Background There are characteristic findings of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on chest imaging. An artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to detect COVID-19 on chest radiographs migh...

This collaborative multisociety effort explores artificial intelligence applications in cardiac CT and MRI, evaluating their readiness level from research to clinical deployment while addressing ethical, legal, and environmental sustainability considerations.

Despite decades of accruing evidence supporting the clinical utility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), adoption of CMR in routine cardiovascular practice remains limited in many regions of the world. Persistent use of long scan times of 60 min or more contributes to limited adoption, though techniques available on most scanners afford routine CMR examination within 30 min. Incorporating such techniques into standardize protocols can answer common clinical questions in daily practice, including those related to heart failure, cardiomyopathy, ventricular arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, and non-ischemic myocardial injury. In this white paper, we describe CMR protocols of 30 min or shorter duration with routine techniques with or without stress perfusion, plus specific approaches in patient and scanner room preparation for efficiency. Minimum requirements for the scanner gradient system, coil hardware and pulse sequences are detailed. Recent advances such as quantitative myocardial mapping and other add-on acquisitions can be incorporated into the proposed protocols without significant extension of scan duration for most patients. Common questions in clinical cardiovascular practice can be answered in routine CMR protocols under 30 min; their incorporation warrants consideration to facilitate increased access to CMR worldwide.

4D flow MRI depicts small type B aortic dissection flap fenestrations and enables additional hemodynamic characterization of flow between true and false lumens at fenestration sites relative to CT angiography and conventional MRI. Purpose To compare dissection flap fenestration visualization between three-dimensional time-resolved phase contrast MRI with three-directional flow encoding (hereafter, 4D flow MRI), clinical combined MRI and MR angiography (hereafter, MRI/MR angiography), and clinical CT angiography and to describe the presence of hemodynamically active fenestration flow using 4D flow MRI. Materials and Methods Nineteen patients with type B dissection (mean age, 57 years ± 5 [standard deviation]) who had undergone standard-of-care chest MRI/MR angiography, including 4D flow MRI, were retrospectively identified. Fourteen of the 19 patients also had CT angiography performed within 2 years of MRI/MR angiography, with no interval surgery. Image review was performed independently by two radiologists. The number of fenestrations (including entry and exit tears), location, and flow directionality were recorded. Differences in the rate of detection between techniques were assessed by using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results M...

Implementation of an abbreviated cardiac MRI protocol with a change in timing of cine steady-state free precession acquisitions after contrast material administration optimizes scanner efficiency, resulting in energy and greenhouse gas savings.