The development of additive manufacturing techniques has made it possible to produce porous structures with complex geometry with unique properties as potential candidates for energy absorption, heat dissipation, biomedical, and vibration control application. Recently, there has been increased interest in additively manufacturing porous structures based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) topology. In this paper, the mechanical properties and energy absorption abilities of cylindrical mapped TPMS structures with shell gyroid unit cells fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) with 316L stainless steel under compression loading were investigated. Based on the experimental study, it was found that tested structures exhibited two different deformation modes. There is also a relationship between the number and shapes of unit cells in the structure and the elastic modulus, yield strength, plateau stress, and energy absorption. These results can be used to design and manufacture more efficient lightweight parts lattices for energy absorbing applications, e.g., in the field of biomedical and bumpers applications. The deformation mode for each tested sample was also presented on the records obtained from the ARAMIS system.

The results of grinding are highly dependent on conditions of workpiece removal process. The material is removed by an unspecified number of abrasive grains of irregular shape and random distribution on the grinding wheel active surface. The interaction between the abrasive grain and the workpiece can be divided into three stages: (i) rubbing, (ii) ploughing and (iii) chip formation. Reciprocal contribution of each stage is dependent on the properties of the workpiece, the grinding parameters, the friction condition between the abrasive grain and the workpiece and the shape of the grains. In the article, the results of numerical and experimental process in the analysis of grinding of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, using a conventional grinding wheel and a newly developed grinding wheel with aggregates of grains, were presented. The analysis of influence of the geometric parameters of the abrasive aggregates and the abrasive grains on the effectiveness of the workpiece removal process is presented. The effects of the geometrical parameters of grains and abrasive aggregates in direction of motion as well as in transversal direction on the size of ridges were determined. It has been observed that increase of the length of sideway material displacement results in the decrease of ridge formation. The results of a numerical analysis were confirmed by experimental research. The analysis of the impact of utilization of abrasive aggregates on the grinding forces, grinding-specific energy and surface roughness was performed. The impact of abrasive aggregates on the decrease of grinding forces and specific energy and the increase of quality of ground surface was observed.

Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are structures inspired by nature with unique properties. Numerous studies confirm the possibility of using TPMS structures for heat dissipation, mass transport, and biomedical and energy absorption applications. In this study, the compressive behavior, overall deformation mode, mechanical properties, and energy absorption ability of Diamond TPMS cylindrical structures produced by selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel powder were investigated. Based on the experimental studies, it was found that tested structures exhibited different cell strut deformation mechanisms (bending-dominated and stretch-dominated) and overall deformation modes (uniform and “layer-by-layer”) depending on structural parameters. Consequently, the structural parameters had an impact on the mechanical properties and the energy absorption ability. The evaluation of basic absorption parameters shows the advantage of bending-dominated Diamond TPMS cylindrical structures in comparison with stretch-dominated Diamond TPMS cylindrical structures. However, their elastic modulus and yield strength were lower. Comparative analysis with the author’s previous work showed a slight advantage for bending-dominated Diamond TPMS cylindrical structures in comparison with Gyroid TPMS cylindrical structures. The results of this research can be used to design and manufacture more efficient, lightweight components for energy absorption applications in the fields of healthcare, transportation, and aerospace.

The article presents a new methodology for modelling the influence of parameters and conditions of surface grinding process on the value of roughness and grinding forces. Grinding processes are characterised by numerous factors influencing results of the process with a complex mechanism of the cumulative effects of their interactions. Therefore, authors for the development of the model used an artificial neural network. The input parameters of the model, apart from the processing parameters, were the properties of the workpiece and features of the grinding wheel. In the selection process of the neural model structure, an evaluation criterion was proposed which included the character of the influence of processing parameters on the resultant values of the grinding process for the given pair workpiece–tool. A high ability to data generalisation by the developed neural model was demonstrated.

Additive manufacturing from metal powders using selective laser melting technology is gaining increasing interest in various industries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of changes in process parameter values on the relative density, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy samples. The experiment was conducted in response to a noticeable gap in the research on the manufacturability of the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy in SLM technology. This topic is significant given the growing interest in this alloy for biomedical applications. The results of this study indicate that by properly selecting the volumetric energy density (VED), the relative density of the material produced and the surface roughness of the components can be effectively influenced. Microstructural analyses revealed similar patterns in both alloys manufactured under similar conditions, characterized by columnar β phase grains with needle-like α’ phases. Increasing the VED increased the tensile strength of the fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloy components, while the opposite effect was observed for components fabricated from Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy. At the same time, Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy parts featured higher elongation values, which is desirable from the perspective of biomedical applications.

Modeling of material displacements in the microcutting zone is complex due to the number and interdependence of factors affecting the results of the process. An important problem in the modeling process is the selection of the constitutive model and its parameters, which will correctly describe the properties of the material under the conditions of triaxial compression, which is characteristic for the areas of the contact zone of the blade and the processed material in abrasive machining processes. The aim of the work was to develop computer models (with the use of the finite element method) of the microcutting process with a single abrasive grain, which were verified with the results of experimental tests. The paper presents the methodology of modeling the processes of microcutting with abrasive grains, whose geometrical models were created based on optical scanning methods. Observations of the microcutting process were carried out with the use of a high-speed camera and an optical profilometer. This enabled a detailed observation of the chip formation process, as well as the analysis of the surface topography of microcutting traces. The results presented in the paper indicate the convergence of the results of the numerical and experimental simulations with regard to the geometric parameters describing the scratches formed in the microcutting process and the compliance of the chip-forming process. Thus, the correctness of the selection of the constitutive model (Johnson Cook equation) and its parameters was demonstrated, as well as the correctness of the applied methodology for creating a geometric model that allowed for a reflection of the geometrical parameters of the abrasive grains that coincided with the real objects, thanks to which it was possible to reflect in detail the phenomena occurring in the vicinity of the abrasive grain tip.