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Prof. Konstantinos Triantafyllidis
1. Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Green Chemistry
0 Heterogeneous Catalysis
0 Synthesis and characterization of (nano)materials
0 Adsorption processes (environmental applications)
0 Thermochemical & (bio)catalytic processes for biomass valorization

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Journal article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES) is emerging as a promising technology for the decarbonization of the economy. The use of CO2 as a feedstock, i.e. through carbon capture and utilization, can create attractive business opportunities for the production of 3rd generation biofuels. Achieving highly efficient electron transfer from the cathode to microbes is one of the main challenges hindering the development of MES reactors. It is, therefore, essential to improve biofilm growth for enhanced electron-transfer during bioconversion. In this study we show the first use of 3D bio-printing for microbial electrosynthesis systems, creating a “synthetic biofilm”, containing Sporomusa ovata. The synthetic biofilm greatly improves the acetate production rate while drastically decreasing start-up time. Using H-cell reactors, poised at -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl, with a synthetic biofilm printed on a carbon cloth electrode, an average acetate productivity of 47±5.1 g⋅day-1⋅m-2 (0.31 ±0.55 g⋅L-1⋅day-1) with a maximum productivity of 104 g⋅day1⋅m-2 (0.68 g⋅L-1⋅day-1) was achieved. This is an order of magnitude higher than typical S. ovata production rates, and 2-3 fold higher than reactors using specialized cathodes. Start-up of MES reactors typically require days, whereas a high production rate was achieved almost directly after the start-up (±40 hours) using the synthetic biofilm. Cyclic voltammetry data showed H2 formation occurred at much higher potentials than in the control reactors, (approx. -550 mV vs. -950 mV for controls). Imaging showed that the synthetic biofilm allowed for dense growth of S. ovata cells at the cathode, increasing electron transfer efficiency and potentially improving the bio-catalyzation of H2.

ACS Style

Adolf Krige; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 3D bioprinting on cathodes in microbial electrosynthesis for increased acetate production rate using Sporomusa ovata. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 106189 .

AMA Style

Adolf Krige, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. 3D bioprinting on cathodes in microbial electrosynthesis for increased acetate production rate using Sporomusa ovata. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (5):106189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adolf Krige; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2021. "3D bioprinting on cathodes in microbial electrosynthesis for increased acetate production rate using Sporomusa ovata." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 5: 106189.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2021 in Molecules
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In this study, formaldehyde-free bioresin adhesives were synthesised from lignin and tannin, which were obtained from softwood bark. The extraction was done via organosolv treatment and hot water extraction, respectively. A non-volatile, non-toxic aldehyde, glyoxal, was used as a substitute for formaldehyde in order to modify the chemical structure of both the lignin and tannin. The glyoxal modification reaction was confirmed by ATR–FTIR spectroscopy. Three different resin formulations were prepared using modified lignin along with the modified tannin. The thermal properties of the modified lignin, tannin, and the bioresins were assessed by DSC and TGA. When the bioresins were cured at a high temperature (200 °C) by compression moulding, they exhibited higher thermal stability as well as an enhanced degree of cross-linking compared to the low temperature-cured bioresins. The thermal properties of the resins were strongly affected by the compositions of the resins as well as the curing temperatures.

ACS Style

Sunanda Sain; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Tommy Öman; Mikael Skrifvars. Spruce Bark-Extracted Lignin and Tannin-Based Bioresin-Adhesives: Effect of Curing Temperatures on the Thermal Properties of the Resins. Molecules 2021, 26, 3523 .

AMA Style

Sunanda Sain, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Tommy Öman, Mikael Skrifvars. Spruce Bark-Extracted Lignin and Tannin-Based Bioresin-Adhesives: Effect of Curing Temperatures on the Thermal Properties of the Resins. Molecules. 2021; 26 (12):3523.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sunanda Sain; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Tommy Öman; Mikael Skrifvars. 2021. "Spruce Bark-Extracted Lignin and Tannin-Based Bioresin-Adhesives: Effect of Curing Temperatures on the Thermal Properties of the Resins." Molecules 26, no. 12: 3523.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Molecular Catalysis
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The herein presented ultrasound-assisted ultra-wet (US-UWet) impregnation synthetic approach was followed in order to avoid the drawbacks of the conventional wet impregnation synthesis. The goal was to homogeneously decorate the surface of the TiO2 nanoparticles with nanometric sized (< 4 nm) clusters of mixed cupric and cuprous oxides. The physicochemical features of the nanocomposite (TiO2CuOx) were determined by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy. TiO2CuOx showed an enhanced and continuous capability to generate molecular hydrogen upon low power ultraviolet irradiation. The benchmark commercial TiO2 P25 did not reveal any H2 formation under these conditions. TiO2CuOx presented also a high efficiency for the additives-free selective partial oxidation of two well established biomass derived model platform chemicals/building blocks, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and benzyl alcohol (BnOH) to the value-added chemicals 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and benzyl aldehyde (PhCHO), respectively. The nanocomposite showed higher DFF and PhCHO yield compared to P25.

ACS Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Abdul Qayyum; Vaishakh Nair; Ayesha Khan; Swaraj R. Pradhan; Jovana Prekodravac; Kyriazis Rekos; Alec P. LaGrow; Oleksandr Bondarchuk; Dariusz Łomot; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Juan Carlos Colmenares. Ultrasound-assisted decoration of CuOx nanoclusters on TiO2 nanoparticles for additives free photocatalytic hydrogen production and biomass valorization by selective oxidation. Molecular Catalysis 2021, 111664 .

AMA Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis, Abdul Qayyum, Vaishakh Nair, Ayesha Khan, Swaraj R. Pradhan, Jovana Prekodravac, Kyriazis Rekos, Alec P. LaGrow, Oleksandr Bondarchuk, Dariusz Łomot, Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis, Juan Carlos Colmenares. Ultrasound-assisted decoration of CuOx nanoclusters on TiO2 nanoparticles for additives free photocatalytic hydrogen production and biomass valorization by selective oxidation. Molecular Catalysis. 2021; ():111664.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Abdul Qayyum; Vaishakh Nair; Ayesha Khan; Swaraj R. Pradhan; Jovana Prekodravac; Kyriazis Rekos; Alec P. LaGrow; Oleksandr Bondarchuk; Dariusz Łomot; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Juan Carlos Colmenares. 2021. "Ultrasound-assisted decoration of CuOx nanoclusters on TiO2 nanoparticles for additives free photocatalytic hydrogen production and biomass valorization by selective oxidation." Molecular Catalysis , no. : 111664.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2021 in Micro
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Polystyrene (PS)/silicate composites were prepared with the addition of two organoclays (orgMMT and orgZenith) and two mesoporous silicas (SBA-15 and MCF) via (i) solution casting and (ii) melt compounding methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis evidenced an intercalated structure for PS/organoclay nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated improvement in the thermal stability of PS-nanocomposites compared to the pristine polymer. This enhancement was more prevalent for the nanocomposites prepared with a lab-made organoclay (orgZenith). Tensile measurement results indicated that elastic modulus increment was more prevalent (up to 50%) for microcomposites prepared using mesoporous silicas as filler. Organoclay addition led to a decrease in oxygen transmission rate (OTR) values. This decrement reached up to 50% for high organoclay content films in comparison to pristine PS film. Decrement above 80% was measured for microcomposites with mesoporous silicas and 5 wt% filler content obtained via melt compounding.

ACS Style

Athanasios Ladavos; Aris Giannakas; Panagiotis Xidas; Dimitrios Giliopoulos; Maria Baikousi; Dimitrios Gournis; Michael Karakassides; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis. Preparation and Characterization of Polystyrene Hybrid Composites Reinforced with 2D and 3D Inorganic Fillers. Micro 2021, 1, 3 -14.

AMA Style

Athanasios Ladavos, Aris Giannakas, Panagiotis Xidas, Dimitrios Giliopoulos, Maria Baikousi, Dimitrios Gournis, Michael Karakassides, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis. Preparation and Characterization of Polystyrene Hybrid Composites Reinforced with 2D and 3D Inorganic Fillers. Micro. 2021; 1 (1):3-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Athanasios Ladavos; Aris Giannakas; Panagiotis Xidas; Dimitrios Giliopoulos; Maria Baikousi; Dimitrios Gournis; Michael Karakassides; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis. 2021. "Preparation and Characterization of Polystyrene Hybrid Composites Reinforced with 2D and 3D Inorganic Fillers." Micro 1, no. 1: 3-14.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Separations
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Thiophenic compounds constitute a class of sulfur compounds derived by thiophene, containing at least one thiophenic ring. Their presence in fuels (crude oil, etc.) is important and can reach 3% m/m. The combustion of fuels leads to the formation of sulfur oxides a severe source of environmental pollution issues, such as acid rain with adverse effects both to humans and to the environment. To reduce such problems, the EU and other regulatory agencies worldwide set increasingly stringent regulations for sulfur content in fuels resulting in the necessity for intense desulphurization processes. However, most of these processes are inefficient in the total removal of sulfur compounds. Therefore, thiophenic compounds such as benzothiophenes and dibenzothiophenes are still present in heavier fractions of petroleum, therefore, their determination is of great importance. Until now, all HPLC methods applied in similar studies use gradient elution programs that may last more than 25 min with no validation results provided. To fill this gap, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate a simple and fast HPLC-UV method in order to be used as a useful monitoring tool in the evaluation studies of novel desulfurization technologies by means of simultaneous determination of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene and dibenzothiophene sulfone in the desulfurization effluents.

ACS Style

Vasiliki Kapsali; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Eleni Deliyanni; Victoria Samanidou. Monitoring of Remaining Thiophenic Compounds in Liquid Fuel Desulphurization Studies Using a Fast HPLC-UV Method. Separations 2021, 8, 48 .

AMA Style

Vasiliki Kapsali, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis, Eleni Deliyanni, Victoria Samanidou. Monitoring of Remaining Thiophenic Compounds in Liquid Fuel Desulphurization Studies Using a Fast HPLC-UV Method. Separations. 2021; 8 (4):48.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasiliki Kapsali; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Eleni Deliyanni; Victoria Samanidou. 2021. "Monitoring of Remaining Thiophenic Compounds in Liquid Fuel Desulphurization Studies Using a Fast HPLC-UV Method." Separations 8, no. 4: 48.

Microbiology
Published: 26 March 2021 in Frontiers in Microbiology
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Cellulases are a group of enzymes responsible for the degradation of cellulose, which is one of the most abundant polymers on Earth. The three main groups of cellulases are endoglucosidases, exoglucosidases, and β-glucosidases; however, the mechanism of induction of these enzymes remains poorly characterized. Cellooligosaccharides are among the main inducers of these enzymes in filamentous fungi, yet it is not clear how their degree of polymerization may affect the strength of induction. In the present study, we investigated the effect of different carbohydrate-based inducers, such as lactose, sophorose, cellooligosaccharides, and xylooligosacharides, characterized by different concentrations and degree of polymerization, on cellulases production by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, which is one of the most studied lignocellulose degrading fungi with the ability to consume both cellulose and hemicellulose. Moreover, the effect of carbon source on cellulase induction was assessed by growing the biomass on sucrose or glycerol. Results showed a correlation between induction efficiency and the cellooligosaccharides’ concentration and size, as well as the carbon source available. Specifically, cellotetraose was a better inducer when sucrose was the carbon source, while cellobiose yielded a better result on glycerol. These findings can help optimize industrial cellulase production.

ACS Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. How Carbon Source and Degree of Oligosaccharide Polymerization Affect Production of Cellulase-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Frontiers in Microbiology 2021, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. How Carbon Source and Degree of Oligosaccharide Polymerization Affect Production of Cellulase-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021; 12 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2021. "How Carbon Source and Degree of Oligosaccharide Polymerization Affect Production of Cellulase-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici." Frontiers in Microbiology 12, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2021 in Macromol
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In this work, polymer nanocomposite films based on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) were reinforced with mesoporous silica nanoparticles, mesoporous cellular foam (MCF) and Santa Barbara amorphous-15 (SBA). PLLA is a biobased aliphatic polyester, that possesses excellent thermomechanical properties, and has already been commercialized for packaging applications. The aim was to utilize nanoparticles that have already been established as nanocarriers to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PLLA. Since the introduction of antibacterial properties has become an emerging trend in packaging applications, to achieve an effective antimicrobial activity, micro/nano 3D micropillars decorated with cone- and needle-shaped nanostructures were implemented on the surface of the films by means of thermal nanoimprint lithography (t-NIL), a novel and feasible fabrication technique with multiple industrial applications. The materials were characterized regarding their composition and crystallinity using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, and their thermal properties using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Their mechanical properties were examined by the nanoindentation technique, while the films’ antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains was tested in vitro. The results demonstrated the successful production of nanocomposite PLLA films, which exhibited improved mechanical and thermal properties compared to the pristine material, as well as notable antibacterial activity, setting new groundwork for the potential development of biobased smart packaging materials.

ACS Style

Eleni Psochia; Lazaros Papadopoulos; Dimitrios Gkiliopoulos; Achille Francone; Maria-Eirini Grigora; Dimitrios Tzetzis; Joana de Castro; Nuno Neves; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Clivia Torres; Nikolaos Kehagias; Dimitrios Bikiaris. Bottom-Up Development of Nanoimprinted PLLA Composite Films with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties for Smart Packaging Applications. Macromol 2021, 1, 49 -63.

AMA Style

Eleni Psochia, Lazaros Papadopoulos, Dimitrios Gkiliopoulos, Achille Francone, Maria-Eirini Grigora, Dimitrios Tzetzis, Joana de Castro, Nuno Neves, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis, Clivia Torres, Nikolaos Kehagias, Dimitrios Bikiaris. Bottom-Up Development of Nanoimprinted PLLA Composite Films with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties for Smart Packaging Applications. Macromol. 2021; 1 (1):49-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleni Psochia; Lazaros Papadopoulos; Dimitrios Gkiliopoulos; Achille Francone; Maria-Eirini Grigora; Dimitrios Tzetzis; Joana de Castro; Nuno Neves; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Clivia Torres; Nikolaos Kehagias; Dimitrios Bikiaris. 2021. "Bottom-Up Development of Nanoimprinted PLLA Composite Films with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties for Smart Packaging Applications." Macromol 1, no. 1: 49-63.

Research article
Published: 01 February 2021 in ACS Omega
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Organosolv pretreatment represents one of the most promising biomass valorization strategies for renewable carbon-based products; meanwhile, there is an overall lack of holistic approach to how extraction conditions affect the suitable end-usages. In this context, lignin extracted from silver birch (Betula pendula L.) by a novel hybrid organosolv/steam-explosion treatment at varying process conditions (EtOH %; time; catalyst %) was analyzed by quantitative NMR (1H–13C HSQC; 13C NMR; 31P NMR), gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Pyr-gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC/MS), and thermogravimetric analysis, and the physicochemical characteristics of the lignins were discussed regarding their potential usages. Characteristic lignin interunit bonding motifs, such as β-O-4′, β-β′, and β-5′, were found to dominate in the extracted lignins, with their abundance varying with treatment conditions. Low-molecular-weight lignins with fairly unaltered characteristics were generated via extraction with the highest ethanol content potentially suitable for subsequent production of free phenolics. Furthermore, β-β′ and β-5′ structures were predominant at higher acid catalyst contents and prolonged treatment times. Higher acid catalyst content led to oxidation and ethoxylation of side-chains, with the concomitant gradual disappearance of p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol and cinnamaldehyde. This said, the increasing application of acid generated a broad set of lignin characteristics with potential applications such as antioxidants, carbon fiber, nanoparticles, and water remediation purposes.

ACS Style

Petter Paulsen Thoresen; Heiko Lange; Claudia Crestini; Ulrika Rova; Leonidas Matsakas; Paul Christakopoulos. Characterization of Organosolv Birch Lignins: Toward Application-Specific Lignin Production. ACS Omega 2021, 6, 4374 -4385.

AMA Style

Petter Paulsen Thoresen, Heiko Lange, Claudia Crestini, Ulrika Rova, Leonidas Matsakas, Paul Christakopoulos. Characterization of Organosolv Birch Lignins: Toward Application-Specific Lignin Production. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (6):4374-4385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Petter Paulsen Thoresen; Heiko Lange; Claudia Crestini; Ulrika Rova; Leonidas Matsakas; Paul Christakopoulos. 2021. "Characterization of Organosolv Birch Lignins: Toward Application-Specific Lignin Production." ACS Omega 6, no. 6: 4374-4385.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Sustainability
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In water and wastewater, phosphate anions are considered critical contaminants because they cause algae blooms and eutrophication. The present work aims at studying the removal of phosphate anions from aqueous solutions using silica particles functionalized with polyethylenimine. The parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competitive anions, such as carbonate, nitrate, sulfate and chromate ions, were studied. Equilibrium studies were carried out to determine their sorption capacity and the rate of phosphate ions uptake. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir and Sips model. The maximum sorption capacity was 41.1 mg/g at pH 5, which decreased slightly at pH 7. The efficiency of phosphate removal adsorption increased at lower pH values and by increasing the adsorbent dose. The maximum phosphate removal was 80% for pH 5 and decreased to 75% for pH 6, to 73% for pH 7 and to 70% for pH 8, for initial phosphate concentration at about 1 mg/L and for a dose of adsorbent 100 mg/L. The removal rate was increased with the increase of the adsorbent dose. For example, for initial phosphate concentration of 4 mg/L the removal rate increased from 40% to 80% by increasing the dose from 0.1 to 2.0 g/L at pH 7. The competitive anions adversely affected phosphate removal. Though they were also found to be removed to a certain extent. Their co-removal provided an adsorbent which might be very useful for treating waters with low-level multiple contaminant occurrence in natural or engineered aquatic systems.

ACS Style

Maria Xanthopoulou; Dimitrios Giliopoulos; Nikolaos Tzollas; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Margaritis Kostoglou; Ioannis Katsoyiannis. Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1502 .

AMA Style

Maria Xanthopoulou, Dimitrios Giliopoulos, Nikolaos Tzollas, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis, Margaritis Kostoglou, Ioannis Katsoyiannis. Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1502.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria Xanthopoulou; Dimitrios Giliopoulos; Nikolaos Tzollas; Konstantinos Triantafyllidis; Margaritis Kostoglou; Ioannis Katsoyiannis. 2021. "Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1502.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2021 in Biotechnology for Biofuels
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Background One of the sustainable development goals focuses on the biomass-based production as a replacement for fossil-based commodities. A novel feedstock with vast potentials is tunicate biomass, which can be pretreated and fermented in a similar way to lignocellulose. Ciona intestinalis is a marine filter feeder that is cultivated to produce fish feed. While the inner tissue body is used for feed production, the surrounding tunic remains as a cellulose-rich by-product, which can be further separated into outer and inner tunic. Ethanol production from organosolv-pretreated whole-tunic biomass was recently validated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of organosolv pretreated outer-tunic biomass for the production of biofuels and cellobiose that is a disaccharide with prebiotic potential. Results As a result, 41.4 g/L of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, corresponding to a 90.2% theoretical yield, was achieved under the optimal conditions when the tunicate biomass was pretreated at 195 °C for 60 min at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 50. In addition, cellobiose production by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated tunicate biomass was demonstrated with a maximum conversion yield of 49.7 wt. %. Conclusions The utilisation of tunicate biomass offers an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative for value-added biofuels and chemicals. The cultivation of tunicate biomass in shallow coastal sea improves the quality of the water and ensures sustainable production of fish feed. Moreover, there is no competition for arable land, which leaves the latter available for food and feed production.

ACS Style

Kateřina Hrůzová; Leonidas Matsakas; Anthi Karnaouri; Fredrik Norén; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. Valorization of outer tunic of the marine filter feeder Ciona intestinalis towards the production of second-generation biofuel and prebiotic oligosaccharides. Biotechnology for Biofuels 2021, 14, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Kateřina Hrůzová, Leonidas Matsakas, Anthi Karnaouri, Fredrik Norén, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. Valorization of outer tunic of the marine filter feeder Ciona intestinalis towards the production of second-generation biofuel and prebiotic oligosaccharides. Biotechnology for Biofuels. 2021; 14 (1):1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kateřina Hrůzová; Leonidas Matsakas; Anthi Karnaouri; Fredrik Norén; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2021. "Valorization of outer tunic of the marine filter feeder Ciona intestinalis towards the production of second-generation biofuel and prebiotic oligosaccharides." Biotechnology for Biofuels 14, no. 1: 1-8.

Review article
Published: 19 January 2021 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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Over the last decades, there has been significant progress toward the development of advanced electrochemical processes in the fields of energy production and storage, surface modification of materials and environmental remediation. Within the context of biomass valorization and biorefineries, the electrochemical oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), one of the top biomass-derived platform chemicals, to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a valuable monomer and building block of polyethylene furanoate (PEF), has emerged as a promising sustainable alternative to the chemo-catalytic synthesis paths. An additional asset of the electrochemical route is the simultaneous production of H2. The rational design of efficient nanocatalysts and nanoengineered anodes requiring lower oxidation potential is anticipated to lead to HMF electrocatalytic oxidation at even smaller applied voltage. Additionally, the utilization of heterogeneous photocatalysis combined with advantages offered by photoelectrodes capable to utilize directly the solar light, known as photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysis, can limit the application of external voltage. This review covers all recent developments related to electrochemical oxidation of HMF to FDCA, with emphasis on the nanoengineered anodes and their structural, morphological and chemical features, as well as with regard to the associated reaction mechanisms. The potential of solar-driven photoelectrochemical oxidation methods and continuous flow electrochemical oxidation is also discussed.

ACS Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Juan Carlos Colmenares; Dimitrios Tsiplakides; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. Nanoengineered Electrodes for Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Electrocatalytic Oxidation to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2021, 9, 1970 -1993.

AMA Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis, Juan Carlos Colmenares, Dimitrios Tsiplakides, Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. Nanoengineered Electrodes for Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Electrocatalytic Oxidation to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2021; 9 (5):1970-1993.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Juan Carlos Colmenares; Dimitrios Tsiplakides; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. 2021. "Nanoengineered Electrodes for Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Electrocatalytic Oxidation to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 9, no. 5: 1970-1993.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles (MSNs) are considered promising drug carriers because of their ordered pore structure, which permits high drug loading and release capacity. The dissolution of Si and Ca from MSNs can trigger osteogenic differentiation of stem cells towards extracellular matrix calcification, while Mg and Sr constitute key elements of bone biology and metabolism. The aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of sol–gel-derived MSNs co-doped with Ca, Mg and Sr. Their physico-chemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Brunauer Emmett Teller and Brunauer Joyner Halenda (BET/BJH), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ζ-potential measurements. Moxifloxacin loading and release profiles were assessed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) cell viability on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and their hemolytic activity in contact with human red blood cells (RBCs) at various concentrations were also investigated. Doped MSNs generally retained their textural characteristics, while different compositions affected particle size, hemolytic activity and moxifloxacin loading/release profiles. All co-doped MSNs revealed the formation of hydroxycarbonate apatite on their surface after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and promoted mitochondrial activity and cell proliferation.

ACS Style

Georgia K. Pouroutzidou; Liliana Liverani; Anna Theocharidou; Ioannis Tsamesidis; Maria Lazaridou; Evi Christodoulou; Anastasia Beketova; Christina Pappa; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Antonios D. Anastasiou; Lambrini Papadopoulou; Dimitrios N. Bikiaris; Aldo R. Boccaccini; Eleana Kontonasaki. Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Mg- and Sr-Doped Nanoparticles for Moxifloxacin Drug Delivery in Promising Tissue Engineering Applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 577 .

AMA Style

Georgia K. Pouroutzidou, Liliana Liverani, Anna Theocharidou, Ioannis Tsamesidis, Maria Lazaridou, Evi Christodoulou, Anastasia Beketova, Christina Pappa, Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis, Antonios D. Anastasiou, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Dimitrios N. Bikiaris, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Eleana Kontonasaki. Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Mg- and Sr-Doped Nanoparticles for Moxifloxacin Drug Delivery in Promising Tissue Engineering Applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (2):577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgia K. Pouroutzidou; Liliana Liverani; Anna Theocharidou; Ioannis Tsamesidis; Maria Lazaridou; Evi Christodoulou; Anastasia Beketova; Christina Pappa; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Antonios D. Anastasiou; Lambrini Papadopoulou; Dimitrios N. Bikiaris; Aldo R. Boccaccini; Eleana Kontonasaki. 2021. "Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Mg- and Sr-Doped Nanoparticles for Moxifloxacin Drug Delivery in Promising Tissue Engineering Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2: 577.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2020 in Molecules
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Xylan is one of the most abundant carbohydrates on Earth. Complete degradation of xylan is achieved by the collaborative action of endo-β-1,4-xylanases and β-d-xylosidases and a number of accessories enzymes. In filamentous fungi, the xylanolytic system is controlled through induction and repression. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Substrates containing xylan promote the induction of xylanases, which release xylooligosaccharides. These, in turn, induce expression of xylanase-encoding genes. Here, we aimed to determine which xylan degradation products acted as inducers, and whether the size of the released oligomer correlated with its induction strength. To this end, we compared xylanase production by different inducers, such as sophorose, lactose, cellooligosaccharides, and xylooligosaccharides in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Results indicate that xylooligosaccharides are more effective than other substrates at inducing endoxylanase and β-xylosidases. Moreover, we report a correlation between the degree of xylooligosaccharide polymerization and induction efficiency of each enzyme. Specifically, xylotetraose is the best inducer of endoxylanase, xylohexaose of extracellular β-xylosidase, and xylobiose of cell-bound β-xylosidase.

ACS Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. Effect of Oligosaccharide Degree of Polymerization on the Induction of Xylan-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici. Molecules 2020, 25, 5849 .

AMA Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. Effect of Oligosaccharide Degree of Polymerization on the Induction of Xylan-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici. Molecules. 2020; 25 (24):5849.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nasim Najjarzadeh; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2020. "Effect of Oligosaccharide Degree of Polymerization on the Induction of Xylan-Degrading Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici." Molecules 25, no. 24: 5849.

Research article
Published: 08 December 2020 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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The tunicate species Ciona intestinalis is a fast-growing marine invertebrate animal that contains cellulose in its outer part—the tunic. The high crystallinity and microfibril aspect ratio of tunicate cellulose make it an excellent starting material for the isolation of nanocellulose. In the present work, tunic from C. intestinalis was subjected to organosolv pretreatment followed by bleaching and acid-hydrolysis steps for the isolation of nanocrystals. Applying an intermediate enzymatic treatment step with a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) from the thermophilic fungus Thermothelomyces thermophila was proved to facilitate the isolation of nanocellulose and to improve the overall process yield, even when the bleaching step was omitted. LPMOs are able to oxidatively cleave the glycosidic bonds of a polysaccharide substrate, either at the C1 and/or C4 position, with the former leading to introduction of carboxylate moieties. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed a significant increase in the atomic percentage of the C═O/O–C–O and O–C═O bonds upon the addition of LPMO, while the obtained nanocrystals exhibited higher thermal stability compared to the untreated ones. Moreover, an enzymatic post-treatment with LPMOs was performed to additionally functionalize the cellulose nanocrystals. Our results demonstrate that LPMOs are promising candidates for the enzymatic modification of cellulose fibers, including the preparation of oxidized-nanocellulose, and offer great perspectives for the production of novel biobased nanomaterials.

ACS Style

Anthi Karnaouri; Blanca Jalvo; Philipp Moritz; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Oliver Höfft; Georgia Sourkouni; Wolfgang Maus-Friedrichs; Aji P. Mathew; Paul Christakopoulos. Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase-Assisted Preparation of Oxidized-Cellulose Nanocrystals with a High Carboxyl Content from the Tunic of Marine Invertebrate Ciona intestinalis. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 18400 -18412.

AMA Style

Anthi Karnaouri, Blanca Jalvo, Philipp Moritz, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova, Oliver Höfft, Georgia Sourkouni, Wolfgang Maus-Friedrichs, Aji P. Mathew, Paul Christakopoulos. Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase-Assisted Preparation of Oxidized-Cellulose Nanocrystals with a High Carboxyl Content from the Tunic of Marine Invertebrate Ciona intestinalis. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (50):18400-18412.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anthi Karnaouri; Blanca Jalvo; Philipp Moritz; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Oliver Höfft; Georgia Sourkouni; Wolfgang Maus-Friedrichs; Aji P. Mathew; Paul Christakopoulos. 2020. "Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase-Assisted Preparation of Oxidized-Cellulose Nanocrystals with a High Carboxyl Content from the Tunic of Marine Invertebrate Ciona intestinalis." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 50: 18400-18412.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2020 in Catalysis Today
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The hydrodeoxygenation of pure phenol in hexane solution and of catalytic biomass fast pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) over 10 %Ni/ZrO2 and 10 %Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalysts was investigated in the present study, at relatively mild conditions (ca. 50−250 °C, 30 bar H2) in a continuous flow high-pressure fixed bed reactor. The catalysts were characterized for their structural, porosity, redox and acidic/basic properties which were used to rationalize the observed catalytic performance. The 10 %Ni/ZrO2 catalyst was very active and selective towards cyclohexanol in the phenol HDO experiments (100 % conversion and selectivity at 110 °C) but the enhanced acidity offered by the addition WO3 in ZrO2 was necessary to succeed a complete hydrodeoxygenation of phenol to cyclohexane at the low temperature of 150 °C with the 10 %Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalyst. This catalyst was also proven very active in the hydrodeoxygenation of the catalytic bio-oil which consisted of mono-aromatics (i.e. alkyl-benzenes) and PAHs (mainly naphthalenes and indenes), and fewer oxygenated compounds (i.e. alkyl-phenols and benzofurans), providing a product oil containing mainly alkyl-cycloalkanes and fewer alkyl-benzenes, at the mild conditions of 210 °C and 30 bar H2.

ACS Style

Caterina Zerva; Stamatia A. Karakoulia; Konstantinos G. Kalogiannis; Antigoni Margellou; Eleni F. Iliopoulou; Angelos A. Lappas; Nikolaos Papayannakos; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. Hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and biomass fast pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) over Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalyst. Catalysis Today 2020, 366, 57 -67.

AMA Style

Caterina Zerva, Stamatia A. Karakoulia, Konstantinos G. Kalogiannis, Antigoni Margellou, Eleni F. Iliopoulou, Angelos A. Lappas, Nikolaos Papayannakos, Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. Hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and biomass fast pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) over Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalyst. Catalysis Today. 2020; 366 ():57-67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caterina Zerva; Stamatia A. Karakoulia; Konstantinos G. Kalogiannis; Antigoni Margellou; Eleni F. Iliopoulou; Angelos A. Lappas; Nikolaos Papayannakos; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis. 2020. "Hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and biomass fast pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) over Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalyst." Catalysis Today 366, no. : 57-67.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2020 in Processes
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A shift towards an economically viable biomass biorefinery concept requires the use of all biomass fractions (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) for the production of high added-value products. As lignin is often underutilized, the establishment of lignin valorization routes is highly important. In-house produced organosolv as well as commercial Kraft lignin were used in this study. The aim of the current work was to make a comparative study of thermoplastic biomaterials from two different types of lignins. Native lignins were alkylate with two different alkyl iodides to produce ether-functionalized lignins. Successful etherification was verified by FT-IR spectroscopy, changes in the molecular weight of lignin, as well as 13C and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The thermal stability of etherified lignin samples was considerably improved with the T2% of organosolv to increase from 143 °C to up to 213 °C and of Kraft lignin from 133 °C to up to 168 °C, and glass transition temperature was observed. The present study shows that etherification of both organosolv and Kraft lignin with alkyl halides can produce lignin thermoplastic biomaterials with low glass transition temperature. The length of the alkyl chain affects thermal stability as well as other thermal properties.

ACS Style

Shubhankar Bhattacharyya; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. Melt Stable Functionalized Organosolv and Kraft Lignin Thermoplastic. Processes 2020, 8, 1108 .

AMA Style

Shubhankar Bhattacharyya, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. Melt Stable Functionalized Organosolv and Kraft Lignin Thermoplastic. Processes. 2020; 8 (9):1108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shubhankar Bhattacharyya; Leonidas Matsakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2020. "Melt Stable Functionalized Organosolv and Kraft Lignin Thermoplastic." Processes 8, no. 9: 1108.

Research article
Published: 17 August 2020 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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The influence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) on the CO2 absorption rate and CO2 load in aqueous blends of the amino acid ionic liquid pentaethylenehexamine prolinate (PEHAp) and methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) was investigated and compared to aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solutions. The aim was to identify blends with good enzyme compatibility, several fold higher absorption rates than MDEA and superior desorption potential compared to MEA. The blend of 5% PEHAp and 20% MDEA gave a solvent with approximately 5-fold higher initial absorption rate than MDEA and a 2-fold higher regeneration compared to MEA. Experiments in a small pilot absorption rig resulted in a mass transfer coefficient (KGa) of 0.48, 4.6 and 15 mol (m3 s mol fraction)-1 for 25% MDEA, 5% PEHAp 20% MDEA and 25% MEA, respectively. CA could maintain approximately 70% of its initial activity after 2 h incubation in PEHAp MDEA blends. Integration of CA with amine-based absorption resulted in a 31.7% increase in mass of absorbed CO2 compared to the respective non-enzymatic reaction at the optimal solvent: CA ratio and CA load. Combining novel blends and CA can offer a good compromise between capital and operating costs for conventional amine scrubbers, which could outperform MEA-based systems.

ACS Style

Magnus Sjöblom; Io Antonopoulou; Ivan Gil Jiménez; Ayanne De Oliveira Maciel; Santosh Govind Khokarale; Jyri-Pekka Mikkola; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. Enzyme-Assisted CO2 Absorption in Aqueous Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Amine Blends. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 13672 -13682.

AMA Style

Magnus Sjöblom, Io Antonopoulou, Ivan Gil Jiménez, Ayanne De Oliveira Maciel, Santosh Govind Khokarale, Jyri-Pekka Mikkola, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos. Enzyme-Assisted CO2 Absorption in Aqueous Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Amine Blends. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (36):13672-13682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magnus Sjöblom; Io Antonopoulou; Ivan Gil Jiménez; Ayanne De Oliveira Maciel; Santosh Govind Khokarale; Jyri-Pekka Mikkola; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos. 2020. "Enzyme-Assisted CO2 Absorption in Aqueous Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Amine Blends." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 36: 13672-13682.

Journal article
Published: 08 August 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The oil scarcity and the rise in earth temperature have elevated the interest in lignocellulosic biorefineries. Lignin has high potential to be used in various applications including the production of biomaterials and transportation fuels. Among the different sources of lignin, organosolv lignin has the advantage of being sulphur-free and of low ash content compared to other types of industrial lignin. The present study focuses on cradle-to-gate life cycle and cost assessment of a novel organosolv lignin production process from spruce bark. The system boundary included production of tannin, lignin from spruce bark and handling of waste including all the inputs (material and energy) and outputs (emissions) in the process. Baseline scenario and scenarios S1 and S2 were compared to identify the most environmentally and economically suitable scenario. The baseline scenario is lignin production with co-production of tannin and tannin free bark (TFB) from spruce bark; scenario S1 is lignin production from TFB; and scenario S2 is lignin production from TFB with mass allocation. The functional unit was 1 kg lignin produced and ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method was used for the environmental impact assessment. The results showed that the baseline scenario had higher global warming potential (GWP) (2.14 kg CO2eq.) and total cost (1.959 €/kg) than S1 (1.39 kg CO2 eq. and 1.377 €/kg respectively) and S2 (0.23 kg CO2eq. and 0.998 €/kg respectively) scenarios. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the use of bioethanol instead of ethanol reduced the burden on GWP but increased the burden on the land use impact category.

ACS Style

Pooja Yadav; Dimitris Athanassiadis; Io Antonopoulou; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Mats Tysklind; Leonidas Matsakas. Environmental impact and cost assessment of a novel lignin production method. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 279, 123515 .

AMA Style

Pooja Yadav, Dimitris Athanassiadis, Io Antonopoulou, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Mats Tysklind, Leonidas Matsakas. Environmental impact and cost assessment of a novel lignin production method. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 279 ():123515.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pooja Yadav; Dimitris Athanassiadis; Io Antonopoulou; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Mats Tysklind; Leonidas Matsakas. 2020. "Environmental impact and cost assessment of a novel lignin production method." Journal of Cleaner Production 279, no. : 123515.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2020 in Processes
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This study demonstrates the effects of structural variations of lignins isolated via an organosolv process from different woody and herbaceous feedstocks on their thermal stability profiles. The organosolv lignins were first analysed for impurities, and structural features were determined using the default set of gel permeation chromatography, FT-IR spectroscopy, quantitative 31 P NMR spectroscopy and semi-quantitative 1 H- 13 C HSQC analysis. Pyrolysis-, O 2 - and CO 2 -reactivity of the organosolv lignins were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and volatile formation in various heating cycles was mapped by head-space GC-MS analysis. Revealed reactivities were correlated to the presence of identified impurities and structural features typical for the organosolv lignins. Data suggest that thermogravimetric analysis can eventually be used to delineate a lignin character when basic information regarding its isolation method is available.

ACS Style

Anna Trubetskaya; Heiko Lange; Bernd Wittgens; Anders Brunsvik; Claudia Crestini; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; J. Leahy; Leonidas Matsakas. Structural and Thermal Characterization of Novel Organosolv Lignins from Wood and Herbaceous Sources. Processes 2020, 8, 860 .

AMA Style

Anna Trubetskaya, Heiko Lange, Bernd Wittgens, Anders Brunsvik, Claudia Crestini, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, J. Leahy, Leonidas Matsakas. Structural and Thermal Characterization of Novel Organosolv Lignins from Wood and Herbaceous Sources. Processes. 2020; 8 (7):860.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Trubetskaya; Heiko Lange; Bernd Wittgens; Anders Brunsvik; Claudia Crestini; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; J. Leahy; Leonidas Matsakas. 2020. "Structural and Thermal Characterization of Novel Organosolv Lignins from Wood and Herbaceous Sources." Processes 8, no. 7: 860.

Research article
Published: 12 May 2020 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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ACS Style

Alok Patel; Liwen Mu; Yijun Shi; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Leonidas Matsakas. Novel Biorefinery Approach Aimed at Vegetarians Reduces the Dependency on Marine Fish Stocks for Obtaining Squalene and Docosahexaenoic Acid. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 8803 -8813.

AMA Style

Alok Patel, Liwen Mu, Yijun Shi, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Leonidas Matsakas. Novel Biorefinery Approach Aimed at Vegetarians Reduces the Dependency on Marine Fish Stocks for Obtaining Squalene and Docosahexaenoic Acid. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (23):8803-8813.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alok Patel; Liwen Mu; Yijun Shi; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos; Leonidas Matsakas. 2020. "Novel Biorefinery Approach Aimed at Vegetarians Reduces the Dependency on Marine Fish Stocks for Obtaining Squalene and Docosahexaenoic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 23: 8803-8813.