Objective: This study aims to evaluate cell proliferation capacity and micronuclei incidence in the presence of nickel–chromium (Ni-Cr)-based dental alloys, with and without the addition of beryllium (Be). The use of these alloys in dental prosthetics is widespread; however, the potential risks associated with their genotoxicity and cytotoxicity require further investigation. The study seeks to provide insight into the safety of these materials and their long-term impact on the health of both patients and dental professionals. Methods: The study was conducted through a comparative analysis of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity using human lymphocyte cultures exposed to two types of Ni-Cr-based dental alloys, one containing beryllium and the other without beryllium. The evaluations were performed according to the OECD Test No. 487 guideline, employing the micronucleus assay and cell proliferation assay. Lymphocytes were exposed to three different alloy concentrations (5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and 20 mg/mL), and the effects on genetic material were analyzed microscopically. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and variance) were calculated, and one-way ANOVA was used to assess statistical significance between groups, with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. Results: A significant increase in cytotoxicity and micronuclei incidence was observed in the samples containing beryllium compared to those without beryllium. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) between the test and control groups and between different concentrations. Additionally, a direct proportional relationship was noted between alloy concentration and the intensity of genotoxic effects. Microscopic analysis confirmed genetic material damage, indicating a potentially increased risk associated with the use of this type of dental material. Conclusions: The data obtained suggest that Ni-Cr-based dental alloys containing beryllium may present a significant risk of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the selection of materials used in dental prosthetics should be based on solid scientific evidence, and the use of these alloys should be approached with caution. The study highlights the need for further research to better understand the long-term impact of these materials on human health.

The aim of this study was to compare the interproximal contact tightness of lateral teeth after restoring adjacent proximal walls with four types of direct adherent biomaterials. Distal and mesial boxes were prepared on 160 artificial right first and second upper molars. Each set of 40 pairs of boxes was restored using one bulk biomaterial: Equia Forte Fil HT (GC), Cention^® Forte (IVOCLAR VIVADENT), Admira Fusion x-tra (VOCO), or 3M^TMFiltek^TM One Bulk Fill. The mean difference in the passing-through force varied from sound to restored surfaces immediately after application, as well as at 7 and 14 days after: Equia Forte Fil HT—4.07 ± 0.01, 4.08 ± 0.01, and 4.11 ± 0.01; Cention^® Forte—3.30 ± 0.01, 3.50 ± 0.01, and 3.56 ± 0.01; Admira Fusion x-tra—4.10 ± 0.01, 4.13 ± 0.01, and 4.13 ± 0.01; 3M^TMFiltek^TM One Bulk Fill—4.08 ± 0.01, 4.09 ± 0.01, and 4.07 ± 0.01 (p < 0.05). The passing-through force of the restored contact areas showed significantly higher values when compared to those for the sound surfaces, and among them, all biomaterials presented similar values, except for Cention^® Forte. The potential clinical relevance of this study relates to better knowing the most appropriate restorative material for large proximal caries on adjacent surfaces from the outset of the treatment protocol.

Background: Whether nanoengineered titanium surfaces confer superior implant stability beyond modern microrough controls remains uncertain. Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidance: comprehensive multi-database searching with de-duplication; dual independent screening, full-text assessment, and standardized data extraction for predefined outcomes (implant stability quotient [ISQ], mechanical anchorage by removal/push-out/pull-out torque, and histologic bone-to-implant contact). Risk of bias was appraised with RoB 2 for randomized trials, ROBINS-I for non-randomized clinical studies, and CAMARADES (animal experimentation). The certainty of clinical evidence was summarized using GRADE. Results: Across animal models, nanoengineered surfaces consistently improved early osseointegration indices (higher removal torque and bone-to-implant contact at initial healing). In clinical comparative studies, nanoengineered implants showed modest, time-limited gains in early stability (ISQ) versus microrough titanium. By 3–6 months, between-group differences typically diminished, and no consistent advantages were demonstrated for survival or marginal bone outcomes at later follow-up. Methodologic heterogeneity (surface chemistries, timepoints, outcome definitions) and small clinical samples limited quantitative synthesis. Overall, risk-of-bias concerns ranged from some concerns to high in non-randomized studies; the certainty of clinical evidence was low. Conclusions: Nanofeatured titanium surfaces improve early osseointegration but do not demonstrate a consistent long-term advantage over modern microrough implants. Current evidence supports an early osseointegration benefit without clear long-term clinical advantage over contemporary microrough implants. Adequately powered, head-to-head trials with standardized stability endpoints and ≥12-month follow-up are needed to determine whether early gains translate into patient-important outcomes.

Background: In Romania, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) were first acknowledged in 1989. Getting older with HIV/AIDS is now possible due to antiretroviral treatment, but it can bring dental problems due to HIV itself or to the reluctance of dental professionals to treat dental problems. Our study aims to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of Romanian dental professionals regarding aging PLWHA. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional observational survey based on a self-administered questionnaire was conducted for Romanian dental professionals from October 2022 to January 2023. Results: The responders’ group profile was as follows: a mean age of 39.09 ± 0.36 years (limit: 19–75), a majority of 991 (90.01%) from urban dental offices, and 364 (33.06%) with more than twenty years’ experience. A total of 517 (46.95%) responders had an unprofessional attitude and declared that, if possible, they would avoid taking part in performing dental treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There were 89 (8.08%) dental professionals that refused to work with PLWHA. Only 363 (32.97%) had worked with one previously. The dental professionals in rural areas refused PLWHA more frequently: 20% (N = 22) of rural dental professionals vs. 6.76% (N = 67) of urban dental professionals refused to work with PLWHA (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.16-.56). The logistic regression applied for the 1101 responders revealed after stepwise selection that the most influential factor for their refusal to work with PLWHA in our study group was being previously exposed to HIV during dental practice (OR = 14.45; 95% CI: 8.55- 24.42; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Dental educators and health care planners should promote the knowledge of prophylaxis and positive attitudes towards the treatment of PLWHA. Successful resolution of these concerns is time consuming and expensive but necessary if dentists are to satisfy their professional obligations to HIV/AIDS patients.

The CAD-CAM technology was initiated in the early 1980s, and in the last decade it has developed significantly. Currently, the functionality and aesthetics offered by CAD-CAM systems meet the expectations of patients and thus, in this material, several extremely interesting aspects are presented, regarding the technological process of designing and manufacturing structures made by CAD-CAM technology both from zirconium oxide, but also from other specific modern materials.

In this material, two clinical cases are described, regarding the use of CAD-CAM technology for producing the wax pattern of the metal substructure for a fixed prosthetic restoration. In fact, in these cases, it is about making a digital design and milling from a block of wax the patterns of future fixed metal-ceramic prosthetic restorations.