiber Bragg Gratings for Medical Applications and Future Challenges: A Review. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):156863-156888.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Lo Presti; Carlo Massaroni; Catia Sofia Jorge Leitao; Maria De Fatima Domingues; Marzhan Sypabekova; David Barrera; Ignazio Floris; Luca Massari; Calogero Maria Oddo; Salvador Sales; Iulian Ioan Iordachita; Daniele Tosi; Emiliano Schena. 2020. "Fiber Bragg Gratings for Medical Applications and Future Challenges: A Review." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 156863-156888.
The continuous advances in sensing and telecommunications fields have boosted the development of new technologies towards the improvement of healthcare systems. This drive of knowledge is required to address the rise of life expectancy of an ageing population with increased associated physical impairments, in order to ease the burden on already stressed healthcare systems. Towards such objective, this paper explores the use of a wearable optical fiber based solution for the ankle plantar-dorsi-flexion monitoring, to be used in the evaluation of the progress of physical rehabilitation therapies. The proposed device is a non-invasive, small size and easy to use solution, based on a cost-effective in-line Fabry-Perot interferometer, complemented with new dynamic interrogation techniques that allow the angular monitoring of the ankle-shank joint during gait (walking). The designed and produced wearable solution was calibrated and tested in a laboratory environment, with promising results that prove the accuracy of the wearable device, as it falls within the expected pattern of an ankle plantar-dorsi-flexion movement during gait. The developed system can be used for rehabilitation therapies monitoring, to be integrated in exoskeletons or applied for athletes’ performance analysis and optimization, during injury recovery.
Maria De Fatima Domingues; Vasco Rosa; Ana Catarina Nepomuceno; Catia Tavares; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Andre; Ayman Radwan; Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes. Wearable Devices for Remote Physical Rehabilitation Using a Fabry-Perot Optical Fiber Sensor: Ankle Joint Kinematic. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 109866 -109875.
AMA StyleMaria De Fatima Domingues, Vasco Rosa, Ana Catarina Nepomuceno, Catia Tavares, Nélia Alberto, Paulo Andre, Ayman Radwan, Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes. Wearable Devices for Remote Physical Rehabilitation Using a Fabry-Perot Optical Fiber Sensor: Ankle Joint Kinematic. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():109866-109875.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria De Fatima Domingues; Vasco Rosa; Ana Catarina Nepomuceno; Catia Tavares; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Andre; Ayman Radwan; Paulo Fernando Da Costa Antunes. 2020. "Wearable Devices for Remote Physical Rehabilitation Using a Fabry-Perot Optical Fiber Sensor: Ankle Joint Kinematic." IEEE Access 8, no. : 109866-109875.
In this work, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensing system for wheelchair pressure ulcer prevention was developed. Six FBGs were strategically positioned in a wheelchair to monitor the more prominent bone areas, namely scapulas (right (SR) and left (SL)), ischiatic zone (right (IR) and left (IL)), and heels (right (HR) and left (HL)). The sensing architecture was tested by a female user during pressure relief exercises, to verify its effectiveness on pressure monitoring. The proposed system proves to be a compact and reliable solution for wheelchair pressure ulcer prevention, making it a suitable alternative to existing conventional electronic sensors, with the advantage of being immune to electromagnetic interferences and usable in humid environments. In addition to the pressure, the breathing rate was also monitored. By combining the proposed sensing architecture with a wheelchair user detection software, it is possible to create alerts for the user to know when a new position should be adopted, in order to relieve the pressure in a specific area, thus avoiding one of the biggest problems for such patients, pressure ulcers.
Cátia Tavares; M. Fátima Domingues; Tiago Paixão; Nélia Alberto; Hugo Silva; Paulo Antunes. Wheelchair Pressure Ulcer Prevention Using FBG Based Sensing Devices. Sensors 2019, 20, 212 .
AMA StyleCátia Tavares, M. Fátima Domingues, Tiago Paixão, Nélia Alberto, Hugo Silva, Paulo Antunes. Wheelchair Pressure Ulcer Prevention Using FBG Based Sensing Devices. Sensors. 2019; 20 (1):212.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCátia Tavares; M. Fátima Domingues; Tiago Paixão; Nélia Alberto; Hugo Silva; Paulo Antunes. 2019. "Wheelchair Pressure Ulcer Prevention Using FBG Based Sensing Devices." Sensors 20, no. 1: 212.
Fabry–Perot interferometric (FPI) sensors are an accurate and well-established sensing technology that are used to monitor a wide range of parameters such as strain, temperature, and refractive index, among many others. Nevertheless, due to the limited number and high cost of existing interrogation techniques for FPIs, its use is often restricted to discrete measurements, not being so explored for dynamic applications. The development of an alternative interrogation technique for a high rate of acquisition may propel this type of sensor into less explored fields such as dynamic biomedical applications. In this work, we present the theoretical and experimental analyses of an FPI sensing architecture by using an alternative high rate dynamic acquisition methodology, based on frequency to amplitude conversion, where the FPI spectral shift is detuned by the convolution of the optical light source with the FPI interference pattern. The good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results verified the reliability of the proposed methodology. Moreover, preliminary results show that the developed sensing architecture can be a suitable solution to monitor biomedical parameters such as the carotid pulse wave.
M. Fátima Domingues; Cátia Tavares; Nélia Alberto; Ayman Radwan; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. High Rate Dynamic Monitoring with Fabry–Perot Interferometric Sensors: An Alternative Interrogation Technique Targeting Biomedical Applications. Sensors 2019, 19, 4744 .
AMA StyleM. Fátima Domingues, Cátia Tavares, Nélia Alberto, Ayman Radwan, Paulo André, Paulo Antunes. High Rate Dynamic Monitoring with Fabry–Perot Interferometric Sensors: An Alternative Interrogation Technique Targeting Biomedical Applications. Sensors. 2019; 19 (21):4744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Fátima Domingues; Cátia Tavares; Nélia Alberto; Ayman Radwan; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. 2019. "High Rate Dynamic Monitoring with Fabry–Perot Interferometric Sensors: An Alternative Interrogation Technique Targeting Biomedical Applications." Sensors 19, no. 21: 4744.
The purpose of this study was to compare the linear polymerization shrinkage of different restorative resin-based composites (RBCs) using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. Five RBCs were evaluated: Zirconfill® (ZFL); Aura Bulk-Fill (ABF); Tetric® N-Ceram Bulk-Fill (TBF); FiltekTM Bulk-Fill (FBF); and Admira Fusion-Ormocer® (ADF). Ten samples per resin were produced in standardized custom-made half-gutter silicone molds. Two optical FBG sensors were used to assess temperature and polymerization shrinkage. Light curing was performed for 40 s and polymerization shrinkage was evaluated at 5, 10, 40, 60, 150, and 300 s. Statistical analysis was accomplished for normal distribution (Shapiro-Wilk, p > 0.05). Two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test was used to analyze the linear shrinkage data (p < 0.05). ZFL showed the highest linear shrinkage and ADF the lowest. Shrinkage increased for all RBCs until 300 s, where significant differences were found between ADF and all other resins (p < 0.05). Among bulk-fill RBCs, TBF showed the lowest shrinkage value, but not statistically different from FBF. The ADF presented lower linear shrinkage than all other RBCs, and restorative bulk-fill composites exhibited an intermediate behavior.
Rodrigo Lins; Alexandra Vinagre; Nélia Alberto; Maria F. Domingues; Ana Messias; Luís R. Martins; Rogério Nogueira; João C. Ramos. Polymerization Shrinkage Evaluation of Restorative Resin-Based Composites Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors. Polymers 2019, 11, 859 .
AMA StyleRodrigo Lins, Alexandra Vinagre, Nélia Alberto, Maria F. Domingues, Ana Messias, Luís R. Martins, Rogério Nogueira, João C. Ramos. Polymerization Shrinkage Evaluation of Restorative Resin-Based Composites Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors. Polymers. 2019; 11 (5):859.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodrigo Lins; Alexandra Vinagre; Nélia Alberto; Maria F. Domingues; Ana Messias; Luís R. Martins; Rogério Nogueira; João C. Ramos. 2019. "Polymerization Shrinkage Evaluation of Restorative Resin-Based Composites Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors." Polymers 11, no. 5: 859.
Nowadays, the fast advances in sensing technologies and ubiquitous wireless networking are reflected in medical practice. It provides new healthcare advantages under the scope of e-Health applications, enhancing life quality of citizens. The increase of life expectancy of current population comes with its challenges and growing health risks, which include locomotive problems. Such impairments and its rehabilitation require a close monitoring and continuous evaluation, which add financial burdens on an already overloaded healthcare system. Analysis of body movements and gait pattern can help in the rehabilitation of such problems. These monitoring systems should be noninvasive and comfortable, in order to not jeopardize the mobility and the day-to-day activities of citizens. The use of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as e-Health enablers has presented itself as a new topic to be investigated, exploiting the FBGs’ advantages over its electronic counterparts. Although gait analysis has been widely assessed, the use of FBGs in biomechanics and rehabilitation is recent, with a wide field of applications. This chapter provides a review of the application of FBGs for gait analysis monitoring, namely its use in topics such as the monitoring of plantar pressure, angle, and torsion and its integration in rehabilitation exoskeletons and for prosthetic control.
Maria De Fátima Domingues; Cátia Tavares; Tiago Leite; Nélia Alberto; C. Leitao; Carlos Marques; Ayman Radwan; Eduardo Rocon; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André. Fiber Bragg Gratings as e-Health Enablers: An Overview for Gait Analysis Applications. Applications of Optical Fibers for Sensing 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleMaria De Fátima Domingues, Cátia Tavares, Tiago Leite, Nélia Alberto, C. Leitao, Carlos Marques, Ayman Radwan, Eduardo Rocon, Paulo Antunes, Paulo André. Fiber Bragg Gratings as e-Health Enablers: An Overview for Gait Analysis Applications. Applications of Optical Fibers for Sensing. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria De Fátima Domingues; Cátia Tavares; Tiago Leite; Nélia Alberto; C. Leitao; Carlos Marques; Ayman Radwan; Eduardo Rocon; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André. 2019. "Fiber Bragg Gratings as e-Health Enablers: An Overview for Gait Analysis Applications." Applications of Optical Fibers for Sensing , no. : 1.
Internet of things (IoT) devices heavily rely on wireless connectivity. There are intrinsic overlooked limitations such as reach, availability, security and safety vulnerabilities closely associated with wireless solutions. Wired connectivity is the alternative to tackle those issues, and optical fibers directly connecting IoT devices could provide them unique features such as huge bandwidth, long reach, signal integrity and high security grade for the transmitted information. Nevertheless, it can be prohibitive for IoT devices which are power hungry and have costly electrical-to-optical conversions. In this paper, first, a niche is identified for IoT over fiber (IoToF) based on fully passive optical solutions for long reach upstream of low data rate optical connectivity over dark fibers. Then, we proposed, implemented and characterized a prototype physical connectivity (PHY) based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) low-cost acousto-optic modulation at IoT devices and respective optical edge-filtering as wavelength discriminator at the receiver. Finally, we performed an experimental demonstration of upstream data communication based on simple M-ary frequency-shift keying (FSK), with baud rate of 300 bps transmitted over 30 km range. In terms of data rate and reach for niche applications, IoToF can outperform traditional wireless technologies, such as Sigfox or LoRa. IoToF will enable monitoring urban areas with scarce and polluted spectrum, industrial areas requiring intrinsic safety, and upstreaming data from IoT devices in remote locations with unfavorable wireless propagation but with dark fibers available.
Camilo A. R. Díaz; Cátia Leitão; Carlos A. Marques; Nélia Alberto; M. Fátima Domingues; Tiago Ribeiro; Maria J. Pontes; Anselmo Frizera; Paulo F.C. Antunes; Paulo S. André; Moisés R.N. Ribeiro. IoToF: A Long-Reach Fully Passive Low-Rate Upstream PHY for IoT over Fiber. Electronics 2019, 8, 359 .
AMA StyleCamilo A. R. Díaz, Cátia Leitão, Carlos A. Marques, Nélia Alberto, M. Fátima Domingues, Tiago Ribeiro, Maria J. Pontes, Anselmo Frizera, Paulo F.C. Antunes, Paulo S. André, Moisés R.N. Ribeiro. IoToF: A Long-Reach Fully Passive Low-Rate Upstream PHY for IoT over Fiber. Electronics. 2019; 8 (3):359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilo A. R. Díaz; Cátia Leitão; Carlos A. Marques; Nélia Alberto; M. Fátima Domingues; Tiago Ribeiro; Maria J. Pontes; Anselmo Frizera; Paulo F.C. Antunes; Paulo S. André; Moisés R.N. Ribeiro. 2019. "IoToF: A Long-Reach Fully Passive Low-Rate Upstream PHY for IoT over Fiber." Electronics 8, no. 3: 359.
Joana Martins; Camilo A. R. Diaz; M. Fatima Domingues; Rute A. S. Ferreira; Paulo Antunes; Paulo S. Andre; Camilo Rodriguez; Fatima Domingues. Low-Cost and High-Performance Optical Fiber-Based Sensor for Liquid Level Monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal 2019, 19, 4882 -4888.
AMA StyleJoana Martins, Camilo A. R. Diaz, M. Fatima Domingues, Rute A. S. Ferreira, Paulo Antunes, Paulo S. Andre, Camilo Rodriguez, Fatima Domingues. Low-Cost and High-Performance Optical Fiber-Based Sensor for Liquid Level Monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019; 19 (13):4882-4888.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoana Martins; Camilo A. R. Diaz; M. Fatima Domingues; Rute A. S. Ferreira; Paulo Antunes; Paulo S. Andre; Camilo Rodriguez; Fatima Domingues. 2019. "Low-Cost and High-Performance Optical Fiber-Based Sensor for Liquid Level Monitoring." IEEE Sensors Journal 19, no. 13: 4882-4888.
Magnetic field sensing is an important issue for many application areas, such as in the military, industry and navigation. The current sensors used to monitor this parameter can be susceptible to electromagnetic interferences, however due to their advantages over the traditional sensors, the optical fiber devices could be an excellent alternative. Furthermore, magnetic fluid (MF) is a new type of functional material which possesses outstanding properties, including Faraday effect, birefringence, tunable refractive index and field dependent transmission. In this paper, the optical fiber magnetic field sensors using MF as sensing element are reviewed. Due to the extensive literature, only the most used sensing configurations are addressed and discussed, which include optical fiber grating, interferometry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other schemes involving tailored (etched, tapered and U-shaped) fibers.
Nélia Alberto; Maria Fátima Domingues; Carlos Marques; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors Based on Magnetic Fluid: A Review. Sensors 2018, 18, 4325 .
AMA StyleNélia Alberto, Maria Fátima Domingues, Carlos Marques, Paulo André, Paulo Antunes. Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors Based on Magnetic Fluid: A Review. Sensors. 2018; 18 (12):4325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNélia Alberto; Maria Fátima Domingues; Carlos Marques; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. 2018. "Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors Based on Magnetic Fluid: A Review." Sensors 18, no. 12: 4325.
Advantages like electromagnetic field immunity, fracture toughness, high strain limits, flexibility in bending and impact resistance of polymer optical fibers (POFs) are beneficial for applications that involve embedment in flexible structures. Since insoles are one of these flexible structures that may be used in different wearable applications, POFs can be applied and this paper proposes the application of POF sensors in insole instrumentation with two different approaches: intensity variation-based and polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings (POFBGs). Results show that both approaches present low errors with root mean squared errors (RMSEs) of 45.17 kPa for the plantar pressure monitoring with the POFBG-based insole and 5.30 N for the ground reaction force measurement with the intensity variation sensors. These results demonstrate the feasibility of POF sensors applications in flexible structures and in wearable applications such as insoles and soft robotics instrumentation.
Arnaldo G. Leal-Junior; Antreas Theodosiou; Anselmo Frizera; Maria F. Domingues; Cátia Leitão; Kyriacos Kalli; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes; Maria José Pontes; Carlos Marques. Polymer Optical Fiber Sensors Approaches for Insole Instrumentation. Biosystems & Biorobotics 2018, 470 -474.
AMA StyleArnaldo G. Leal-Junior, Antreas Theodosiou, Anselmo Frizera, Maria F. Domingues, Cátia Leitão, Kyriacos Kalli, Paulo André, Paulo Antunes, Maria José Pontes, Carlos Marques. Polymer Optical Fiber Sensors Approaches for Insole Instrumentation. Biosystems & Biorobotics. 2018; ():470-474.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArnaldo G. Leal-Junior; Antreas Theodosiou; Anselmo Frizera; Maria F. Domingues; Cátia Leitão; Kyriacos Kalli; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes; Maria José Pontes; Carlos Marques. 2018. "Polymer Optical Fiber Sensors Approaches for Insole Instrumentation." Biosystems & Biorobotics , no. : 470-474.
This paper proposed an inexpensive high contrast in-line micro-cavity interferometer for edge-filter strain and temperature interrogation of a fiber Bragg grating sensor. The simulation model is presented in order to describe the sensor behavior which strongly agrees with the experimental results with a mean error lower than 0.04%. The results show evidences of high repeatability and stability achieved in measurements of strain and temperature from 0-1440 μμStrain and 5 °C°C to 50 °C°C, respectively.
Camilo Diaz; Carlos Marques; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Moisés R.N. Ribeiro; Anselmo Frizera Neto; Maria Pontes; Paulo S. André; Paulo Antunes. A cost-effective edge-filter based FBG interrogator using catastrophic fuse effect micro-cavity interferometers. Measurement 2018, 124, 486 -493.
AMA StyleCamilo Diaz, Carlos Marques, Maria De Fátima F. Domingues, Moisés R.N. Ribeiro, Anselmo Frizera Neto, Maria Pontes, Paulo S. André, Paulo Antunes. A cost-effective edge-filter based FBG interrogator using catastrophic fuse effect micro-cavity interferometers. Measurement. 2018; 124 ():486-493.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilo Diaz; Carlos Marques; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Moisés R.N. Ribeiro; Anselmo Frizera Neto; Maria Pontes; Paulo S. André; Paulo Antunes. 2018. "A cost-effective edge-filter based FBG interrogator using catastrophic fuse effect micro-cavity interferometers." Measurement 124, no. : 486-493.
This Letter demonstrates the application of polymer optical fibers (POFs) damaged by the fiber fuse effect to curvature sensing and dynamic angular monitoring. The curvature sensing performance using the fused-POF is compared to POF without the fuse effect. Both POFs are submitted to angles of up to 90 deg in flexion/extension cycles with angular velocities ranging from 0.48 rad/s to 5.61 rad/s. The fused POF is found to show higher performance with respect to sensitivity, correlation coefficient with linear regression, and hysteresis. For instance, at the angular velocity of 0.48 rad/s, the fused POF shows >3 times higher sensitivity and significantly lower hysteresis than those of the non-fused POF. In addition, the fused POFs have lower cross-sensitivity and hysteresis variations on the tests with different angular velocities. These results indicate that the fused POFs are potential candidates to develop curvature sensors with various advantages over non-fused POFs, for applications such as gait analysis and wearable robotics.
Arnaldo Leal-Junior; Anselmo Frizera; Heeyoung Lee; Yosuke Mizuno; Kentaro Nakamura; Cátia Leitão; Maria Fátima Domingues; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André; Carlos Marques; Maria Jose Pontes. Design and characterization of a curvature sensor using fused polymer optical fibers. Optics Letters 2018, 43, 2539 -2542.
AMA StyleArnaldo Leal-Junior, Anselmo Frizera, Heeyoung Lee, Yosuke Mizuno, Kentaro Nakamura, Cátia Leitão, Maria Fátima Domingues, Nélia Alberto, Paulo Antunes, Paulo André, Carlos Marques, Maria Jose Pontes. Design and characterization of a curvature sensor using fused polymer optical fibers. Optics Letters. 2018; 43 (11):2539-2542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArnaldo Leal-Junior; Anselmo Frizera; Heeyoung Lee; Yosuke Mizuno; Kentaro Nakamura; Cátia Leitão; Maria Fátima Domingues; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André; Carlos Marques; Maria Jose Pontes. 2018. "Design and characterization of a curvature sensor using fused polymer optical fibers." Optics Letters 43, no. 11: 2539-2542.
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in the world and its occurrence is closely related to arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness is commonly evaluated by analysing the arterial pulse waveform and velocity, with electromechanical pressure transducers, in superficial arteries such as carotid, radial and femoral. In order to ease the acquisition procedure and increase the patients comfort during the measurements, new optical fibre techniques have been explored to be used in the reliable detection of arterial pulse waves, due to their small size, high sensitivity, electrical isolation and immunity to electromagnetic interference. More specifically, fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) are refractive index modulated structures engraved in the core of an optical fibre, which have a well-defined resonance wavelength that varies with the strain conditions of the medium, known as Bragg wavelength. In this work, FBGs were embedded in a commercial resin, producing films that were used to assess the arterial pulse in superficial locations such as carotid, radial and foot dorsum. The technique proved to be a promising, comfortable and trustworthy way to assess the arterial pulses, with all the optical fibre use advantages, in a non-intrusive biomedical sensing procedure. Examples of possible applications of the developed structures are smart skin structures to monitor arterial cardiovascular parameters, in a stable and reliable way, throughout daily activities or even during exams with high electromagnetic fields, such as magnetic resonance imaging.
Cátia J. Leitão; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Cátia Tavares; João Lemos Pinto; Carlos Marques; Paulo Antunes; Susana Novais. Arterial pulses assessed with FBG based films: a smart skin approach. Nanophotonics VII 2018, 10685, 106852S .
AMA StyleCátia J. Leitão, Maria De Fátima F. Domingues, Cátia Tavares, João Lemos Pinto, Carlos Marques, Paulo Antunes, Susana Novais. Arterial pulses assessed with FBG based films: a smart skin approach. Nanophotonics VII. 2018; 10685 ():106852S.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCátia J. Leitão; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Cátia Tavares; João Lemos Pinto; Carlos Marques; Paulo Antunes; Susana Novais. 2018. "Arterial pulses assessed with FBG based films: a smart skin approach." Nanophotonics VII 10685, no. : 106852S.
This work consists on the design and implementation of a compact and accurate biaxial optical fiber sensor (OFS) based on two in-line fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for the simultaneous measurement of shear and vertical forces. The two FBGs were inscribed in the same optical fiber and placed individually in two adjacent cavities. In the calibration and performance tests, the response from the optical fiber cells was compared with the values given by a three-axial electronic force sensor. Sensitivity values obtained for the FBG1 are K1V= (14.15±0.10) pm/N (vertical force) and K1S= (-26.02±0.08) pm/N (shear force) and for the FBG2 are K2V= (7.35±0.02) pm/N and K2S= (-24.29±0.08) pm/N. The conversion of the Bragg wavelength shift, given by the optical fiber sensors, into the shear and vertical force values is also presented along with its comparison to the values retrieved by an electronic sensor, yielding to low RMSE values, which shows the high accuracy of the algorithm applied. This work stands out from the others with optical fiber by the simplicity of its structure. The proposed solution represents a compact and reliable device for simultaneous measurement of shear and vertical forces, useful in several areas, such as: incorporation into insoles for plantar pressure and shear force measurement; electronic skin technologies; smart rehabilitation robotic exoskeletons; or even biomimetic prosthesis.
Catia Tavares; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Anselmo Frizera Neto; Cátia Leitão; Nélia Alberto; Carlos F. Marques; Ayman Radwan; Eduardo Rocon; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. Biaxial optical fiber sensor based in two multiplexed Bragg gratings for simultaneous shear stress and vertical pressure monitoring. Optical Sensing and Detection V 2018, 10680, 106802R .
AMA StyleCatia Tavares, Maria De Fátima F. Domingues, Anselmo Frizera Neto, Cátia Leitão, Nélia Alberto, Carlos F. Marques, Ayman Radwan, Eduardo Rocon, Paulo André, Paulo Antunes. Biaxial optical fiber sensor based in two multiplexed Bragg gratings for simultaneous shear stress and vertical pressure monitoring. Optical Sensing and Detection V. 2018; 10680 ():106802R.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCatia Tavares; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Anselmo Frizera Neto; Cátia Leitão; Nélia Alberto; Carlos F. Marques; Ayman Radwan; Eduardo Rocon; Paulo André; Paulo Antunes. 2018. "Biaxial optical fiber sensor based in two multiplexed Bragg gratings for simultaneous shear stress and vertical pressure monitoring." Optical Sensing and Detection V 10680, no. : 106802R.
This paper presents the characterization of polymer optical fibers (POFs) submitted to the catastrophic fuse effect towards intensity-variation-based sensing of strain, transverse force, temperature, and moisture. In the experiments, POFs with and without the fuse effect are tested and the results are compared with respect to the sensitivity, linearity, and root mean squared error (RMSE). The fused POFs have higher linearity and lower RMSE than non-fused POFs in strain and transverse force sensing. Also, the sensitivity of the fused POFs is higher in transverse force and temperature sensing, which can be related to the higher sensitivity to the curvature that the transverse force creates on the POF and to the more significant variations of the refractive index with temperature increase. Additionally, the fused POFs present lower moisture absorption than the non-fused POFs. The presented results indicate a great potential of the fused POFs intensity-variation-based sensing applications of various physical parameters.
Arnaldo Leal Junior; Anselmo Frizera; Heeyoung Lee; Yosuke Mizuno; Kentaro Nakamura; Tiago Paixão; Cátia Leitão; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André; Carlos Marques; Maria Pontes. Strain, temperature, moisture, and transverse force sensing using fused polymer optical fibers. Optics Express 2018, 26, 12939 -12947.
AMA StyleArnaldo Leal Junior, Anselmo Frizera, Heeyoung Lee, Yosuke Mizuno, Kentaro Nakamura, Tiago Paixão, Cátia Leitão, Maria De Fátima F. Domingues, Nélia Alberto, Paulo Antunes, Paulo André, Carlos Marques, Maria Pontes. Strain, temperature, moisture, and transverse force sensing using fused polymer optical fibers. Optics Express. 2018; 26 (10):12939-12947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArnaldo Leal Junior; Anselmo Frizera; Heeyoung Lee; Yosuke Mizuno; Kentaro Nakamura; Tiago Paixão; Cátia Leitão; Maria De Fátima F. Domingues; Nélia Alberto; Paulo Antunes; Paulo André; Carlos Marques; Maria Pontes. 2018. "Strain, temperature, moisture, and transverse force sensing using fused polymer optical fibers." Optics Express 26, no. 10: 12939-12947.